A map of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty; it shows military campaigns of Muhammad Ali Pasha, including the Turco-Egyptian conquest of Sudan (light green).
_MAP_OF_EGYPT_AND_THE_SUDAN.jpg.webp)
A map of Mahdist State (green) in 1894, on the eve of the Anglo-Egyptian conquest of Sudan.
A map of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (orange) in 1912.
Standard of the Governor-General of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
The governors of pre-independence Sudan were the colonial administrators responsible for the territory of Turco-Egyptian Sudan and Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, an area equivalent to modern-day Sudan and South Sudan.
List
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
| Tenure | Portrait | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Turco-Egyptian Sudan | |||
| November 1820 to 1821 | Isma`il Kamel Pasha, Commander | ||
| April 1821 to September 1824 | Muhammad Bey Defterdar, Commander | ||
| September 1824 to May 1825 | Osman Bey Jarkas, Commander | ||
| May 1825 to March 1826 | Mahu Bey Urfali, Commander | ||
| March 1826 to 1835 | Ali Khurshid Agha, Governor | ||
| 1835 to June 1838 | Ali Khurshid Pasha, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| June 1838 to 6 October 1843 | Ahmad Pasha abu Widan, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| 1843 to 1845 | Ahmad Pasha Manikli (Manliki), Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| 1845 to 1850 | Khalid Khusraw Pasha, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| 1850 to January 1851 | 'Abd al-Latif Pasha, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| January 1851 to May 1852 | Rustum Pasha Jarkas, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| May 1852 to 1853 | Isma'il Haqqi Pasha abu Jabal, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| 1853 to 1854 | Salim Pasha Sa'ib al-Jaza'irli, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| July 1854 to November 1854 | Ali Pasha Sirri al-Arna'ut, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| 1854 to 1855 | Ali Pasha Jarkas, Governor | ||
| 1856 to 1858 | Arakil Bey al-Armani, Governor | ||
| 1859 to 1861 | Hasan Bey Salama Jarkas, Governor | ||
| 1861 to 1862 | Muhammad Rasikh Bey, Governor | ||
| 1862 to 1865 | Mūsā Pasha Ḥamdī, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| 1865 to November 1865 | 'Umar Bey Fakhri, acting Hakimdar | acting Governor-General | |
| November 1865 to 1866 | Ja'afar Pasha Sadiq, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| 1866 to 5 February 1871 | Ja'afar Pasha Mazhar, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| 5 February 1871 to October 1872 | Ahmad Mumtaz Pasha, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| October 1872 to 1872 | Edhem Pasha al-Arifi at-Atqalawi, acting Hakimdar | acting Governor-General | |
| 1872 to 18 May 1877 |  | Al-Zubayr Rahma Mansur, Hakimdar | Governor-General |
| May 1877 to December 1879 |  | Charles George Gordon ("Gordon Pasha"), Hakimdar | Governor-General, 1st time |
| December 1879 to February 1882 |  | Muhammad Rauf Pasha, Hakimdar | Governor-General |
| 4 March 1882 to 11 May 1882 |  | Carl Christian Giegler ("Giegler Pasha"), acting Hakimdar | acting Governor-General |
| May 1882 to March 1883 | 'Abd al-Qadir Pasha Hilmi, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| March 1883 to 5 November 1883 | 'Ala al-Din Pasha Siddiq, Hakimdar | Governor-General | |
| February 1884 to 18 February 1884 | Henry Watts Russell de Coetlogon, acting Hakimdar | acting Governor-General | |
| 18 February 1884 to 26 January 1885 | | Charles George Gordon ("Gordon Pasha"), Hakimdar | Governor-General, 2nd time; Killed at the end of the Siege of Khartoum |
| 26 January 1885 to 2 October 1898 | Territory of Turkish Sudan under complete control of Mahdiyah (Mahdist State) | ||
| Mahdist State | |||
| 29 June 1881 to 22 June 1885 |  | Muhammad Ahmad, Mahdi | Self-proclaimed Mahdi, Islamic Messiah |
| 22 June 1885 to 2 September 1898 |  | Abdallahi ibn Muhammad, Khalifa | Self-proclaimed Caliph, successor to Muhammad Ahmad; Defeated in the Battle of Omdurman, and later killed in the Battle of Umm Diwaykarat |
| British Military Administration | |||
| 2 September 1898 to 19 January 1899 | .jpg.webp) | Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, Military Governor | Simultaneously served as Sirdar |
| Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (condominium) | |||
| 19 January 1899 to 22 December 1899 | | Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, Governor-General | Simultaneously served as Sirdar |
| 22 December 1899 to 31 December 1916 |  | Sir Francis Reginald Wingate, Governor-General | Simultaneously served as Sirdar |
| 1 January 1917 to 20 November 1924 |  | Sir Lee Oliver Fitzmaurice Stack, Governor-General | Simultaneously served as Sirdar; assassinated in Cairo[1] |
| 21 November 1924 to 5 January 1925 | Wasey Sterry, acting Governor-General | ||
| 5 January 1925 to 6 July 1926 |  | Sir Geoffrey Francis Archer, Governor-General | The first civilian Governor-General[2] |
| 31 October 1926 to 10 January 1934 |  | Sir John Loader Maffey, Governor-General | |
| 10 January 1934 to 19 October 1940 |  | Sir George Stewart Symes, Governor-General | |
| 19 October 1940 to 8 April 1947 | Sir Hubert Jervoise Huddleston, Governor-General | ||
| 8 April 1947 to 29 March 1954 | Sir Robert George Howe, Governor-General | ||
| 29 March 1954 to 12 December 1955 |  | Sir Alexander Knox Helm, Governor-General | |
| 12 December 1955 to 1 January 1956 | Muhammad Ahmad Abu Rannat, acting Governor-General | Chief Justice of Sudan | |
| 1 January 1956 | Independence as Republic of the Sudan | ||
For continuation after independence, see: List of heads of state of Sudan
See also
References
- ↑ "The Assassination of Sir Lee Stack". The Townsville Daily Bulletin. 24 November 2014. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
- ↑ Ibrahim, Hassan Ahmed (2004). Sayyid ʻAbd al-Raḥmān al-Mahdī: a study of neo-Mahdīsm in the Sudan, 1899–1956. BRILL. p. 92. ISBN 90-04-13854-4.
External links
Governors-general of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan | ||
|---|---|---|
| Flag of Governor-General of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan | |
*acting | ||
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