Hun[1][2][3][4] or Huna[5] is an ancient clan of the Gurjar ethnic community of Pakistan, Afghanistan, and India. Historically, they were also known by the name of Huna.[5] They are primarily Hindu, while some are Muslim in Kashmir and Pakistan. In mountainous areas, they speak the Gujari language, as well as other indigenous dialects.

History

Pre-history

A community referred to as Huns are mentioned in a number of ancient Indian religious or historic Sanskrit or Vedic texts as Hara Huna[6] (Hada Huna), Huna,[7][5] or Huns, including the Puranas[8] and Mahabharata, and in historic records of the Guptas of Patna.[9]

Chalukyas

Pulakesin I formed the first notable Chalukya dynasty of southern India in the middle of the sixth century. These Chalukyas were descended from a foreign tribe, most likely a mix of Jat-Hun. Badami, in the Bijapur district, was their capital.[10]

Origin

According to Kulbhushan Warikoo, some Huns claim to be descended from the Yuechi or Kushans. The Kushan and Hun were unquestionably Kshatriya Gujjars. Both of these clans are only found among the Gurjars of Central and South Asia.[1]

Distribution

They live in Pakistani regions including Kashmir, and Punjab and Gilgit-Baltistan they have their population mostly in these areas. Some Hun Gujjars have villages in Afghanistan in the region of Pamir and Nuristan. While in India they primarily inhabit in the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh and, Jammu and Kashmir. There are many village of Hun Jats in Uttar Pradesh، Rajasthan and Haryana. Alone in Uttar Pradesh their prominent villages are in the Meerut, Gaziabad,[5] Bulandhshahr, and Greater Noida districts. And most famous village due to their influence is known as Nawalka.[2]

Other names

In various regions they also known by different names, including, Huna,[5] Hara Huna, Hada Huna, Hun[3] or Hoon.[2]

Subclans

  • Tomar
  • Chalukya
  • Chauhan
  • Maitrak
  • Chavda

References

  1. 1 2 Warikoo, Kulbhushan; Som, Sujit (2000). Gujjars of Jammu and Kashmir. Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya. p. 6. Some Huns claim to be Kushans . Kushan and Hun undoubtedly were Kshatriyas . Both the sub – castes are among the Gurjars. The General Cunningham and some others historians have mentioned them as Gurjars.
  2. 1 2 3 Khari, Rahul (2007). Jats and Gujars: Origin, History and Culture. Reference Press. p. 85. ISBN 978-81-8405-031-8. Hoon or Hun is a clan found amongst Gujars in several villages in Meerut . Hoon or Hun is a clan that is found amongst Gujars only in India . Their villages are found near Meerut and the most famous village is ' Nawalka ' . Gujar clans ..
  3. 1 2 Dass, Arvind (2002). Caste System: Caste commentaries and documentation. Dominant Publishers and Distributors. p. 109. ISBN 978-81-7888-029-7. The Gujar have families of more than one gotra. The predominance of the Hun gotra is quite significant. In this caste Ghasi Patel is very influential. He has now been elected a member of the new Panchayat.
  4. ↑ The Anthropologist: volume 12. Department of Anthropology, University of Dehli. 1966. p. 35. Hun still is the name of a Gujars sect (clan). The Jat tribes also entered India and at present they live in Delhi , Punjab.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Others, Muzaffar H. Syed & (2022-02-20). History of Indian Nation : Ancient India. K.K. Publications. p. 133. The Gurjara clan appeared in northern India about the time of the Huna invasions of northern India, and later established a number of ruling dynasties in northern India, including the Pratiharas of Kanauj... However, Huna is one of the prominent gotras (clan) among Gurjars and many Huna (Gurjar) villages can still be found in Ghaziabad and Bulandshahr.
  6. ↑ Nyamdavaa, Oidov (2003). Mongolia-India Relations. Bhavana Books & Prints. p. 3. ISBN 978-81-86505-61-8. It has been suggested that the word HARA stands for the old Persian word , Karamir or Kharamir which means " red " or deep colour. In other words , the HARAHUNA means " red Huna which referred to the Harahuna in the Mahabharata...
  7. ↑ Kumāra, Braja Bihārī (2007). India and Central Asia: Classical to Contemporary Periods. Concept Publishing Company. p. 4. ISBN 978-81-8069-457-8. There is mention of Shakas, Pahlavas (Persians), Kambojas (Galcha speaking people of Tazikistan), Rishik (Yueh-chi or Kushanas) at one place in the Mahabharata (5.4.15). At another place, China, Huna and Shaka is mentioned (Mahabharat 2.47.19). Kanka (Kangyu of Sogd) are mentioned with Shaka and Tushara (Tokharian). Enough material on Central Asia is available in Medieval Sanskrit literature, and in Buddhist and Jain literatures.
  8. ↑ Sharma, Gopi Nath (1970). Rajasthan Studies. Lakshmi Narain Agarwal. p. 15. Huns and Gujars have been mentioned along with other foreign tribes in the Puranas, the Gujars like Huns are also ...
  9. ↑ Chatterjee, Suhas (1998). Indian Civilization and Culture. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 224. ISBN 978-81-7533-083-2. In AD 455 Skandagupta succeeded to the throne and ruled for some 11 years during which time the Hun menace was the main source of trouble to the king. The Guptas had little control over the Kabul and Afghanistan area. Had they organized that province as a military base against the intruders, the menace could have been successfully dealt with. Instead of that the Gupta rulers waited for them and fought against them in the plains of India.
  10. ↑ Mahmud, Sayyid Fayyaz (1988). A Concise History of Indo-Pakistan. Oxford University Press. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-19-577385-9. ...reigned originally in Badami, where Pulakesin I established a small kingdom in the sixth century. The ancestors of Pulakesin belonged to the Gurjara-Hun mixed race...
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