Figure 1. This BLM map depicts the principal meridians and baselines used for surveying states (colored) in the PLSS.

This is a list of principal and guide meridians and base lines of the United States, with the year established and a brief summary of what areas' land surveys are based on each.

List of meridians

Primarily from the United States Government Printing Office Style Manual.[1] State names usually signify only parts of each listed state, unless otherwise indicated.

Based on the BLM manual's 1973 publication date, and the reference to Clarke's Spheroid of 1866 in section 2-82, coordinates appear to be in the NAD27 datum.

Principal Meridians

MeridianLongitudeAssociated BaselineLatitudeAdoptedArea surveyed
First principal84°48′11″W40°59′22″N1819[2] Ohio (NW)
Indiana (sliver of SE)
Second principal86°27′21″W38°28′14″N1805[2] Illinois (far E)
Indiana (almost all)
Third principal89°08′54″WCentralia38°28′27″N1805[2]Illinois (most)
Fourth principal90°27′11″WBeardstown40°00′50″N1815[2]Illinois (W of Illinois River and 3rd principal meridian)
Fourth principal (extended)90°25′37″WIllinois–Wisconsin border42°30′27″N1831[2] Minnesota (NE)
Wisconsin (all)
Fifth principal91°03′07″W34°38′45″N1815[3] Arkansas (all)
Iowa (all)
Minnesota (most)
Missouri (all)
North Dakota (all)
South Dakota (E half)
Sixth principal97°22′08″W40°00′07″N1855[4] Colorado (most)
Kansas (all)
Nebraska (all)
South Dakota (some of S)
Wyoming (most)
Black Hills104°03′16″WBlack Hills43°59′44″N1878[3]South Dakota (W)
Boise[1]116°23′35″W43°22′21″N1867[5]Idaho (all)
Chickasaw89°14′47″W35°01′58″N1833[6]Mississippi
Choctaw90°14′41″WChoctaw31°52′32″N1821[6]Mississippi
Cimarron103°00′07″W36°30′05″N1881[7]Oklahoma (panhandle)
Copper River145°18′37″W61°49′04″N1905[8]Alaska
Fairbanks147°38′25.949″W64°51′50.048″N1910[8]Alaska
Gila and Salt River112°18′19″W33°22′38″N1865[9]Arizona (most)
Humboldt124°07′10″W40°25′02″N1853[10]California
Huntsville86°34′16″W34°59′27″N1807[6] Alabama
Mississippi
Indian97°14′49″W34°29′32″N1870Oklahoma (most)[7]
Kateel River158°45′31.014″W65°26′16.374″N1956Alaska[8]
Louisiana92°24′55″W31°00′31″N1807[6]Louisiana
Michigan84°21′53″W42°25′28″N1815[2] Michigan
Ohio
Montana111°39′33″W45°47′13″N1867[11]Montana
Mount Diablo121°54′47″W37°52′54″N1851[10] California
Nevada
Navajo108°31′59″WNavajo35°44′56″N1869[1][9][12] Arizona (NE)
New Mexico (NW, formerly)
New Mexico principal106°53′12″W34°15′35″N1855[13] New Mexico
Colorado (SW)
St. Helena91°09′36″W30°59′56″N1819[6]Louisiana
St. Stephens88°01′20″WSt. Stephens30°59′51″N1805[6] Alabama
Mississippi
Salt Lake111°53′27″W40°46′11″N1855[14]Utah (most)
San Bernardino[10]116°55′48″W34°07′13″N1852[1][5] California
Arizona (some townships)
Seward149°21′26″W60°07′37″N1911[8]Alaska
Tallahassee84°16′38″W30°26′03″N1824[6] Florida
Alabama
Uintah109°56′06″W40°25′59″N1875[14]Utah (part of NE)
Umiat152°00′04.551″W69°23′29.654″N1956[8]Alaska
Ute108°31′59″W39°06′23″N1880[4]Colorado
Washington (Mississippi)91°09′36″W30°59′56″N1803[6]Mississippi
Willamette122°44′34″WWillamette45°31′11″N1851[15] Oregon
Washington
Wind River108°48′49″W43°00′41″N1875[4]Wyoming (part of W)

Guide Meridians

MeridianLongitudeAssociated BaselineLatitudeAdoptedArea surveyedNotes
Ashley guide meridianUtah[1]
Beaverhead guide meridianMontana[1]
Belt Mountain guide meridianMontana[1]
Big Hole guide meridianMontana[1]
Bitterroot guide meridianMontana[1]
Boulder guide meridianMontana[1]
Browning guide meridianMontana[1]
Buffalo Creek guide meridianMontana[1]
Carson River guide meridianNevada[1]
Castle Valley guide meridianUtah[1]
Colorado guide meridianUtah[1]
Columbia guide meridianWashington[1]
Colville guide meridianWashington[1]
Coulson guide meridianMontana[1]
Deer Lodge guide meridianMontana[1]
Deschutes meridianOregon[1]
Emery Valley guide meridianUtah[1]
Flathead guide meridianMontana[1]
Fort Belknap guide meridianMontana[1]
Fremont Valley guide meridianUtah[1]
Grand River guide meridianUtah[1]
Grande Ronde guide meridianOregon[1]
Green River guide meridianUtah[1]
Haystack Butte guide meridianMontana[1]
Helena guide meridianMontana[1]
Henry Mountain guide meridianUtah[1]
Horse Plains guide meridianMontana[1]
Humboldt River guide meridianNevada[1]
Jefferson guide meridianMontana[1]
Judith guide meridianMontana[1]
Kanab guide meridianUtah[1]
Kolob guide meridianUtah[1]
Little Porcupine guide meridianMontana[1]
Maginnis guide meridianMontana[1]
Musselshell guide meridianMontana[1]
New Mexico guide meridianNew Mexico and Colorado[1]
Panguitch guide meridianUtah[1]
Passamari guide meridianMontana[1]
Pine Valley guide meridianUtah[1]
Red Rock guide meridianMontana[1]
Reese River guide meridianNevada[1]
Ruby Valley guide meridianNevada[1]
Sevier Lake guide meridianUtah[1]
Shields River guide meridianMontana[1]
Smith River guide meridianMontana[1]
Snake Valley guide meridianUtah[1]
Square Butte guide meridianMontana[1]
Sweet Grass guide meridianMontana[1]
Teton guide meridianMontana[1]
Valley Creek guide meridianMontana[1]
Wah Wah guide meridianUtah[1]
Whatcom County guide meridian122°30'Willamette MeridianWhatcom County, Washington12 miles east of Willamette Meridian, much of which is in Salish Sea at this latitude.[16] Followed by Guide Road / Old Guide Road / Washington State Route 539 in Whatcom County, Meridian Street in Bellingham, Washington.
Willow Springs guide meridianUtah[1]
Yantic guide meridianMontana[1]
Yellowstone guide meridianMontana[1]

Ohio Lands

Some parts of the Ohio Lands (now Ohio) were laid out in survey townships, but based on other points not listed above:

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 "18. Geologic Terms and Geographic Divisions". Style Manual (29th ed.). United States: Government Printing Office. 2000. p. 346. Archived from the original on 2008-08-31. GPO stock number 021-000-00178-3 (paper).
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "pob". blm.gov. Archived from the original on 2013-02-22. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  3. 1 2 "5thpmnorth". blm.gov. Archived from the original on 2011-12-13. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  4. 1 2 3 "6pm". blm.gov. Archived from the original on 2012-08-14. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Part 5: Public Land Survey System". National Mapping Program Technical Instructions: Standards for USGS and USDA Forest Service Single Edition Quadrangle Maps (PDF) (Draft for Implementation ed.). March 2003. pp. 5A-2–5A-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-01-03. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "missalalou". blm.gov. Archived from the original on 2013-01-05. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  7. 1 2 "oklahoma". blm.gov. Archived from the original on 2013-02-22. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 "alaska". blm.gov. Archived from the original on 2011-12-20. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  9. 1 2 "arizona". blm.gov. Archived from the original on 2011-12-10. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  10. 1 2 3 "Calneva". blm.gov. Archived from the original on 2011-04-26. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  11. ↑ "Monatana". blm.gov. Archived from the original on 2015-03-15. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  12. ↑ Hubbard, Bill, Jr. (2009) "Navajo meridian, 1869" American Boundaries: The nation, the states, the rectangular survey University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p. 338, ISBN 978-0-226-35591-7
  13. ↑ "newmexico". blm.gov. Archived from the original on 2011-12-10. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  14. 1 2 "utah". blm.gov. Archived from the original on 2010-05-18. Retrieved 2012-01-03.
  15. ↑ "orewash". blm.gov.
  16. ↑ Bruce Ayers, Professional Land Surveyor, "Surveying terms: Willamette Meridian", official website, Bellingham, Washington: Ayers Consulting, retrieved February 25, 2021
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