Ipomoea oenotherae
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Solanales
Family: Convolvulaceae
Genus: Ipomoea
Species:
I. oenotherae
Binomial name
Ipomoea oenotherae
(Vatke) Hallier f.[1]

Ipomoea oenotherae is a species of plant of the morning glory genus, Ipomoea, in the family Convolvulaceae. It derives its name from the resemblance it bears to plants in the genus Oenothera.[2] Ipomoea oenotherae is a succulent and a cryptophyte.

Description

Vegetative features

Ipomoea oenotherae is a perennial succulent plant. It forms a fleshy, elongated tuberous rootstock, 30 cm in length, from which leaves grow every spring. These are followed by extended, prostrate or ascending stems which are up to 30 cm long.[3] The young stems are angular and initially densely covered with silver white hairs (pilose);[3] these later become hairless. The shape of the basal leaves, which are often in a rosette, is linear to lanceolate with petioles up to 7 cm long. The basal leaves are between 4 and 10 cm long, and 1 cm wide. They may be entire or have basal lobes or are lateral teeth. The leaves on the stems are 2 to 6.5 cm long and borne on 4 cm-long petioles; they are entire or subpalmately or pinnately 3-7 lobed and covered in silver-white hair.

Flowers

The flowers are solitary and axillary. The linear-subulate bracteole is 10 to 15 mm long and 0.5 to 1 mm wide. The rather club-shaped peduncle has a length of up to 15 mm. The flower is hermaphroditic and displays fivefold radial symmetry. The five unequal, often pink sepals are up to 15 mm long, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acuminate and subaristate. The five mauve to violet petals are narrowly funnel-shaped, and 2.3 to 5 centimetres long. There is only a single ring of five stamens. The plant flowers during the summer.

Fruit and seeds

The spherical (globose), straw-coloured, smooth capsule has a diameter of approximately 6 mm.[3] The seeds are up to 4 mm long, densely appressed, pubescent,[3] velvety-tomentose with grayish hair.

Taxonomy

The plant was first described in 1882, when it was given the name Convolvulus oenotherae by Georg Carl Wilhelm Vatke.[4] Johannes Gottfried Hallier subsequently classified the species as belonging to the genus Ipomoea in 1894.[1]

Distribution and habitat

The distribution of Ipomoea oenotherae has been described as ranging "from Ethiopia and Somalia southwards to Namibia, Botswana and the Northern Province, North-West and Gauteng in South Africa".[5]

It is described as "not gregarious",[5] meaning that it grows in open rather than dense clusters. Furthermore, it is described as "nowhere common".[5]

Habitat

I. oenotherae grows by and large in "mixed bushveld". It also grows in grassland, and is found both by the side of the road and on cultivated ground (often on sandy or rocky soils).[5] I. oenotherae's altitude range is listed variously as approximately 1580 m,[3] 1640–2160 m,[6] and 1000–1580 m.[7]

Distribution in Southern Africa

I. oenotherae is found all across Southern Africa: in Botswana and Namibia, as well as in many parts of South Africa, including Gauteng, Limpopo, and the North-West.[1] Certain older sources additionally claim that the species is also found in the regions formerly known as the Natal, and the Transvaal.[8] It is also known to be present in the area formerly known as Zaire: the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, and Burundi.[9]

Distribution in Eastern Africa

Whilst I. oenotherae seems to predominantly inhabit Southern Africa, several specimens have been collected in Eastern Africa: in the Unyoro forests of Uganda,[10] in the town of Moyale[11] (split between Ethiopia and Kenya), and in Somalia.[5]

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Ipomoea oenotherae (Vatke) Hallier f." African Plant Database. Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de la Ville de Genève. Retrieved 2015-07-24.
  2. ↑ Eggli, Urs; Newton, Leonard E. (2004-03-11). Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. ISBN 978-3-540-00489-9.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Compilation: Ipomoea oenotherae". Global Plants. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  4. ↑ "IPNI Plant Name Details for Convolvulus oenotherae". The International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2015-07-24.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Roux, Jacobus Petrus. "Flora of South Africa (SAM)". Global Plants. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  6. ↑ Verdcourt, B (1960). "Flora of Tropical East Africa". Nature. 188 (4757): 1142. Bibcode:1960Natur.188.1142B. doi:10.1038/1881142a0. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  7. ↑ Gonçalves, Maria Leonor. "FZ, Vol 8, Part 1". Global Plants. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  8. ↑ Oliver, Daniel (1906). Flora of Tropical Africa. London: Lovell, Reeve & Co. p. 145. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  9. ↑ "Ipomoea oenotherae". Flora of Central Africa. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  10. ↑ Grant, James Augustus; Speke, John Hanning. "Ipomoea oenotherae (Vatke) Hall. f. var. angustifolia". Global Plants. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  11. ↑ Cufodontis, Georg. "Holotype of Ipomoea oenotherae (Vatke) Hallier f. var. oenotherae". Global Plants. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
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