This is a list of the heads of state of Uganda, from the independence of Uganda in 1962 to the present day.

From 1962 to 1963, the head of state under the Constitution of 1962 was the Queen of Uganda, Elizabeth II, who was also the Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms. The queen was represented in Uganda by a governor-general. Uganda became a republic within the Commonwealth under a 1963 constitutional amendment and the monarch and governor-general were replaced by a ceremonial president, which was replaced by an executive presidency in 1966.

Monarchy (1962–1963)

The succession to the throne was the same as the succession to the British throne.

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Reign Royal house Prime minister(s)
Reign start Reign end Duration
1 Queen Elizabeth II
(1926–2022)		 9 October 1962 9 October 1963 1 year Windsor Obote

Governor-general

The governor-general was the representative of the monarch in Uganda and exercised most of the powers of the monarch. The governor-general was appointed for an indefinite term, serving at the pleasure of the monarch. Since Uganda was granted independence by the Uganda Independence Act 1962, rather than being first established as a semi-autonomous dominion and later promoted to independence as defined by the Statute of Westminster 1931, the governor-general was to be always appointed solely on the advice of the Cabinet of Uganda without the involvement of the British government. As Uganda became a republic before Walter Coutts, the former colonial governor, was replaced, this has never happened. In the event of a vacancy the chief justice would have served as the officer administering the government.

Status
  Denotes chief justice acting as officer administering the government
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Monarch Prime minister(s)
Took office Left office Time in office
1 Walter Coutts
(1912–1988)		 9 October 1962 9 October 1963 1 year Elizabeth II Obote

First Republic (1963–1971)

Under the 1963 constitutional amendment establishing the Republic of Uganda, the president replaced the monarch as ceremonial head of state. The president and vice-president were elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term from among the traditional rulers and constitutional heads of districts.[1]

In 1966, the powers of the president were increased, with the establishment of the executive presidency, but the same rules applied concerning the vacancy of the president. It also applied to the 1967 and 1995 constitutions.

Status

  Denotes prime minister acting as president
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Elected Term of office Political party Prime minister(s)
Took office Left office Time in office
1 Edward Mutesa
(1924–1969)		 1963 9 October 1963 2 March 1966
(deposed.)		 2 years, 144 days Kabaka Yekka Obote
2 Milton Obote
(1925–2005)		 — 2 March 1966 15 April 1966 44 days Uganda People's Congress Himself
15 April 1966 25 January 1971
(deposed.)		 4 years, 285 days Position abolished

Second Republic (1971–1979)

General (later field marshal) Idi Amin led a coup d'état that overthrew President Obote and his government and installed himself as president.

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Military Prime minister(s)
Took office Left office Time in office
3 Idi Amin
(1925–2003)		 25 January 1971 11 April 1979
(deposed.)		 8 years, 76 days Uganda Army Position abolished

Third Republic (1979–1985)

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Elected Term of office Political party Prime minister(s)
Took office Left office Time in office
4 Yusuf Lule
(1912–1985)		 — 13 April 1979 20 June 1979
(deposed.)		 68 days Independent
(UNLF)		 Position abolished
5 Godfrey Binaisa
(1920–2010)		 — 20 June 1979 12 May 1980
(deposed.)		 327 days Uganda People's Congress
(UNLF)
6 Paulo Muwanga
(1921–1991)		 — 12 May 1980 22 May 1980
(resigned.)		 10 days
7 Presidential Commission — 22 May 1980 15 December 1980 207 days —
(2) Milton Obote
(1925–2005)		 1980 17 December 1980 27 July 1985
(deposed.)		 4 years, 222 days Uganda People's Congress Allimadi

Military rule (1985–1986)

General Bazilio Olara-Okello led a coup d'état that overthrew President Obote and his government. Following the coup, Okello proclaimed himself president.

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Military Prime minister(s)
Took office Left office Time in office
7 General Bazilio Olara-Okello
(1929–1990)		 27 July 1985 29 July 1985
(resigned.)		 2 days Uganda National Liberation Front
(UNLF)		 Position vacant
8 General Tito Okello
(1914–1996)		 29 July 1985 26 January 1986
(deposed.)		 181 days Muwanga
Waligo

Fourth Republic (1986–present)

Under the Constitution of Uganda, the president is the executive head of state. The president is elected by popular vote for a five-year term. In the event of a vacancy, the vice president serves as acting president.[2]

Status

  Denotes vice president acting as president
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Elected Term of office Political party Prime minister(s)
Took office Left office Time in office
9 Yoweri Kaguta Museveni
(born 1944)		 1996
2001
2006
2011
2016
2021		 26 January 1986 Incumbent 37 years, 352 days National Resistance Movement Kisekka
Adyebo
Edlibert
Nsibambi
Mbabazi
Rugunda
Nabbanja

Timeline

Yoweri MuseveniTito OkelloBazilio Olara-OkelloPresidential Commission of UgandaPaulo MuwangaGodfrey BinaisaYusuf LuleIdi AminMilton OboteEdward Mutesa II

References

  1. ↑ Morris, H. F. (1966). "The Uganda Constitution, April 1966". Journal of African Law. 10 (2): 112–117. doi:10.1017/s0021855300004575. JSTOR 744686.
  2. ↑ "The Constitution | State House Uganda". www.statehouse.go.ug. Retrieved 15 February 2022.
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