Q. XII Gianicolense
Quartiere of Rome
Viale di Trastevere
Viale di Trastevere
Position of the quartiere within the city of Rome
Position of the quartiere within the city of Rome
CountryItaly
RegionLazio
Metropolitan CityRome
ComuneRome
MunicipioMunicipio XI
Municipio XII
Area
 • Total2.9221 sq mi (7.5682 km2)
Population
 (2016)[1]
 • Total89,618
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)

Gianicolense [dʒanikoˈlɛnse] is the 12th quartiere of Rome (Italy), identified by the initials Q. XII. It belongs to the Municipio XI and Municipio XII. It takes its name from the Janiculum hill, which lies in the nearby rione Trastevere and whose western extremities correspond to the area of Monteverde.

History

Porta San Pancrazio

The quarter is full of historical vestiges, being close to the ancient city: here stood the Horti Caesaris, a number of pagan places of worship, and some Christian and Jewish catacombs, like the catacombs of Pontian and San Pancrazio, underneath the same name basilica.

In ancient times, the territory was crossed by the Via di Monteverde, which used to be a cross street of the Via Portuense and whose initial stretch corresponds to the current Via Giuseppe Parini, and by the Via Vitellia, that linked the Janiculum with the Tyrrhenian coast.

In the 17th century, the merger of several vineyards led to the creation of Villa Doria Pamphili, which hosts the casino designed by Alessandro Algardi. The villa was the scene of bloody battles during the 1849 defense of the Roman Republic. The villa was expropriated and opened to public in 1972, and it is currently the largest public park in Rome.

The expansion of the quarter began, on the basis of the 1909 town plan, in the area close to the Janiculum walls, near Via Carini and Piazza Rosolino Pilo: the area, which took the name of Monteverde Vecchio, is characterized by refined cottages with gardens. The expansion continued in the Fascist era, when the public housing buildings nicknamed Grattacieli ("skyscrapers") were built along Via di Donna Olimpia. Also, the Ospedale del Littorio (which later was named Ospedale San Camillo) and the apartment blocks in the area of Monteverde Nuovo were built in that period.

Geography

The quartiere is located in the western part of the city, near the Janiculum walls. It includes the urban zones 16D Gianicolense and 16X Villa Pamphili, and a great part of the urban zone 16A Colli Portuensi.

The western portion of the quarter is commonly referred to as Monteverde, after the lower part of the Janiculum hill. Monteverde (Italian for green mountain) presumably takes its name from the green-yellowish tuff that was mined from the quarries that were scattered in the territory.

Boundaries

The quarter borders, to the north, with quartiere Aurelio (Q. XIII), from which it is separated by the portion of Via Aurelia Antica between Via della Nocetta and Piazzale Aurelio. It also borders with rione Trastevere, whose boundary is marked by the stretch of the Janiculum walls between Porta San Pancrazio (Piazzale Aurelio) and Porta Portese.

Eastward, the quarter borders with quartiere Portuense (Q. XI), whose border is defined by Via Portuense, Via Ettore Rolli and another stretch of Via Portuense, up to Largo Gaetano La Loggia.

To the south, Gianicolense borders with suburbio Portuense, from which it is separated by the stretch of Via Portuense between Largo Gaetano La Loggia and Via del Casaletto.

To the west, the quarter borders with suburbio Gianicolense: the boundary is outlined by Via del Casaletto, Piazzetta del Bel Respiro and Via della Nocetta.

Odonymy

The territory of quartiere Gianicolense is crossed by the eponymous circonvallazione and by Via dei Colli Portuensi, a thoroughfare which was built in view of the 1960 Summer Olympics as part of the so called Via Olimpica, a road axis that was aimed to connect EUR with the Stadio Olimpico. Odonyms of the quarter can be categorized as follows:

Places of interest

The Janiculum walls near Porta San Pancrazio

Civil buildings

  • Carlo Forlanini hospital, in Via Bernardino Ramazzini (1930–35).
  • Villa Santucci Maraini, in Via Bernardino Ramazzini. 19th-century art nouveau house.

Religious buildings

Archaeological sites

  • Sepulchres in Via Giuseppe Ravizza. 2nd-century sepulchres.

Parks

Villa Doria Pamphili
  • Villa Doria Pamphili.
  • Villa Baldini, in Largo Alessandrina Ravizza. 18th-century villa.
  • Villa Flora or Villa Signorini, in Via Portuense. 19th-century villa.

Other

References

  1. ↑ Roma Capitale – Roma Statistica. Population inscribed in the resident register at 31 December 2016 by toponymy subdivision.
  • "Municipio Roma XI". Roma Capitale.
  • "Municipio Roma XII". Roma Capitale.
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