Hydrogen technologies are technologies that relate to the production and use of hydrogen as a part hydrogen economy. Hydrogen technologies are applicable for many uses.

Some hydrogen technologies are carbon neutral and could have a role in preventing climate change and a possible future hydrogen economy. Hydrogen is a chemical widely used in various applications including ammonia production, oil refining and energy.[1] The most common methods for producing hydrogen on an industrial scale are: Steam reforming, oil reforming, coal gasification, water electrolysis.[2]

Hydrogen is not a primary energy source, because it is not naturally occurring as a fuel. It is, however, widely regarded as an ideal energy storage medium, due to the ease with which electricity can convert water into hydrogen and oxygen through electrolysis and can be converted back to electrical power using a fuel cell or hydrogen turbine.[3] There are a wide number of different types of fuel and electrolysis cells.[4]

The potential environmental impact depends primarily on the methods used to generate hydrogen as a fuel.

Fuel cells

Hydrogen infrastructure

Hydrogen storage

Hydrogen vehicles

Historic hydrogen filled airships

Hydrogen powered cars

Hydrogen fueling nozzle

Audi:

BMW:

Chrysler:

Daimler:

Fiat:

Ford:

Forze Hydrogen-Electric Racing Team Delft

General Motors:

Honda:

Hyundai:

Lotus Engineering:

Kia:

Mazda:

  • 1991 – Mazda HR-X Hydrogen Wankel Rotary.
  • 1993 – Mazda HR-X2 Hydrogen Wankel Rotary.
  • 1993 – Mazda MX-5 Miata Hydrogen Wankel Rotary.
  • 1995 – Mazda Capella Cargo, first public street test of the hydrogen Wankel Rotary engine.
  • 1997 – Mazda Demio FC-EV Methanol-Reducing Fuel Cell
  • 2001 – Mazda Premacy FC-EV – First public street test of the Methanol-Reducing Fuel Cell vehicle in Japan
  • 2003 – Mazda RX-8 Hydrogen RE Hydrogen \ Gasoline hybrid Wankel Rotary.
  • 2007 – Mazda Premacy Hydrogen RE Hybrid
  • 2009 – Mazda 5 Hydrogen RE Hybrid[14]

Mitsubishi:

Morgan:

Nissan:

Peugeot:

Renault:

  • Scenic ZEV H2 is a hydro-electric MPV co-developed by Nissan.

Riversimple:

Ronn Motor Company:

Toyota:

Volkswagen:

Hydrogen powered planes

  • Hyfish
  • Smartfish
  • Tupolev Tu-155-hydrogen-powered version of Tu-154[17]
  • Antares DLR-H2 -The first aircraft capable of performing a complete flight on fuel-cell power only

Possible future aircraft using precooled jet engines include Reaction Engines Skylon and the Reaction Engines A2.

Hydrogen powered rockets

The following rockets were/are partially or completely propelled by hydrogen fuel:

Environmental

Nuclear

Organic chemistry

Miscellaneous

See also

References

  1. Badwal, Sukhvinder P.S.; Giddey, Sarbjit; Munnings, Christopher (2013). "Hydrogen production via solid electrolytic routes". Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment. 2 (5): 473–487. doi:10.1002/wene.50. S2CID 135539661.
  2. Dincer, Ibrahim; Acar, Canan (2015). "Review and evaluation of hydrogen production methods for better sustainability". International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 40 (34): 11096. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.12.035. ISSN 0360-3199.
  3. https://solutions.mhi.com/power/decarbonization-technology/hydrogen-gas-turbine/
  4. Badwal, SPS (2014). "Emerging electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies". Frontiers in Chemistry. 2: 79. Bibcode:2014FrCh....2...79B. doi:10.3389/fchem.2014.00079. PMC 4174133. PMID 25309898.
  5. netinform: Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
  6. netinform: Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
  7. netinform: Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
  8. netinform: Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
  9. "Ford Motor Company Business Plan", December 2, 2008
  10. netinform: Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
  11. netinform: Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
  12. netinform: Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
  13. First Drive: hydrogen-powered Kia Borrego FCEV and Nissan X-Trail FCV
  14. netinform: Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
  15. Dennis, Lyle. "Nissan Swears Off Hydrogen and Will Only Build Electric Cars", All Cars Electric, February 26, 2009
  16. netinform: Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
  17. Hydrogen Powered Tupolev Tu-155 Archived 2010-11-26 at the Wayback Machine Development of Cryogenic Fuel Aircraft, Tupelov
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