Giovanni Scuderi (born 24 May 1935) is an Italian politician and general secretary of the Italian Marxist–Leninist Party (PMLI),[1][2][3] which was established by him and others on 10 April 1977.[4][5][6]

Early life and political career

Scuderi was born in Avola, Sicily. He became an employee of the municipal waste disposal company in Florence.[6] Afterwards, he began his political militancy in the left-wing current of Christian Democracy (DC) from 1959 to 1964. During this period as a DC member, he supported the advent of the centre-left and the Organic centre-left, and subsequently for dialogue and government collaboration with the Italian Communist Party (PCI). His reasoning from exiting the DC was highlighted by l'Unità.[7]

In 1967, along with three other Marxist–Leninist militants, Scuderi joined the Federation of Marxist–Leninist Communists of Italy, which was one of the first splits among Marxists–Leninists in Italy.[8] He left it in 1968 and joined the Communist Party of Italy (Marxist–Leninist) (PCd'I (ml)), becoming its provincial secretary of Florence. He had a clash with Angiolo Gracci, who separated from the party to form the PCd'I (ml) – Red Line, and then with the latter's general secretary Fosco Dinucci.[6]

Italian Marxist–Leninist Party

In 1969, Scuderi established the Marxist–Leninist Italian Bolshevik Communist Organization and Il Bolscevico (The Bolshevik).[9][10] Inspired by the Cultural Revolution and the protests of 1968, the paper was founded three days after the Piazza Fontana bombing; he was the first to publicly define the bombing a strage di Stato (a massacre thought to be organized by organs of the state) as part of the strategy of tension in Italy.[11] He was the newspaper's first political director and supported the unity of the Italian Maoists against the perceived revisionism of the PCI. In 1977, he established the PMLI in Florence and became its general secretary,[4][5][6] a position that he maintains into the 2020s.[12] During his political struggle, among the works he wrote are an essay for the International Seminary on Marxism–Leninism. His works are diffused in Italy, Mexico, and Ukraine. Scuderi lives in Florence, where the headquarters of the PMLI are located.[5][6]

Scuderi considers the October Revolution "a historical event that demonstrated that the proletariat is capable of conquering political power and building socialism."[13][14] Since the 1980s, former Italian partisan Enio Sardelli was close to the PMLI. In 1998, Scuderi wrote a tribute to Pol Pot upon his death.[15][16] At the 5th Plenary Session of the 5th Party Central Committee, which was held in Florence on 11 October 2015, while condemning terrorist attacks,[17][18] Scuderi affirmed his support for the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant against the global forces of imperialism.[19][20] He also supported the 2021 Taliban offensive on anti-imperialist grounds,[21][22][23] while commenting that "there is an abyss between the PMLI and the ideology, strategy, program, methods of struggle, and anti-female policy of the Taliban".[24] In 2022, he condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine as imperialism, which he defines it as "the mortal enemy of all the peoples of the world",[25] expressed support for the Ukrainian resistance, and described Vladimir Putin as the new tsar who is heading a neo-Nazi army.[26][27] In March 2022, the Vatican invited Il Bolscevico to a public debate, which Scuderi accepted.[28]

References

  1. ↑ Fichera, Paola (9 September 2013). "Mao Tse Tung, i nostalgici del regime comunista hanno ricordato il dittatore". La Nazione (in Italian). ISSN 0391-6863. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  2. ↑ Bracalini, Paolo (10 December 2017). "Altro che 'onda nera' In Italia proliferano tredici partiti comunisti". Il Giornale (in Italian). ISSN 1124-8831. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  3. ↑ "A Cavriago si commemora Lenin" (in Italian). ANSA. 21 January 2018. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  4. 1 2 Giarelli, Pablo (4 October 2016). "Che fine hanno fatto i comunisti? In Italia sono sparsi in sedici partiti". Linkiesta (in Italian). Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  5. 1 2 3 Ferrandino, Gaetano (6 April 2017). "Il Pmli festeggia quarant'anni". Il Golfo 24 (in Italian). Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Dell'Osa, Pablo (8 April 2019). "9 Aprile". Il Centro (in Italian). Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  7. ↑ "La storia del PMLI dal settembre 1967 al dicembre 1985". PMLI (in Italian). 3 October 2012. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  8. ↑ Niccolai, Roberto (1998). "La galassia marxista-leninista". Quando la Cina era vicina. La rivoluzione culturale e la sinistra extraparlamentare italiana negli anni 60 e 70 (in Italian). Pisa/Pistoia: BFS-CDP. ISBN 88-86389-37-X. Retrieved 8 October 2023 – via Lavoro Politico and Google Books.
  9. ↑ Bordon, Sandro (1983). "La normalizzazione dei rapporti tra PCC e PCI". Il Politico (in Italian). Pavia: Facoltà di Scienze Politiche dell'Università degli Studi di Pavia–Giuffrè. XLVIII (1): 115–158. JSTOR 43096971. Retrieved 8 October 2023 – via JSTOR.
  10. ↑ "'Il Bolscevico' festeggia 50 anni di vita". La Voce di Lucca (in Italian). 13 December 2019. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  11. ↑ Vasta, Orazio (17 December 2019). "Il PMLI chiede lo scioglimento di quattro organizzazioni neofasciste". Free Press Online (in Italian). Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  12. ↑ "Opinioni: Giovanni Scuderi, Segretario generale del PMLI". Mondonuovonews (in Italian). 29 September 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  13. ↑ "Il PMLI celebra il centenario della Rivoluzione d'Ottobre". Isola verde TV (in Italian). 2 November 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  14. ↑ "Il PMLI celebra il centenario della Rivoluzione d'Ottobre. A Rufina un dibattito pubblico". OK!Mugello (in Italian). 3 November 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  15. ↑ "Onore a Pol Pot. Lo ricorderemo per sempre come fulgido esempio di dirigente rivoluzionario fedele al proprio popolo e campione indomito della lotta per l'indipendenza e la liberazione nazionale". Il Bolscevico (in Italian). No. 17. 1998. Retrieved 6 October 2023 – via PMLI.it.
  16. ↑ Zecchinelli, Stefano (5 July 2011). "Uno strano caso di psicopatologia politica: il Partito marxista-leninista italiano". Bandiera Rossa (in Italian).
  17. ↑ "Il PMLI appoggia l'Islamic State: il chiarimento di Gianni Vuoso". Ischia Blog. 13 October 2015. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  18. ↑ "Let us support the Islamic State against the imperialist holy alliance". PMLI. 15 October 2015. Archived from the original on 17 February 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  19. ↑ "'Il Partito Marxista-Leninista appoggia l'ISIS contro gli imperialisti'". NextQuotidiano (in Italian). 12 October 2015. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  20. ↑ "PMLI si allea con ISIS e denuncia: 'Aggrediti a Napoli e a Roma'". Termometro Politico (in Italian). 3 November 2015. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  21. ↑ "La conquista di Kabul è una vittoria antimperialista dei talebani". PMLI.it (in Italian). 16 August 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  22. ↑ D'Amato, Alessandro (19 August 2021). "Afghanistan, il partito marxista-leninista italiano sta con i talebani. Sono gli unici?". Open (in Italian). Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  23. ↑ Trisolino, Luigi (20 January 2022). "Leninisti filo-talebanocratici: figli di un Marx che non c'era". L'Opinione delle Libertà (in Italian). Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  24. ↑ Palazzo, Silvana (18 August 2021). "Partito Marxista Leninista italiano choc su talebani/ 'Dobbiamo seguire loro esempio'". Il Sussidario (in Italian). Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  25. ↑ "Pmli contro la guerra in Ucraina: 'L'imperialismo è il nemico mortale di tutti i popoli del mondo'". Newsbiella.it (in Italian). 25 February 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  26. ↑ "Eroica Resistenza dell'Ucraina per impedire all'armata neonazista del nuovo zar Putin di occupare tutto il Donbass". PMLI.it (in Italian). 20 April 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  27. ↑ "I marxisti-leninisti contro 'il nuovo zar Putin'". Il Resto del Carlino (in Italian). 23 January 2023. ISSN 2499-3999. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  28. ↑ "E il Vaticano invita 'il bolscevico' ad un pubblico dibattito". Il Dispari Quotidiano (in Italian). 23 March 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2023.

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