Pale jewelweed
Pale jewelweed blooming in the rare Charitable Research Reserve (Ontario, Canada)

Secure  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Balsaminaceae
Genus: Impatiens
Species:
I. pallida
Binomial name
Impatiens pallida

Impatiens pallida, with the common names pale jewelweed,[2] pale touch-me-not,[3] or yellow jewelweed,[4] is a flowering annual plant in the family Balsaminaceae native to Canada and the United States. It grows in moist to wet soils, generally alongside the closely related Impatiens capensis, producing flowers from midsummer through fall.

Description

Yellow jewelweed flower and leaves

The plant can grow up to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in height.[5] The light green stems branch frequently and are smooth and slightly succulent. Leaves measure up to 10 centimetres (4 in) long and 5 centimetres (2 in) across and are alternate. They are simple, hairless, ovate, and have teeth on the margins.[4]

The flowers are yellow, with reddish-spots on their faces, differentiating the plant from the similar Impatiens capensis, which has orange flowers. They are tube or funnel shaped and 3–4 centimetres (1–1.5 in) long, with nectar stored at a narrow spur at the back of the flower.[6] The flowers cluster in small quantities among the upper leaves.[5] After blooming, the flowers are replaced by a narrow seed pod up to 3 centimetres (1 in) long. When the seeds are ripe, they explode from the pod when touched, giving the plant its common name, touch-me-not.[6]

Pollination

Nectar spurs are tubular elongations of petals and sepals of certain flowers that usually contain nectar. Flowers of Impatiens pallida have nectar spurs which are thought to have played a role in plant-pollinator coevolution. Most of the nectar spurs of Impatiens pallida are perpendicular but some of them are curved.[7]

These nectar spur flowers are either partially or completely pollinated by insects. The specific pollinator is determined by the curvature of the nectar spur. Since Impatiens pallida have perpendicular nectar spurs, bees are the main pollinators.[7]

Distribution and habitat

I. pallida is native in the United States from North Dakota to the north and west, Georgia to the south, and Maine to the east. In Canada, it is native in Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, and Nova Scotia. It can be found in wet, soggy soils, such as along ponds and streams, in swamps, in moist deciduous woodlands, and in wet thickets.[6]

Uses

Like Impatiens capensis, the young shoots can be boiled (with two changes of water) as a potherb, and the seeds are also edible.[5]

Along with other species of jewelweed or "touch-me-not", it is a traditional remedy for skin rashes.

References

  1. ↑ NatureServe (1 September 2023). "Impatiens pallida". NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  2. ↑ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org.
  3. ↑ "USDA Plants Database". plants.usda.gov.
  4. 1 2 "Yellow Jewelweed (Impatiens pallida)". www.illinoiswildflowers.info.
  5. 1 2 3 Elias, Thomas S.; Dykeman, Peter A. (2009) [1982]. Edible Wild Plants: A North American Field Guide to Over 200 Natural Foods. New York: Sterling. p. 119. ISBN 978-1-4027-6715-9. OCLC 244766414.
  6. 1 2 3 "Impatiens pallida (Pale Touch-me-not): Minnesota Wildflowers". www.minnesotawildflowers.info.
  7. 1 2 Tavers, S.E., Temeles, E.J. and I. Pan. "The relationship between nectar spur curvature in jewelweed (Impatients capensis) and pollen removal by hummingbird pollinators", Canadian Journal of Botany, 2003, vol. 81, pp. 164-170
Wikiversity has bloom time data for Impatiens pallida on the Bloom Clock
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