Gynostemma
Gynostemma pentaphyllum
growing in potting soil
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Cucurbitales
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Tribe: Gomphogyneae
Genus: Gynostemma
Blume[1]
Species

See text

Gynostemma is a genus of perennial climbing vines in the cucumber, gourd, and melon family, comprising at least 19 species, all native to the tropical East or Far East, inclusive of the Himalayas: China (with 9 endemic); the islands of Japan; Malaysia; and New Guinea.[2] The term Gynostemma is derived from Ancient Greek γυνή meaning "woman" or "female",[3] and στέμμα meaning "wreath" or "garland".[3] In (post-)classical Latin the form stemma is attested as Greek loanword.[4][5] In Ancient Greek and Latin, stemma is of neuter gender.[3][4] German-Dutch botanist Carl Ludwig Blume described Gynostemma from two species he named:[6] G. pedata (later changed, to pedatum)[7] and G. simplicifolia (also later changed, to simplicifolium).[8] Neither species was clearly designated by him as the type; however, the former species, G. pedatum is now considered to be a synonym of G. pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino.[9] The genus was published in 1825, in Carl Ludwig von Blume's Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië ("Contributions to the flora of the Dutch East Indies").[1][6]

General description

All species of Gynostemma have tendrils (usually branching); most are dioecious. The leaves are usually in palmately arrayed leaflets (3–9, ovate-lanceolate in shape), arranged alternately on the stem; a few species are leaved, but without leaflets. Inflorescences are either racemose or paniculate. Fruits can be capsular or pea-like, containing two or three seeds.[2]

Selected species

  • Gynostemma aggregatum C.Y.Wu & S.K.Chen
  • Gynostemma burmanicum King ex Chakrav.
  • Gynostemma cardiospermum Cogn. ex Oliv.
  • Gynostemma caulopterum S.Z.He
  • Gynostemma compressum X.X.Chen & D.R.Liang
  • Gynostemma guangxiense X.X.Chen & D.H.Qin
  • Gynostemma intermedium W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes
  • Gynostemma laxiflorum C.Y.Wu & S.K.Chen
  • Gynostemma laxum (Wall.) Cogn.
  • Gynostemma longipes C.Y.Wu
  • Gynostemma microspermum C.Y.Wu & S.K.Chen
  • Gynostemma pallidinervee Z.Zhang
  • Gynostemma papuanum W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes
  • Gynostemma pentagynum Z.P.Wang
  • Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino
  • Gynostemma pubescens (Gagnep.) C.Y.Wu
  • Gynostemma simplicifolium Blume
  • Gynostemma yixingense (Z.P.Wang & Q.Z.Xie) C.Y.Wu & S.K.Chen
  • Gynostemma zhejiangense X.J.Xue
List source :[10]

References

  1. 1 2 Gynostemma was originally described and published in Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië 23. 1825. "Name - !Gynostemma Blume". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  2. 1 2 Shukun Chen; Charles Jeffrey. "Gynostemma". Flora of China. eFloras. 19. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  3. 1 2 3 Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  4. 1 2 Lewis, C.T. & Short, C. (1879). A Latin dictionary founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  5. ↑ Saalfeld, G.A.E.A. (1884). Tensaurus Italograecus. Ausführliches historisch-kritisches Wörterbuch der Griechischen Lehn- und Fremdwörter im Lateinischen. Wien: Druck und Verlag von Carl Gerold's Sohn, Buchhändler der Kaiserl. Akademie der Wissenschaften.
  6. 1 2 Original text by Carl Ludwig von Blume (1825). Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië. p. 23. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  7. ↑ "Name - Gynostemma pedatum Blume". Tropicos. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  8. ↑ "Name - !Gynostemma simplicifolium Blume". Tropicos. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  9. ↑ "TPL, treatment of Gynostemma pedatum". The Plant List; Version 1. (published on the internet). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden. 2010. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  10. ↑ "TPL, treatment of Gynostemma". Retrieved December 1, 2012.
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