Global Greens
AbbreviationGG
Formation12 April 2001 (2001-04-12)
TypeInternational non-governmental organization
Legal statusAssociation
PurposeWorld network of green political parties and organizations
HeadquartersRue Wiertz 31, 1050 Brussels, Belgium[1]
Region served
Worldwide
Membership
87 political parties and 9 organizations[2]
Convenor
Bob Hale and Gloria Polanco
Main organ
Global Greens Congress
SubsidiariesGlobal Young Greens
Websitewww.globalgreens.org

The Global Greens (GG) is an international network of political parties and movements which work to implement the Global Greens Charter. It consists of various national green political parties, partner networks, and other organizations associated with green politics.

Formed in 2001 at the First Global Greens Congress, the network has grown to include 76 full member parties and 11 observers and associate parties as of May 2022, so a total of 87 members.[2] It is governed by a 12-member steering committee called the Global Greens Coordination, and each member party falls under the umbrella of one of four affiliated regional green federations. The day-to-day operations of the Global Greens are managed by the Secretariat, led by Global Greens Convenors Bob Hale and Gloria Polanco since 2020.

History

The world's first green parties were founded in 1972. These were in the Australian state of Tasmania (the United Tasmania Group) and in New Zealand (the Values Party). Others followed quickly: in 1973, PEOPLE (later the Ecology Party) was set up in the UK, and in other European countries Green and radical parties sprang up in the following years.[3]

Petra Kelly, a German ecofeminist activist, is often cited as one of the first thinkers and leaders of the green politics movement. Her work in founding the German Green Party in West Germany in 1980 was instrumental in bringing prominence to green political parties on both the national and international stages.

The first Planetary Meeting of the Greens was held in Rio de Janeiro on May 30–31, 1992 in conjunction with the Rio Earth Summit being concurrently held in Brazil.[4] It was here that the first ever Global Greens statement was issued, beginning with this preface:

Petra Kelly, a German ecofeminist and green politics thinker who founded the German Green Party in 1980

"Experience teaches us that governments are only moved to take environmental problems seriously when people vote for environmental political parties."[5]

The first Global Greens Congress was held in Canberra, Australia, in 2001. The official Global Greens Charter was issued here, and the Congress delegates set up the framework and organizational structures that would build the Global Greens into an ongoing international network and movement, including the Global Greens Coordination. In 2010, the first Global Greens Secretary was appointed.[3]

Global Greens Charter

The Global Greens Charter is the guiding document that establishes the principles and "core values" to which member parties and associated organizations should attempt to adhere.[6] It sets out global principles that cross boundaries to bind Greens from around the world together:

  1. Participatory Democracy
  2. Nonviolence
  3. Social Justice
  4. Sustainability
  5. Respect for Diversity
  6. Ecological Wisdom

Priorities outlined in the Charter include reforming the dominant economic model, tackling climate change, ending the hunger crisis, promoting vibrant democracy, working for peace, protecting biodiversity.

The Global Greens Charter has been reviewed and updated twice during Global Greens Congresses since its original publishing in 2001: once in Dakar, Senegal in 2012, and again in Liverpool, UK, in 2017. The updated 2017 version is offered in English, and past versions can be accessed in 11 various languages.[7]

Regional Federations of the Global Greens

The Global Greens are organized into four regional federations across the world:

Global Greens Coordination

The Global Greens has a 12-member steering committee called the Global Greens Coordination.[8] The makeup of this committee stems from three elected members from each of the four regional federations, supported by three alternates who can stand in when needed.

Global Greens Congress

The Global Greens have held four Congresses since 2001 in various locations around the world:

  1. 2001 - Canberra, Australia
  2. 2008 - São Paulo, Brazil
  3. 2012 - Dakar, Senegal
  4. 2017 - Liverpool, UK[9]

The Global Greens strives to achieve regional diversity and representation, encouraging Congress locations to represent the wide geographical spread of the organization's member parties and organizations. The next Global Greens Congress will be held in 2023. It will be hosted by the Green Party Korea in Seoul.[10]

Networks

Federation of Young European Greens demonstration in Copenhagen, during the Climate Summit 2009.

The Global Greens have five networks designed to enable global collaboration, communication and community among member parties and organizations:

  • Friends of Global Greens
    • This network is composed of Green parties, parliamentarians and activists who make recurring donations of any amount to the Global Greens.[11]
  • Global Greens LGBT+ Network
    • This network aims to:
      1. "Support LGBT+ groups within Green Parties around the world to work together and support each other;
      2. Support Green Parties looking to set up LGBT+ groups, and;
      3. Promote LGBT+ equality as outlined in the Global Greens Charter."[12]
  • Global Greens Parliamentarians Network
    • This network is composed of Green Members of Parliament from Global Greens member parties and works to fulfil the following objectives:
      1. "To be active, in a coordinated manner, in our parliaments on issues of identified global concern, in order to influence the governments of our countries, and the public whom we represent, to the goals specifically identified by the Global Greens;
      2. To develop a mutually-reinforcing and mutually-supportive network of MPs, as individuals, to help us each to become most effective in our parliamentary action, and realise our potential as movers of positive global change, and;
      3. To achieve positive change for Green goals at the global and regional levels through the strengthening of international institutions, including more parliamentarian representation and decision-making influence in those bodies."[13]
  • Global Greens Women's Network
    • This network supports the participation of Green women worldwide in democratic political processes, by focusing on:
      1. "Capacity building and empowerment: training and developing skills, such as public speaking and leadership;
      2. Governance and participation: confronting inequalities at the organizational level and exchanging best practices to tackle them and promote participation;
      3. Campaigning about major topics relevant to women: such as gender justice and climate change, and;
      4. Carrying out formal functions as part of global Greens governance: e.g. nominating women to the Asia-Pacific Greens Federation (APGF) Council."[14]
  • Global Young Greens
    • This network is a "youth-led organization supporting and uniting the efforts of young people from a green-alternative spectrum around the world. It works towards (1) ecological sustainability, (2) social justice, (3) grassroots democracy and (4) peace."[15]

Global Greens Ambassadors

The Global Greens Coordination appointed Christine Milne AO as the first Global Greens Ambassador in 2015. Milne was appointed as Global Greens Ambassador in recognition of her considerable expertise in climate change and as an elected member of state and federal parliaments, including as Leader of the Australian Greens.

Member parties

  At least one full member party supports or participates in national government.
  At least one full member party is present in the national legislature.
  At least one full member party is present.
  At least one associate member party is present.

Member parties in the Americas

Waist high portrait of three middle aged people in the library of what could be a boat or other confined space.
Marina Silva with Thomas Lovejoy and Stephen Schneider in April 2010

Affiliated members in North, Central and South America form the Federation of the Green Parties of the Americas.[16]

Jill Stein and Ajamu Baraka in August 2016.
Country Name National/Federal Government State/Municipal Government Notes
 ArgentinaPartido VerdeExtraparliamentary oppositionIn opposition in Tierra del Fuego
 BoliviaPartido Verde de Bolivia
 BrazilPartido VerdeJunior party in coalitionThe party is represented in several state legislatures.in coalition 2003–2008
 CanadaGreen Party of Canada/Parti vert du CanadaIn oppositionHouse of Commons: (2). Provincial: British Columbia (2 members), New Brunswick (3), Ontario (2), Prince Edward Island (2). Municipal: Vancouver City Council (2).
 ChilePartido Ecologista Verde de Chilein oppositionTwo seats on regional boards.One seat in the Chamber of Deputies.
 ColombiaAlianza VerdeJunior party in coalitionClaudia López Hernández, a green, is mayor of Bogota. The party also has 3 regional governors and several mayors.
 MexicoPartido Ecologista Verde de MéxicoSupporting coalitionRepresented in several regional parliamentsThe party is criticized for its alleged corruption.[17]
 PeruPartido Verde Peru
 United StatesGreen Party of the United StatesExtraparliamentary oppositionThe party has representation on the Portland, Maine and Madison city councils, and several smaller ones.The party was formerly represented in the Arkansas, California, Maryland, New Jersey, and Maine state legislatures, as well as the Minneapolis and Laredo city councils.[18]
 VenezuelaMovimiento Ecológico de VenezuelaExtraparliamentary opposition

Member parties in Asia and Oceania

Bob Brown at a climate change rally in Melbourne on 5 July 2008

Affiliated members in Asia, Pacific and Oceania form the Asia Pacific Greens Federation.[19]

James Shaw, Minister for Climate Change (New Zealand), 2019.
Country Name National/Federal Government State/Municipal Government Notes
 AustraliaAustralian GreensIn opposition (crossbench)In coalition government in A.C.T., represented in all states and territory Parliaments aside from NT
Represented in numerous local/city governments		 Formerly in coalition in Tasmania from 2010–14
 BangladeshGreen Party of BangladeshExtraparliamentary oppositionunknown
 IndiaIndia Greens PartyExtraparliamentary opposition
Uttarakhand Parivartan Party (UKPP)Extraparliamentary opposition
 IraqGreen Party of IraqExtraparliamentary opposition
 JapanGreens JapanExtraparliamentary oppositionKazumi Inamura, a green, is mayor of Amagasaki
 South KoreaGreen Party of KoreaExtraparliamentary oppositionunknown
 LebanonGreen Party of LebanonExtraparliamentary opposition
 MongoliaMongolian Green PartyExtraparliamentary opposition
   NepalHariyali Nepal Party

Extraparliamentary opposition
   NepalHariyo Party

Extraparliamentary opposition
 New ZealandGreen Party of Aotearoa New ZealandIn oppositionThe party endorsed the current mayor of Wellington Tory Whanau, and is represented on local councils in its own right in Wellington, Dunedin, and Palmerston North, and in Auckland through the City Vision joint ticket.Formerly in coalition/Cooperation agreement/Confidence and supply in New Zealand from 1999–2002, 2005-2008, 2017-2023
 PakistanGreen Party of Pakistanunknownunknown
 Republic of China (Taiwan)Green Party TaiwanExtraparliamentary oppositionRepresented in Hsinchu County[20]
Trees PartyExtraparliamentary opposition

Member parties in Africa

Wangari Maathai, Kenya.
Frank Habineza, Leader of the African Greens Federation since 2008.

Affiliated parties in Africa form the Federation of Green Parties of Africa.

Country Name National/Federal Government State/Municipal Government Notes
 AngolaPartido Nacional Ecológico de Angolaunknownunknown
 BeninLes Verts du BeninExtraparliamentary Opposition
 Burkina FasoParti Ecologiste pour le Développement du Burkinaunknown
Rally of the Ecologists of Burkina
 BurundiBurundi Green Movement
 Central African RepublicMouvement des Verts de Centrafique
 ChadUnion des Ecologistes Tchadiens - LES VERTS
 Democratic Republic of the CongoRassemblement des écologistes congolaisExtraparliamentary OppositionRepresented in parliament 2006–11
 EgyptEgyptian Greensunknown
 GabonParti Vert Gabonais/Gabon Green Party
 GhanaGhana Green Movement
 GuineaParti des Ecologistes Guineens
 Ivory CoastParti Ecologique Ivoirien
 KenyaMazingira Green PartyExtraparliamentary opposition
 MadagascarMadagascar Green Partyunknown
 MaliParti Ecologiste du Mali
 MauritiusLes Verts FraternelsExtraparliamentary oppositionIn coalition 2005–10.
 MoroccoLes Vertsunknown
 MozambiqueEcological Party of MozambiqueExtraparliamentary oppositionExtraparliamentary opposition
 NigerRassemblement pour un Sahel Vertunknownunknown
 NigeriaGreen Party of Nigeria
 RwandaDemocratic Green Party of RwandaIn opposition
 SenegalLes VertsExtraparliamentary oppositionRepresented in parliament between 2007 and 2012
 Sierra LeoneSierra Leone Green Partyunknown
 SomaliaDemocratic Green Party of Somalia
 South AfricaSouth African Green Alliance
 TogoAfrique Togo Ecologie
 TunisiaTunisie VerteExtraparliamentary opposition
 UgandaEcological Party of Ugandaunknown
 ZambiaNational Revolution Green Party Zambia

Member parties in Europe

Affiliated members in Europe form the European Green Party.

Femke Halsema, 2010; mayor of Amsterdam since 2018
Country Name National/Federal Government State/Municipal Government European Parliament Notes
 AlbaniaGreen Party of AlbaniaExtraparliamentary oppositionin opposition 34 local councillors, 8 in urban municipalities and 26 in rural municipalities[21]Not an EU member
 AndorraPartit Verds d'AndorraExtraparliamentary oppositionThe party hasn't participated in recent local electionsNot an EU member
 AustriaDie GrünenJunior party in coalitionin coalition in Upper Austria, Carinthia, Tyrol, Salzburg and VorarlbergIn opposition
 BelgiumEcoloJunior party in coalitionSenior party in coalition in Wallonia and Brussels-Capital RegionIn oppositionForm one Parliamentary group in the Federal Parliament
GroenJunior party in coalitionIn opposition in FlandersIn opposition
 BulgariaZelena PartijaExtraparliamentary oppositionunknownExtraparliamentary opposition
 CyprusMovement of Ecologists – Citizens' CooperationIn oppositionExtraparliamentary opposition
 Czech RepublicStrana zelenýchExtraparliamentary oppositionExtraparliamentary oppositionIn coalition 2006–10
 EstoniaEstonian GreensExtraparliamentary opposition2 local government seats out of the nationwide 1717, both in Antsla.Extraparliamentary opposition
 FinlandVihreät/De GrönaIn oppositionRepresented in several municipalities. It has the second largest group of councillors in HelsinkiIn oppositionIn coalition 1995–2003, 2007–2014, 2019-2023
 FranceEurope Écologie–Les VertsIn oppositionSenior coalition partner in Grenoble, Lyon, Bordeaux, Strasbourg, Marseille and Besançon. Also in coalition in Occitanie, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Centre-Val de Loire and Paris, Nantes, Rennes.In oppositionIn coalition 1997–2002, 2012–14, represented in parliament 1997-2017
 GeorgiaSakartvelo's Mtsvaneta Partia/Green Party of GeorgiaunknownunknownNot an EU member
 GermanyBündnis '90/Die GrünenJunior party in coalitionSenior coalition partner in the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg, also junior coalition party in 10 of 16 states. Senior coalition partner in the cities of Stuttgart, Darmstadt, Freiburg im Breisgau and Heidelbergin oppositionin coalition 1998–2005
 GreeceEcologoi Prasinoi/Ecologist GreensExtraparliamentary oppositionRepresented in 4/13 Regional CouncilsExtraparliamentary opposition
 HungaryLehet Más a PolitikaIn opposition54 seats in local city councilsIn opposition
 Ireland
 United Kingdom (NI)		Green Party/Comhaontas GlasJunior party in coalition44 councillors in ROI local government, 7 in NI local government2 MEPsIn coalition in ROI 2007–2011, 2020–present
 ItalyGreen EuropeIn oppositionJunior member of the governing coalition in Emilia-Romagna and CampaniaExtraparliamentary opposition
Verdi–Grüne–VërcExtraparliamentary oppositionThe party has 3 members in the Landtag of South Tyrol.Extraparliamentary oppositionPart of the Federazione dei Verdi before 2013
 LuxembourgDéi GréngIn oppositionChristiane Brassel-Rausch, a green, is mayor of DifferdangeIn opposition
 MaltaAD+PDExtraparliamentary oppositionExtraparliamentary opposition
 MoldovaPartidul Ecologist "Alianța Verde" din MoldovaunknownunknownNot an EU member
 NetherlandsDe GroenenExtraparliamentary opposition1 of 26 seats in the water board of Amstel, Gooi en VechtExtraparliamentary opposition
 NetherlandsGroenLinksIn oppositionSenior coalition partner in North Holland, Groningen and Utrecht; junior partner in five other provinces. It is represented in most municipalities, it has the largest group of councillors in Nijmegen, Utrecht, Groningen and Amsterdam and is the senior government party there. It has 9 of 316 mayors,[22] including Femke Halsema of Amsterdam.in opposition
 North MacedoniaDemokratska Obnova na MakedonijaJunior party in coalitionunknownNot an EU member
 NorwayMiljøpartiet De GrønneIn oppositionIn coalition in Oslo and Trondheim, represented in other big citiesin opposition
 PolandPartia ZieloniIn oppositionRepresented in the regional parliaments of Silesia and West Pomerania, and the city councils of Warsaw and OpoleExtraparliamentary opposition
 PortugalPartido Ecologista Os VerdesExtraparliamentary oppositionin coalition in some municipalities (with Portuguese Communist Party)Extraparliamentary opposition
 RomaniaGreen Party of RomaniaExtraparliamentary opposition2 mayor, 5 deputy-mayor, 117 local council memberExtraparliamentary opposition
 RussiaZelenaya Alternativa (GROZA)unknown unknownNot an EU member
 ScotlandScottish Green PartyCooperation agreement, with two ministers outside of cabinetThe party has 35 councillors across Scotland most notably 10 in Edinburgh and 10 in Glasgow Not an EU member
 SlovakiaStrana ZelenýchExtraparliamentary oppositionunknownExtraparliamentary oppositionRepresented in parliament between 1990 and 2002
 SloveniaStranka mladih Slovenije/Youth Party of SloveniaExtraparliamentary oppositionExtraparliamentary opposition
 SpainEquo1 deputy elected under the banner of Más PaísIn coalition in Valencia and BarcelonaIn opposition
 SwedenMiljöpartiet de GrönaConfidence and supplyRepresented in several municipalities, especially in urban areas.In opposition
  SwitzerlandGreen Party of SwitzerlandIn oppositionJunior party in coalition cabinet in 7 cantons. Also in coalition in Bern, Geneva, Zurich, or Basel-City.Not an EU member
 TurkeyGreen Left PartyExtraparliamentary oppositionunknownNot an EU memberThe party works inside HDP
 UkrainePartija Zelenych Ukrajiny/Party of Greens of UkraineExtraparliamentary oppositionunknownNot an EU member
 United Kingdom (EnglandWalesEngland and Wales)Green Party of England and WalesThe party is represented in parliament by one MP and two life peersThe party has 766 councillors in English and Welsh councils, and has majority control in Mid Suffolk, as well as being in coalition in several other councils. It also has 3 London AMsNot an EU memberThe party dominated the Brighton and Hove City Council between 2011 and 2015.

Observers and associate member parties

Tim Jackson, author of Prosperity Without Growth.
Country Name Government Notes
 AustraliaFederation for a Democratic ChinaExtraparliamentary Opposition
 BelarusBelarusian Party "The Greens"
 BulgariaZelenite/The Greens
 Costa RicaCartago Green PartyRepresented at the local level
 DenmarkSocialistisk FolkepartiParliamentary supportIn coalition 2011–14
 Dominican RepublicPartido Verde DominicanoExtraparliamentary Opposition
 French GuianaLes Verts de Guyane
 GuatemalaPartido Los Verdes de Guatemalaunknown
 IndonesiaAtjeh Green PartyExtraparliamentary Opposition
Indonesian Green Party
   NepalHariyali Nepal Party
 NicaraguaVerdes en Alianzaunknown
 PhilippinesPhilippines Greens
 RussiaGreen RussiaExtraparliamentary Opposition
 SerbiaZeleni Srbije/Greens of SerbiaJunior party in coalition
 Sri LankaSri Lanka Green AllianceExtraparliamentary Opposition

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Global Greens Secretariat established in Brussels, Europe". globalgreens.org. 25 March 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  2. 1 2 "Green Parties around the world | Global Greens". Archived from the original on 2014-10-20. Retrieved 2014-10-15.
  3. 1 2 "WHO WE ARE". Global Greens. 2011-04-20. Archived from the original on 2019-07-07. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  4. ↑ "Global Green Party History Chronology - 1992". Global Greens. 2008-08-02. Archived from the original on 2019-07-14. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  5. ↑ "Final Statement of the First Planetary Meeting of Greens in Rio de Janeiro, 31 May 1992". Global Greens. 1992-05-31. Archived from the original on 2019-04-29. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  6. ↑ "Global Greens Charter". globalgreens.org. 15 December 2007. Archived from the original on 14 May 2008. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  7. ↑ "Global Greens Charter". Global Greens. 2007-12-15. Archived from the original on 2019-10-23. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  8. ↑ "Global Greens Coordination". Global Greens. 2009-05-28. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  9. ↑ "Previous congresses". Global Greens. 2016-10-10. Archived from the original on 2019-02-13. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  10. ↑ "Korea 2022". Global Greens. Retrieved 2021-05-31.
  11. ↑ "Friends of the Global Greens (FRoGG)". Global Greens. 2014-02-06. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  12. ↑ "Global Greens LGBT+ Network". Global Greens LGBT+ Network. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  13. ↑ "Parliamentarians Association (GGPA)". Global Greens. 2016-01-29. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  14. ↑ "Women's Network (GGWN)". Global Greens. 2016-01-29. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  15. ↑ "Global Young Greens (GYG)". Global Greens. 2016-01-29. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  16. ↑ "GG Member". Global Greens. Retrieved 2024-01-07.
  17. ↑ Tim Johnson, For Mexico's Ecologist Green Party, 'green' mostly means money, not environment, McClatchy Newspapers (June 18, 2012).
  18. ↑ "Greens in Office". GPUS Elections Database. Retrieved 2022-04-29.
  19. ↑ "Members of APGF". Asia Pacific Greens. 2013-09-12. Retrieved 2020-09-25.
  20. ↑ "18年來首次！綠黨攻下兩席市議員 – 政治 – 自由時報電子報". ltn.com.tw. 30 November 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  21. ↑ "Partia e Gjelbër është e përfaqësuar me këshilltarë lokal në 8 Bashki dhe 26 Komuna". Archived from the original on 2013-01-14. Retrieved 2012-11-04.
  22. ↑ "Landelijk overzicht burgemeestersposten (Kroonbenoemde burgemeesters)". Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations (in Dutch). May 4, 2022.
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