Independence Air
IATA ICAO Callsign
DH IDE INDEPENDENCE
FoundedDecember 15, 1989 (1989-12-15) (as Atlantic Coast Airlines)
November 19, 2003 (2003-11-19) (as Independence Air)
Commenced operationsJune 14, 2004 (2004-06-14)
Ceased operationsJanuary 5, 2006 (2006-01-05)
Operating basesWashington Dulles International Airport
Frequent-flyer programiCLUB
Fleet size130
Destinations37
Parent companyFLYi, Inc.
HeadquartersLoudoun County, Virginia
Key peopleKerry Skeen (CEO)
Websitewww.flyi.com

Independence Air was a low-cost airline, owned by FLYi, Inc., headquartered in the Loudoun Gateway Corporate Center in Dulles, Virginia, United States (near Washington, D.C.) that operated from 1989 until 2006. Its route network focused on the east coast of the United States, but it also extended to the west coast. The route network was based at Washington Dulles International Airport.

It ceased all operations at 8:24 p.m. UTC-5 on January 5, 2006. The airline had been in Chapter 11 bankruptcy since November 7, 2005.[1][2]

History

A regional jet operated by Independence Air, seen through terminal windows

Independence Air started life as Atlantic Coast Airlines on December 15, 1989, operating feeder services as United Express for United Airlines and Delta Connection for Delta Air Lines.[3] After United withdrew the contract when the ACA labor and management would not agree to the concessions it requested, Atlantic Coast reinvented itself as low-cost carrier Independence Air.[4] It was announced on November 19, 2003, and operations as Independence Air began on June 16, 2004. At its inception, it was unique among low-cost carriers in that its fleet mainly consisted of 50-seat regional jets, although the airline later introduced larger Airbus A319 equipment. It was based at Washington Dulles International Airport (IAD) and contributed to Dulles' substantial increase in passenger use, bringing one million new customers to the airport in its first three months of operation.[5] The airline was also credited with helping to reduce fares to and from the airport, and it took time after the airline's shutdown for the traffic volume to recover.[4][6]

Criticism

From the beginning, the airline faced criticism including that it expanded too quickly, had a poor fleet mix[7] and did not have the resources to compete with the legacy airlines, who despite their own financial troubles, would match the fares offered by Independence.[4][8] Further, industry experts believed that the reasons behind the airline's failure were not problems with the low-cost strategy, but miscues on the part of airline management.[9] Atlantic Coast's / Independence Air's former partner at Dulles, United Airlines, responded vigorously to Independence Air's emergence as a stand-alone carrier by leveraging Washington area passenger loyalty to the United Mileage Plus frequent flyer program. United offered its Mileage Plus members substantial bonuses, including free trips around the world on United and other Star Alliance carriers; these proved effective in maintaining United's grip on the lucrative business travel market, and Independence Air could not respond to United's promotional onslaught. (United's primary offer for free flights based on a sliding scale of flight segments to/from a Washington airport - IAD, DCA, BWI. 24 segments yielded a United coach ticket, 48 segments yielded a Star Alliance round-the-world business class ticket.) Problems, including flights flying far below capacity, were identified in October 2004,[10] less than six months following the airline's launch as the parent company attempted to avoid bankruptcy.[11]

Promotional activities

On May 20, 2004, even prior to its inaugural flight, Independence Air signed a deal with the Washington Redskins to become the official airline sponsor of the team for three years.[12] In the summer of 2005, the airline offered college students the GLiDE Summer Travel Pass.[13] This move was meant not to bring in revenue, but to try to fill seats that otherwise would have flown empty. This promotional tool was not enough to prevent trouble, due in part to the airline losing almost $150 million in its two years of operation.[8]

Independence Air became quickly known for the humorous touches it added to the flying experience, such as replacing the flight attendant safety announcements with prerecorded versions of the warnings by celebrities such as James Carville and Mary Matalin.[14] They also attracted attention from their partnership with the Laugh Factory[15] and the use of former baggage handler Dave George as "the Flyi Guy" — the airline's resident comedian.[16]

Corporate affairs

Headquarters

Independence Air had its headquarters in Loudoun Gateway III in the Loudoun Gateway Corporate Center in Dulles, unincorporated Loudoun County, Virginia.[17][18] The facility is located at the intersection of Virginia Route 28 and Virginia Route 606, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the Dulles Toll Road and near Washington Dulles International Airport. The three-story, 76,557 square feet (7,112.4 m2) building has an about 25,000 RSF floor plate. The entire Loudoun Gateway Corporate Center has about 38.6 acres (15.6 ha) of space.[18] Grubb & Ellis had originally leased 76,982 square feet (7,151.9 m2) of the building to Atlantic Coast Airlines.[19]

Fleet

Independence Air Airbus A319 in 2005.

From the airline's beginning, its fleet mix was cited as one of the causes of its financial troubles.[7] Independence Air's fleet ebbed and flowed in an attempt to stay in business.[20] In February 2005, the airline canceled the lease on more than 20 Bombardier CRJ200 jets and British Aerospace Jetstream 41 turbo-prop planes.[21]

At the time of its last flight, Independence had 42 planes, down from a peak of 87.[22]

Historical fleet

Independence Air previously operated the following aircraft:[23]

Aircraft Total Introduced Retired Notes
Airbus A319-100 12 2004 2006
Bombardier CRJ200ER 87
Fairchild Dornier 328JET 33 2004

Decline

After its emergence as an independent brand name, Independence Air became known for offering very low airfares: as little as $29 one-way to Florida from Washington Dulles International Airport.[24] However, the company never overcame a series of financial problems during its transition, and its decline started only six months after its launch.

In February 2005, one of its aircraft was repossessed after the company missed a lease payment,[25] after trying and failing to restructure the lease.[11] Later that year, three more aircraft were sold or repossessed and in November 2005, FLYi, Inc., their parent company, declared bankruptcy.[22] The company cited rising costs in the airline industry as the reason its low-cost strategy did not succeed.[8]

In the intervening months between FLYi's declaration of bankruptcy and Independence Air's cessation of operations, a number of airlines expressed an interest in acquiring the airline's assets including: Mesa Air Group, United Airlines and Richard Branson.[26]

Not finding a suitable buyer in time to keep the planes flying, Independence Air announced on January 2, 2006, that it would cease operations at 7:26 p.m. UTC-5 on January 5, 2006, following a flight from Westchester County Airport in New York.[27] When the airline ceased operations, it employed more than 2,500 staff, [22] many of whom had been with the airline since its inception as Atlantic Coast Airlines.[24] Over its 18 months of operation, Independence carried more than 8 million passengers.[24]

On March 10, 2006, Northwest Airlines bought the operating certificate of Independence Air for $2 million to establish a new regional airline. On March 29, 2006, Northwest reported that Independence Air would be renamed Compass Airlines. The first flight route would be a twice daily service between Washington Dulles International Airport and Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport beginning in early June 2006.[28]

Destinations

At the time of its shutdown on January 5, 2006, Independence operated 200 daily departures to 37 destinations throughout the United States,[29] up from 78 flights at its launch.[30]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Independence Air Chapter 11 Bankruptcy" (PDF). PacerMonitor. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
  2. ↑ "Fact Sheet re 2/98 Cessation of Ops". Office of Aviation Enforcement and Proceedings. 2006-02-21. Archived from the original on 2008-02-27. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  3. ↑ Matthew French (2004-11-15). "Despite Industry woes, Independence Air Sees Strong Market in Charleston". Charleston Regional Business Journal. Archived from the original on 2007-11-14. Retrieved 2016-10-28.
  4. 1 2 3 Joe Sharkey (2006-01-10). "Independence Air Ends: No Bang, Some Whimpers". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  5. ↑ Sara Kehaulani (2004-09-30). "Dulles Among Busiest Airports". Washington Post. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  6. ↑ McCaffrey, Scott; Trompeter, Brian (2006-07-06). "Dulles Still Trying to Rebound from Independence Air's Shutdown". Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  7. 1 2 Keith L. Alexander (2006-01-03). "Despite Persistent Criticism, Airline Chief Stayed His Course". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  8. 1 2 3 "Independence Air is Banktupt". Consumer Affairs. 2005-11-08. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  9. ↑ Peter J. Howe (2006-01-03). "Independence Air to Shut Down". The Boston Globe. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  10. ↑ "Delta Flight Plan May Include Bankruptcy". consumeraffairs.com. 2005-10-25. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  11. 1 2 "Flyi's Share Price Continues to Fall". The Washington Post. 2004-11-11. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  12. ↑ Jeff Clabaugh (2004-05-21). "Independence Air Scores Redskins Sponsorship". Baltimore Business Journal. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  13. ↑ Sascha Segan (2005-04-22). "Swap That Hall Pass for an Air Pass & Flit About the US from $249 All Summer". Frommer's. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  14. ↑ "RDU Welcomes Independence Air" (PDF). RDU Update. Raleigh-Durham International Airport. 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-03-14. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  15. ↑ Joe Sharkey (2005-08-16). "What Flies Coast to Coast and Isn't Very Funny?". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  16. ↑ Jayne Clark (2005-08-18). "I Just Flew in from Cleveland...and, Boy, are My Wings Tired!". USA Today. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  17. ↑ "ANNUAL REPORT TO STOCKHOLDERS For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004." Independence Air. Retrieved on January 31, 2011. "45200 Business Court, Dulles, Virginia (Address of principal executive offices)"
  18. 1 2 "Loudoun Gateway III Archived 2010-12-12 at the Wayback Machine." The Alter Group. Retrieved on January 31, 2011. "Loudoun Gateway III 45200 Business Court Loudoun Gateway Corporate Center Dulles, VA."
  19. ↑ "FCC delays decision on who can wire buildings." The Washington Times. September 18, 2000. Retrieved on January 31, 2011. "Grubb & Ellis has leased 76982 square feet of office space to Atlantic Coast Airlines Holdings Inc in the Loudoun Gateway III complex in Dulles[...]"
  20. ↑ "Independence Air Cuts Fleet to Stay Airborne". consumeraffairs.com. 2005-02-23. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  21. ↑ Jeff Clabaugh (2005-02-22). "Independence Air Pares Fleet". The Business Review (Albany). Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  22. 1 2 3 "Last Run for Independence Air". NBC News. 2006-01-05. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  23. ↑ "Independence Air Fleet". Planespotters. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
  24. 1 2 3 Bill Brubaker (2006-01-06). "Foggy Morning, Misty Eyes Usher Out Independence". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  25. ↑ "Repo Man Visits Independence Air". consumeraffairs.com. 2005-02-13. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  26. ↑ Bill Brubaker (2005-12-23). "United Seeks Piece of Independence Air". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  27. ↑ "Final Boarding Call for Independence Air". consumeraffairs.com. 2006-01-02. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  28. ↑ Jewel Gopwani (2006-03-30). "NWA Plans June Start for Carrier". USA Today. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  29. ↑ "Low-fare Airline to Shut Down Thursday". St. Petersburg Times. 2006-01-03. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
  30. ↑ Bill Brubaker (2004-06-17). "Independence Air is Off the Ground at Last". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
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