HKL Class M100
A refurbished M100 train, July 2011
A refurbished M100 train, July 2011
Interior of a M100 carriage
Interior of a M100 carriage
ManufacturerValmet, Strömberg
AssemblyTampere, Finland
Constructed1977–1984
Entered service1982
Refurbished
Scrapped2021 (prototype "Nokkajuna" units)
Number built42 units
Number in service39 units
Number preserved1 car[1]
Number scrapped5 cars
Predecessor"Nokkajuna" (1977 prototype)
SuccessorM300
Formation2 cars
Fleet numbers101–184
Capacity118 seats, 130 seats (before second refurbishment)
OperatorsHelsinki City Transport
DepotsRoihupelto, Sammalvuori[2]
Lines servedHelsinki Metro: M1, M2
Specifications
Train length44.2 m (145 ft 3⁄16 in)
Car length22.1 m (72 ft 6+1⁄16 in)
Width3.2 m (10 ft 6 in)
Height3.6 m (11 ft 9+3⁄4 in)
Doors3 double doors per car
Wheel diameter840 mm (33 in)
Wheelbase2,200 mm (7 ft 2+5⁄8 in)
Maximum speed
  • 100 km/h (62 mph) (design)
  • 80 km/h (50 mph) (service)
Traction systemStrömberg SCRS–VVVF[3]
Traction motors8 × Strömberg HXUR/E 505G2 125 kW (168 hp) asynchronous 3-phase AC
Power output1 MW (1,300 hp)
Electric system(s)750 V DC third rail
UIC classificationBo′Bo′+Bo′Bo′
Multiple workingMechanically with all Helsinki Metro rolling stock
Track gauge1,522 mm (4 ft 11+29⁄32 in)[4]

The HKL Class M100 is the first and oldest class of metro trains in use on the Helsinki Metro. One train consists of two individually numbered cars. A total of 42 units (84 cars in total) were manufactured between 1977 and 1984.[5]

Up to six pairs can be combined into a 12-car train formation, however due to the relatively short length of the platforms (especially on the new Länsimetro extension), at most only two pairs (giving a 4-car formation per train; and prior to the Länsimetro opening in 2017 three pairs resulting in 6-car formations could also be seen during rush hour) can be combined for passenger service. Longer combinations are used in maintenance operations. Any Helsinki metro train types can be combined mechanically, such as for towing. The M100 series is the first train in the world to use VVVF propulsion inverters, developed and manufactured by Strömberg.[3]

The first three units (cars 101–106; nicknamed "nokkajuna", "beak trains") were constructed as prototypes in 1977 and had some minor technical differences compared to the later units. The prototype units were retired from service in 2021 and five of them were subsequently scrapped in Vantaa, with one unit preserved at the Helsinki City Museum.[1]

The M100s were refurbished twice: first in 2004–2009, at the Talgo Oy (now Škoda Transtech) rolling stock works at Otanmäki and secondly in 2019-2022 by VR FleetCare at its Ilmala depot,[6][7] to extend their lifetime until their planned retirement in 2030, by which time the class will be almost 50 years old.

Accidents and incidents

  • On 27 July 2016, M100 carriage no. 157 was involved in an accident with M300 unit no. 302 when the latter derailed near Itäkeskus metro station during testing.[8]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Näin murskaantuvat Helsingin ensimmäiset metrovaunut – nokkajunien oranssit penkit voivat päätyä betoniksi". Yleisradio Oy (in Finnish). Retrieved 29 January 2023.
  2. ↑ "Track and depot". Helsingin kaupunki. Retrieved 4 June 2019.
  3. 1 2 "AC induction motor drive in Helsinki Metro Cars" (PDF). Strömberg.
  4. ↑ "Perustietoja ja metroasemat" (in Finnish and English). Finnish Railway Society. Retrieved 30 August 2022. Gauge: 1522 mm
  5. ↑ Saarenaho, Ilari. "HKL: Metrovaunut 101–184 (1977–84) / HKL: Metro trains 101–184 (1977–84)". Suomen Raitiotieseura (in Finnish). Retrieved 3 June 2019.
  6. ↑ "M100-metrojunien peruskorjauksen hankesuunnitelma". City of Helsinki (in Finnish). Retrieved 4 June 2019.
  7. ↑ "VR Kunnossapito selätti kilpailijat HKL:n metrojunien urakassa". Promaint-lehti (in Finnish). Retrieved 4 June 2019.
  8. ↑ "R2016-04 Collision of metro trains in Itäkeskus, Helsinki, on 27 July 2016". Onnettomuustutkintakeskus (in Finnish). Retrieved 7 January 2020.
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