Henri Atlan
Henri Atlan in 2011
Born (1931-12-27) 27 December 1931
Blida, French Algeria
NationalityFrench
Alma materUniversity of Paris
Known forComplexity from noise
Spouse
​
(m. 1952)​
Children2
Scientific career
Fields

Henri Atlan (born 27 December 1931) is a French biophysicist and philosopher.

Early life and education

Born to a Jewish family in French Algeria, Atlan gained degrees in medicine and biophysics at the University of Paris (now University Paris Diderot). He married Liliane Atlan in 1952; they had two children while living in Paris, Miri in 1953 and Michael in 1956.[1] He then moved to the University of California, Berkeley working on ageing[2] and mutation.

Career and thought

Influenced by Heinz von Foerster, Atlan became interested in applying cybernetics and information theory to living organisms, and went to the Weizmann Institute in Rehovot to work under the biophysicist Aharon Katchalsky.[3] In 1972, he returned to Paris; and, in that year, his 1972 work on information theory and self-organising systems, entitled L'organisation biologique et la théorie de l'information, received a wide readership. In this book, he proposed the principle of "complexity from noise"[4][5] (French: le principe de complexité par le bruit),[6][7] concept taken up in his following book Entre le cristal et la fumée (1979)[8] and development of 1960 Von Foerster's notion of "order from noise". In Paris, he then taught biophysics at the Hôtel-Dieu and, later, at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem's Hadassah Medical Center.[3][9]

His participation with Francisco Varela at a conference in Cerisy-la-Salle encouraged interest in cognitive science in France.[3] Atlan was instrumental in the establishment of the Centre de Recherche en Epistémologie Appliquée (CREA) at the École Polytechnique, and was appointed in 1983 to the Comité Consultatif National d'Éthique pour la Sciences de a Vie et de la Santé (National Advisory Committee on Ethics in the Life Sciences and Medicine). He is director of studies in the philosophy of biology at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, and professor emeritus of biophysics at the University of Paris VI: Pierre et Marie-Curie.[9] He is also a member of Collegium International,[10] an organization of leaders with political, scientific, and ethical expertise whose goal is to provide new approaches in overcoming the obstacles in the way of a peaceful, socially just, and an economically sustainable world.

Works

  • Atlan, Henri (2011), Selected Writings: On Self-Organization, Philosophy, Bioethics, and Judaism, ISBN 9780823231812
  • L'organisation biologique et la théorie de l'information, 1972
  • Atlan, H. (June 1974). "On a formal definition of organization". Journal of Theoretical Biology. Elsevier. 45 (2): 295−304. Bibcode:1974JThBi..45..295A. doi:10.1016/0022-5193(74)90115-5. PMID 4844620.
  • Entre le cristal et la fumée: Essai sur l'organisation de vivant, 1979
  • À tort et à raison: Inter-critique de la science et du mythe, 1986
  • Tout, non, peut-être: Education et vérité, 1991
  • Les étincelles de hasard, 1999

References

  1. ↑ Schneider, Judith Morganroth. "Liliane Atlan". Jewish Women's Archive. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
  2. ↑ Atlan, Henri; Miquel, Jaime; Helmle, Leland C.; Dolkas, Constantin B. (1976). "Thermodynamics of aging in Drosophila melanogaster". Mechanisms of Ageing and Development. 5 (5): 371–387. doi:10.1016/0047-6374(76)90035-X. ISSN 0047-6374. PMID 823385. S2CID 29989186.
  3. 1 2 3 Dupuy, Jean-Pierre (2007) [2006]. "Henri Atlan (pp. 393—6)". In Kritzman, Lawrence D. (ed.). The Columbia History of Twentieth-Century French Thought. French articles translated by Malcolm DeBevoise. New York City: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-2311-0790-7.
  4. ↑ See occurrences on Google Books.
  5. ↑ François, Charles, ed. (2011) [1997]. International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2nd ed.). Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. p. 107. ISBN 978-3-1109-6801-9.
  6. ↑ See occurrences on Google Books.
  7. ↑ ""complexité par le bruit""L'Organisation biologique et la théorie de l'information" 1972 - Google Search". www.google.com.
  8. ↑ ""complexité par le bruit""Entre le cristal et la fumée" 1979 - Google Search". www.google.com.
  9. 1 2 (in French) Universalis, Encyclopaedia (2015). "Dictionnaire des Idées & Notions en Sciences de la vie et de la Terre. (Les Dictionnaires d'Universalis)". Encyclopædia Universalis. ISBN 978-2-85229131-7.
  10. ↑ "Members - Collegium International". Retrieved 9 August 2019.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.