Hazara diaspora
Total population
8–12 million
Regions with significant populations
 Pakistan1,000,000 (2011)[1][2]
 Iran1,000,000 (2014)[3]
Europe130,000[4]
 Germany365,000 (2023)[5]
 Turkey26,000[6]
 Austria22,000 (2015)[7]
 Australia41,766 (2021)[8]
 Sweden50,000 (2021)[9]
 Syria14,000 (2015)
 United Kingdom12,000 (2015)[10]
 United States10,000
 Netherlands9,000
 Canada4,300 (2006)[11]
 Indonesia3,800[12]
Languages
Dari and Hazaragi
(eastern varieties of Persian)
Religion
Predominantly Islam
(Shia majority, significant Sunni minority)[13][14]

The Hazara people are an ethnic group who are mostly from Afghanistan, primarily from the central regions of Afghanistan, known as Hazarajat, they established a large diaspora that consists of many communities in different countries around the world as part of the later Afghan diaspora. There are currently a million Hazara who live in the Balochistan province of Pakistan mostly in Quetta,[15][16] many of whom have been settled in the country for generations and are now Pakistani citizens. A similarly large Hazara community is also present in Mashhad, Iran, as part of the Hazara and Afghan diaspora.[15]

Apart from Pakistan and Iran, many Hazaras have migrated to Europe, and some to North America and Australia, mostly due to an unstable political and economic situation prevailing back home as well as the ongoing persecution of Hazaras in Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Overseas communities

Australia

Geographic distribution of the Australian population identifying their ancestry as “Hazara” or using Hazaraghi as their home language

The Hazara Council of Australia is an organization formed by the Hazara community of Australia.[17] Arman Monthly is a Persian-language magazine distributed nationwide which is published by the Hazara community. The 2003 Australian documentary film Molly & Mobarak is based on a Hazara asylum seeker who enters Australia, falls in love with a local girl and faces possible deportation as his temporary visa nears expiration.

India

The Attarwala of India claim to be descended from a group of Mughal Hazara soldiers who were initially settled in Agra, during the rule of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. According to their recorded documents, they then migrated to Ahmedabad via Gwalior, Ratlam and Godhra. This migration followed their participation of the community in the 1857 Indian War of Independence. Once settled in Gujarat, the community took up the occupation of manufacturing of perfumes known as ittars. The word attarwala means the manufacturer of perfumes. A second migration took place in 1947 from Agra, after the partition of India, with some members immigrating to Pakistan, while others joining their co-ethnics in Ahmedabad. The Attarwala are now found mainly in Ahmedabad, while those in Pakistan are found mainly in Karachi.[18]

Indonesia

The Hazaras in Indonesia are mostly victims of the conflict in Afghanistan who fled from ethnic and religious persecution by the Taliban.[19] Some Hazaras in Indonesia only stop temporarily before seeking asylum in other countries such as Australia, Malaysia, and Singapore.[20] The arrival of the Hazara in Indonesia initially came from Jakarta then many of them moved to the Puncak area and then some of them lived and settled and married with local peoples.[21]

United States

In the United States, there are reportedly 10,000 Hazaras mostly immigrating from Afghanistan and Pakistan. Some notable people from the community include Hassan Poladi, a writer and intellectual,, Mr. Capone-E a rapper. and Shakeeb Hamdard, the first winner of Afghan Star, a TV reality show on Tolo TV in Afghanistan. There is fairly a large group of Hazara immigrants living in the Washington D.C. metro area whose members founded an association called Hazara American Association.[22]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Census of Afghans in Pakistan 2005, UNHCR Statistical Summary Report (retrieved August 14, 2016)
  2. ↑ Yusuf, Imran. "Who are the Hazara?". Retrieved 1 September 2011.
  3. ↑ Smyth, Phillip (3 June 2014). "Iran's Afghan Shiite Fighters in Syria". The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
  4. ↑ Talib, Husayn (19 August 2017). "Austria holds refugee talks as young Hazaras flee persecution to make 'dangerous' journey to Europe". ABC News. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
  5. ↑ https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/51142/germany-takes-in-highest-number-of-afghan-refugees-in-eu-as-taliban-celebrate-return}}
  6. ↑ "Afghan Hazara Refugees Seek Justice in Turkey". 3 June 2014.
  7. ↑ "Austria holds refugee talks as young Hazaras flee persecution to make 'dangerous' journey to Europe".
  8. ↑ "Cultural diversity: census". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 28 June 2022. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
  9. ↑ "Nytt folkmord hotar hazarer i Afghanistan".
  10. ↑ The population of people with descent from Afghanistan in UK is 76,000. Hazara make up an estimated 20% of the population of Afghanistan depending to the source. The Hazara population in UK is estimated from these two figures. archived on 25 April 2007
  11. ↑ The population of people with descent from Afghanistan in Canada is 48,090. Hazara make up an estimated 20% of the population of Afghanistan depending to the source. The Hazara population in Canada is estimated from these two figures. Ethnic origins, 2006 counts, for Canada
  12. ↑ Afghan Hazaras' new life in Indonesia: Asylum-seeker community in West Java is large enough to easily man an eight-team Afghan football league, Al Jazeera, 21 March 2014, retrieved 5 August 2016
  13. ↑ The Afghans, Their History and Culture, Religion Archived 2010-12-28 at the Wayback Machine
  14. ↑ "شناسنامه الکترونیکی،آخرین فرصت تثبیت هویت هزاره‌های سنی و اسماعیلی | سایت طرح نو، باشگاه اندیشه و گفت‌وگو". Retrieved 2021-05-15.
  15. 1 2 Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com/.
  16. ↑ Census of Afghans in Pakistan, UNHCR Statistical Summary Report (retrieved 22 October 2011)
  17. ↑ "Hazara Council Australia". HCAustralia.org.au. Archived from the original on 8 January 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
  18. ↑ Mohideen, AM (2003). "Attarwalla". In Singh, KS (ed.). Gujarat. People of India Part One. Vol. XXI. Popular Prakashan. pp. 78–81. ISBN 9788179911044.
  19. ↑ "Pengungsi Hazara Terabaikan di Indonesia". www.voaindonesia (in Indonesian). 28 November 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
  20. ↑ Suhardiman (7 December 2021). "Pengungsi Afghanistan di Medan Desak Penempatan ke Negara Ketiga". sumut.suara.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 29 June 2022.
  21. ↑ Adhi Indra Prasetya (3 February 2019). "Cerita Horor Orang Hazara: Diburu Taliban hingga Ngungsi ke Kalideres". news.detik.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 29 June 2022.
  22. ↑ "Hazara American Association انجمن هزاره هاي امريكا". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 2021-12-29.
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