This page is a glossary of Colombian music.

A

  • agüelulo – A teenage gathering, originally held in private homes and then larger spaces; a teenager who frequented such a place was a agüelero or sometimes a cocacolos, after the main beverage drunk at agüelulos, Coca-Cola[1]
  • música andina – An early national style of the 19th and early 20th centuries, developed from the Andean interior[1]
  • música antillana – A kind of popular dance music based on Cuban and Puerto Rican styles[1]
  • audición: literally listening, can refer to a "special musical tribute to the career of a particular artist or group", performed before the beginning of a concert[1]

B

  • baile – Literally, dance, dances are alphabetized under their descriptor, e.g. baile de cuota is alphabetized under cuota
  • bambuco – An Andean style of dance music, perceived as a national music in the early 20th century,[2] or an Andean lyric music performed along with pasillo as a common part of the música andina repertoire[1]
  • balada – In popular music, refers to a kind of "Spanish romantic popular music", found across Latin America[1]
  • bandola – A stringed instrument similar to a mandolin, used in llanera[2] and musica andina[1]
  • bandolin – A larger relative of the bandola[2]
  • bingo bailable – a dance that includes bingo games and salsa music[1]
  • bolero – A loose term for love ballads[1]
  • bombo – A drum used in folklore groups on the Atlantic coast, laid with sticks and used to start a performance by calling on the other drums to perform;[2] a bass drum used in traditional cumbia ensembles[1]
  • bugalú – An early form of New York salsa, popular in Colombia during the 1960s, a fusion of son with rhythm and blues[1]
  • bullerengue – A Costeño form, performed by flute-and-drum ensembles[1]
  • The Colombian Mambo – the Colombian men would go to clubs and dance with each other until their legs fell off.

C

  • caja vallenata – A vallenato drum originally made from goatskin[2]
  • calle de las salsotecas – Literally, salsoteca street, referring to Calle 44, a three-mile-long road in Cali, referring to the numerous salsotecas and tabernas along the street, known for featuring salsa dura and Cuban music during the 1980s and 90s[1]
  • caballo – A rhythmic pattern played on the conga[1]
  • camaján – An alternate term for the pachuco[1]
  • campana – A cowbell[1]
  • campanero – A performer of the cowbell, notably played by audience members along with the on-stage performer[1]
  • capachos – Maracas[2]
  • música caribeña – A rarely used synonym for música antillana[1]
  • carrilera – A form of guitar-based music from the Antioquia province, associated "with the urbanizing peasant or working class"[1]
  • carrito – Small, streetside vendors of recorded music[1]
  • carrizo – A form of Colombian folk flute[2]
  • caseta – A dance hall[1]
  • cencerro – A timbales cowbell[1]
  • champeta – A form of rootsy music from the Atlantic coastal city of Cartagena, where an Afro-Colombian population developed the style;[2] an Afro-Colombian style associated with Cartagena and Barranquilla, which combines elements of African pop, soca, zouk, mbaqanga and soukous[1]
  • champús bailable – A Caleño tradition of house parties, which began in the 1930s and were usually held on Sundays;[1] champú, a beverage made from pineapple, corn, bitter orange leaves and a fruit called lulo[1]
  • chandé – A Costeño form, performed by flute-and-drum ensembles[1]
  • chirimía – A kind of ensemble found in the northwest corner of Chocó province[1]
  • chucu-chucu – An alternate term for raspa[1]
  • cokacolo – A teenage dancer at a agüelulo[1]
  • contrapunteo – An improvised, verbal duel[2]
  • música colombiana – Colombian music, formerly understood to refer to música andina in the 19th and early 20th century, when that style was perceived as a national music
  • baile de cuota – A type of dance party in Cali's working-class neighborhoods during the mid-20th century[1]
  • cuatro – A small guitar, used in llanera[2]
  • currulao – A marimba-based music found along the southwest littoral Valle, Cauca and Nariño provinces of Colombia, as well as Esmeraldas in Ecuador[1]
  • cumbia – A form of nation music, originally from the Atlantic coast and characterized by a "solidly grounded and complex layered rhythm with an airily syncopated melody"[2]

E

  • empanada bailable – An alternate term for champú bailable, referring to the empanadas often served

F

  • fandango – A Costeño song form, performed by flute-and-drum ensembles[1]
  • festivales – Community dances in Cali, held in neighborhood dance halls or pavilions[1]
  • fiesta patronales – Saints days[1]
  • flauto de millo – See millo, flauto de

G

  • gaita – A folk flute;[2] a Costeño form, performed by flute-and-drum ensembles;[1] conjunto de gaita is a traditional cumbia ensemble[1]
  • guabina – A kind of música andina[1]
  • guacharaca – A scraper, common in vallenato
  • guache – Rattles made from filling metal or gourd tubes with seeds[2]
  • guateque – Originally a Cuban word referring to a rural campesino party, which came to refer to a form of salsa dura, characterized by "slow, grinding son montunos with heavy bass and percussion; associated also with El guateque de la salsa (The Salsa Party), a popular radio show from 1989 to 1993[1]

I

  • música de la interior – An Andean style, often used synonymously with bambuco, characterized by a gentle and melodic sound and a well-developed melody at the expense of rhythmic complexity[2]

J

  • joropo – Originally a folk dance performed in honor of saints days and other special occasions, such as birthdays and baptism;[2] now more often a generic word for llanera based dance music;[2] a courtship dance associated with central Colombia and that region's cowboy culture, a "dynamic, polyrhythmic mestizo style that fuses Andalusian, African and indigenous elements"[1]

K

  • kiosco – A community pavilion, used for musical performances[1]
  • kuisi – an indigenous flute made from a hollowed cactus stem, with a beeswax and charcoal powder mixture for the head, with a quill made from a goose or turkey feather for the mouthpiece. There are male and female versions of the pipe (or gaita in Spanish), the female kuisi bunsi (or gaita hembra) with 5 holes, and the male kuisi sigi (or gaita macho) with two.[3]

L

  • llamador – A drum, traditionally used in cumbia as well as modern música tropical[1]
  • llanera – A form of harp-led music[2]

M

  • marimbula – A low-pitched thumb piano[2]
  • flauto de millo – A folk clarinet of the Atlantic coast[2]
  • melómano – A "music aficionado"[1]
  • música – Literally music, music forms are alphabetized by their descriptor, e.g. música antillana is alphabetized under antillana

N

  • música de negros – Literally black people's music, a pejorative term used by the elite to deride musics such as música antillana[1]
  • nueva ola – Literally new wave, a kind of pop-balada performed by romantic crooners, which peaked in the 1960s and 70s[1]

O

  • orquesta – A dance band[1]
  • orquesta femenina – An all-female dance ensemble[1]
  • orquesta infantile – An all-child dance ensemble[1]
  • orquesta juvenile – An all-youth dance ensemble[1]

P

  • pachanga – An early form of New York salsa, popular in Colombia during the 1960s, especially in the city of Cali[4]
  • pachuco – An iconic figure, a "ruffian and a hustler... an antihero", especially important in the culture surrounding the Zona de tolerancia[1]
  • parrandero – A typical lyrical focus of the more macho side of popular cumbia, referring to a boasting, aggressive and sexual "party-going man"[2]
  • pasillo – A lyric song form from the Andean region[1]
  • el paso Caleño – A traditional dance step from the city of Cali, characterized by a "rapid 'double-time' shuffle on the tips of the toes"[1]
  • pasta americana – Carrito slang referring to the thicker and higher quality vinyl of American records
  • picó – Derived from the English pickup, a large sound system among DJs in Cartagena and Barranquilla during the 1980s[1]
  • pop tropical – A form of mid-1990s pop-salsa[1]
  • porro – A music genre. A village brass band;[2] a song form performed by the flute-and-drum ensembles of the Atlantic coast region, as well as mid-20th century urban dance orquestas[1]

R

S

  • salsa – A Spanish Caribbean dance music created in New York City using elements of Afro-Cuban and Puerto Rican music, a combination known in Colombia as musica antillana[1]
  • salsíbiri – A term coined by Fruko to describe his own style[1]
  • salsómano – A salsa fan[1]
  • salsoteca – A venue that plays salsa
  • serenata – A pan-Latin tradition of street serenades performed by small groups of instrumentalists, especially guitarists[1]

T

  • tambor hembra – The lead drum of the Atlantic coast drum choirs[2]
  • tambor macho – A conga-like drum that leads the basic rhythm of the Atlantic coast drum choirs[2]
  • terapia – An alternate term for champeta[1]
  • musica tropical – A form of salsa-based music innovated by Joe Arroyo;[2] a form of dance music based on various Atlantic coast genres[1]
  • tiple – A small stringed instrument, used in llanera[2] and musica andina[1]

V

  • vallenato – A form of accordion-based music, related to música tropical and cumbia, and originally associated with the Atlantic Coast
  • vallenato-protesta – A form of vallenato-based protest song[2]
  • verbena – Free street parties held during the December Feria and sponsored by the city of Cali[1]
  • viejoteca – Dance parties, originally appearing in 1993 for senior citizens but later appealing to middle-aged partygoers and finally abandoning any age restrictions; these viejotecas became associated with a revival of the agüelulos and nightclub scenes of the 1960s and 70s; originally from Cali, viejotecas have spread to Medellin and Cartagena[1]

Z

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 Wazer, Lise A. (2002). The City of Musical Memory: Salsa, Record Grooves, and Popular Culture in Cali, Colombia. Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press. ISBN 0-8195-6441-9.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Burton, Kim. "El Sonido Dorado". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, pp 372-385. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 1-85828-636-0
  3. ↑ Sturman, Janet L. (2003). "Technology and Identity in Colombian Popular Music". In René T.A., Lysloff; Leslie C., Gay (eds.). Music and technoculture (illustrated ed.). Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press. pp. 153–180. ISBN 0-8195-6514-8. Retrieved 2009-08-16.
  4. ↑ Waxer, pg. 92; Waxer cites the Cali claim to Helio Orovo, from personal communication on May 31, 1996
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