Islington North
Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
Outline map
Boundary of Islington North in Greater London
CountyGreater London
Electorate75,162 (December 2019)[1]
Current constituency
Created1885
Member of ParliamentJeremy Corbyn (Independent)
SeatsOne
Created fromFinsbury

Islington North (/ˈɪzlɪŋtən nɔːrθ/) is a constituency in Greater London represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 1983 by Jeremy Corbyn, who was Leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Opposition from 2015 to 2020.

The constituency was established for the 1885 general election.

Constituency profile

The seat includes the densely populated and multicultural suburbs of Finsbury Park, Canonbury, Highbury and the northern part of Holloway. Despite high incomes and house prices, there is also more deprivation than the UK average.[2]

Political history

The constituency has elected a Labour Party candidate at each election since a by-election in 1937. Since then the smallest majority was 10.4% of the vote, in a by-election in 1969, on a very low turnout.

The MP since 1983, Jeremy Corbyn, had his smallest majority (15.3%) in 1983 and his largest (60.5%) in 2017. In the ten elections since Corbyn began representing the constituency, the Conservatives have finished in second place five times while the Liberal Democrats have also been runners up on five occasions. The 2015 result made the seat the 26th safest of Labour's 232 seats by percentage of majority.[3]

In the 2016 referendum to leave the European Union, the constituency voted remain by 78.4%. This was the fifth highest support for remain for a constituency.[4]

Boundaries

1885–1918

Islington North in London 1885–1918

The seat was created by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, as one of four divisions of the new parliamentary borough of Islington. The constituency was defined in the legislation as consisting of the single ward of Upper Holloway of the parish of Islington. The ward was one of eight used in the election of Islington vestrymen under the Metropolis Management Act 1855.[5][6]

1918–1950

Islington North in London 1918–50

Under the next redistribution of seats by the Representation of the People Act 1918 constituencies in the County of London were defined in terms of wards of the metropolitan boroughs created in 1900. Islington North comprised three wards of the Metropolitan Borough of Islington: Tollington, Tufnell and Upper Holloway.[6][7]

1950–1974

Islington North in London 1950–74

At the next redistribution of seats by the Representation of the People Act 1948 the constituency was again defined as Tollington, Tufnell and Upper Holloway wards of the Metropolitan Borough of Islington, with boundaries as they existed at the end of 1947.[6][8]

1974–1983

In 1965 local government in Greater London was reorganised, with the formation of London boroughs. The changes were reflected in parliamentary boundaries from 1974. The London Borough of Islington was divided into three constituencies. Islington North was defined as comprising seven wards: Highview, Hillmarton, Hillrise, Junction, Parkway, St. George's and Station.[6][9]

1983–1997

In 1983 the parliamentary representation of Islington was reduced to two constituencies. The new, enlarged, Islington North was formed from ten wards of the borough as they existed in February 1983. These were Gillespie, Highbury, Highview, Hillrise, Junction, Mildmay, Quadrant, St. George's, Sussex and Tollington wards.[10]

1997–2010

In 1997 there were only slight boundary changes, with the constituency defined as the same ten wards with their boundaries as they existed on 1 June 1994.[11]

Since 2010

The seat, which is the smallest constituency in the UK by area,[12] covers the northern half of the London Borough of Islington, which includes the areas of Holloway, Highbury, Tufnell Park, Upper Holloway and Archway.

The constituency now comprises eight electoral wards: Finsbury Park, Highbury East, Highbury West, Hillrise, Junction, Mildmay, St. George's and Tollington.[13]

These boundaries have been considerably changed since 1970, when Islington returned three MPs and shared another with Hackney. This reflects the depopulation of central London on a lowering of adult occupancy of households and the local authority has replaced tower blocks. The core of the constituency was the area north of Seven Sisters Road and Camden Road. At 7.35 square kilometres (2.84 sq mi), it is the smallest UK Parliamentary constituency.[14] At the Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies begun in 2012 the seat was approximately 1,300 electors below the electoral quota and the highest concentration of elector density nationally. The criteria of successive reviews emphasise equal electorates as well as restricting seats to one or, if unavoidable, two local authority areas.[15]

Proposed

Further to the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, enacted by the Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023, the boundaries of the constituency from the next general election, due by January 2025, will be unchanged. However, following a review of local authority ward boundaries which came into effect on 4 May 2022, the composition of the seat will now be composed of the following London Borough of Islington wards:

Arsenal; Finsbury Park; Highbury; Hillrise; Junction; Mildmay; Tollington; Tufnell Park.[16]

Members of Parliament

ElectionMember[17]Party
1885 Sir George Trout Bartley Conservative
1906 David Waterlow Liberal
Dec 1910 Sir George Touche Conservative
1918 Sir Newton Moore Conservative
1923 Sir Henry Cowan Conservative
1929 Robert Young Labour
1931 Albert Goodman Conservative
1937 Leslie Haden-Guest Labour
1950 Moelwyn Hughes Labour
1951 Wilfred Fienburgh Labour
1958 Gerry Reynolds Labour
1969 Michael O'Halloran Labour
1981 SDP
1983 Independent Labour
1983 Jeremy Corbyn Labour
October 2020[18] Independent

Election results

Islington North election results


Elections:  2010s  2000s  1990s  1980s  1970s  1960s  1950s  1940s  1930s  1920s  1910s

Elections in the 2020s

Next general election: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Democrats Vikas Aggarwal[19]
Green Caroline Russell[20]
Majority
Turnout

Elections in the 2010s

General election 2019: Islington North[21][22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Jeremy Corbyn 34,603 64.3 −8.7
Liberal Democrats Nick Wakeling 8,415 15.6 +6.6
Conservative James Clark 5,483 10.2 −2.3
Green Caroline Russell 4,326 8.0 +3.9
Brexit Party Yosef David 742 1.4 N/A
Monster Raving Loony Nick The Incredible Flying Brick 236 0.4 +0.2
Majority 26,188 48.7 −11.8
Turnout 53,805 71.6 −1.8
Registered electors 75,162
Labour hold Swing
General election 2017: Islington North[23][24]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Jeremy Corbyn 40,086 73.0 +12.8
Conservative James Clark 6,871 12.5 −4.7
Liberal Democrats Keith Angus 4,946 9.0 +0.9
Green Caroline Russell 2,229 4.1 −6.1
UKIP Keith Fraser 413 0.8 −3.2
Independent Michael Foster 208 0.4 N/A
Monster Raving Loony Knigel Knapp 106 0.2 N/A
Independent Susanne Cameron-Blackie 41 0.1 N/A
Socialist (GB) Bill Martin 21 0.1 −0.2
Communist League Andres Mendoza 7 0.03 N/A
Majority 33,215 60.5 +17.5
Turnout 54,515 73.4 +6.3
Registered electors 74,831
Labour hold Swing +8.7
General election 2015: Islington North[25][26][27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Jeremy Corbyn 29,659 60.2 +5.7
Conservative Alex Burghart 8,465 17.2 +3.0
Green Caroline Russell 5,043 10.2 +7.2
Liberal Democrats Julian Gregory 3,984 8.1 −18.6
UKIP Greg Clough 1,971 4.0 +2.4
Socialist (GB) Bill Martin 112 0.2 N/A
Majority 21,194 43.0 +15.2
Turnout 49,234 67.1 +1.7
Registered electors 73,326
Labour hold Swing
General election 2010: Islington North[28][29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Jeremy Corbyn 24,276 54.5 +3.3
Liberal Democrats Rhodri Jamieson-Ball 11,875 26.7 −3.2
Conservative Adrian Berrill-Cox 6,339 14.2 +2.3
Green Emma Dixon 1,348 3.0 −4.1
UKIP Dominic Lennon 716 1.6 N/A
Majority 12,401 27.8 +6.5
Turnout 44,554 65.4 +11.5
Registered electors 68,119
Labour hold Swing +3.3

Elections in the 2000s

General election 2005: Islington North[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Jeremy Corbyn 16,118 51.2 −10.7
Liberal Democrats Laura Willoughby 9,402 29.9 +10.9
Conservative Nicola Talbot 3,740 11.9 +1.1
Green Jon Nott 2,234 7.1 +0.9
Majority 6,716 21.3 −21.6
Turnout 31,494 53.9 +5.1
Registered electors 58,428
Labour hold Swing −10.8
General election 2001: Islington North[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Jeremy Corbyn 18,699 61.9 −7.4
Liberal Democrats Laura Willoughby 5,741 19.0 +5.4
Conservative Neil Rands 3,249 10.8 −2.1
Green Christopher Ashby 1,876 6.2 +2.0
Socialist Labour Stephen Cook 512 1.7 N/A
Reform 2000 Party Emine Hassan 139 0.5 N/A
Majority 12,958 42.9 −12.7
Turnout 30,216 48.8 −13.7
Registered electors 61,970
Labour hold Swing −6.4

Elections in the 1990s

General election 1997: Islington North[32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Jeremy Corbyn 24,834 69.3 +11.9
Liberal Democrats James Kempton 4,879 13.6 −1.5
Conservative Simon Fawthrop 4,631 12.9 −10.8
Green Christopher Ashby 1,516 4.2 +0.4
Majority 19,955 55.6 +21.9
Turnout 35,860 62.5 −4.1
Registered electors 57,385
Labour hold Swing +6.7
General election 1992: Islington North[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Jeremy Corbyn 21,742 57.4 +7.4
Conservative Lurline Champagnie 8,958 23.7 −1.6
Liberal Democrats Sarah Ludford 5,732 15.1 −6.7
Green Christopher Ashby 1,420 3.8 +0.9
Majority 12,784 33.7 +9.0
Turnout 37,852 66.6 +0.1
Registered electors 56,270
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Islington North[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Jeremy Corbyn 19,577 50.0 +9.6
Conservative Ernest Noad 9,920 25.3 ±0.0
SDP Alan Whelan 8,560 21.8 −0.6
Green Christopher Ashby 1,131 2.9 N/A
Majority 9,657 24.7 +9.6
Turnout 39,188 66.5 ±0.0
Registered electors 58,917
Labour hold Swing
General election 1983: Islington North[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Jeremy Corbyn 14,951 40.4 −12.2
Conservative David A. Coleman 9,344 25.3 −8.3
SDP John Grant 8,268 22.4 +13.5
Independent Labour Michael O'Halloran 4,091 11.1 N/A
BNP L. A. D. Bearsford-Walker 176 0.5 N/A
Independent Roy A. J. Lincoln 134 0.4 N/A
Majority 5,607 15.1 −3.9
Turnout 36,964 66.5 +5.3
Registered electors 59,984
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1979: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Michael O'Halloran 12,317 52.6 −5.3
Conservative Neil Kerr[36] 7,861 33.6 +6.1
Liberal (Hugh) Kenneth Clarke[36] 2,079 8.9 −3.3
National Front Stephen Hook[36] 501 2.1 N/A
Socialist Unity Michael Simpson[36] 438 1.9 N/A
Workers Revolutionary Roy McCullogh[36] 217 0.9 N/A
Majority 4,456 19.0 −11.4
Turnout 23,413 61.2 +7.0
Registered electors 38,253
Labour hold Swing
General election October 1974: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Michael O'Halloran 12,973 57.9 +6.6
Conservative Charles Wellesley 6,155 27.5 +1.7
Liberal Michael Davenport 2,736 12.2 −5.1
Labour and Democrat D. Fallon 558 2.5 +0.3
Majority 6,818 30.4 +4.9
Turnout 22,422 54.2 −8.9
Registered electors 41,390
Labour hold Swing
General election February 1974: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Michael O'Halloran 13,332 51.3 −7.4
Conservative Mark Wolfson 6,704 25.8 −9.8
Liberal Michael Davenport[37] 4,503 17.3 N/A
National Front J. Score 871 3.4 −2.2
Labour and Democrat D. Fallon 570 2.2 N/A
Majority 6,628 25.5 +2.2
Turnout 25,980 63.1 +14.1
Registered electors 41,185
Labour hold Swing
General election 1970: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Michael O'Halloran 13,010 58.7 −0.8
Conservative Andrew Pearce 7,862 35.6 +4.9
National Front Brian Green 1,232 5.6 N/A
Majority 5,148 23.1 −5.7
Turnout 22,104 49.0 −5.2
Registered electors 45,083
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1960s

1969 Islington North by-election[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Michael O'Halloran 7,288 49.2 −10.2
Conservative Andrew Pearce 5,754 38.9 +8.2
Liberal Eric G. Thwaites 1,514 10.2 +0.4
Independent Socialist Austin Williams 245 1.7 N/A
Majority 1,534 10.4 −18.4
Turnout 14,801 32.8 −21.4
Registered electors 45,077
Labour hold Swing −9.2
General election 1966: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Gerry Reynolds 16,188 59.46 +4.15
Conservative Michael Morris 8,357 30.69 −1.06
Liberal Eric G. Thwaites 2,682 9.85 −3.10
Majority 7,831 28.77 +5.21
Turnout 27,227 54.23 −0.47
Registered electors 50,203
Labour hold Swing
General election 1964: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Gerry Reynolds 15,525 55.31 −0.49
Conservative Victor Lyon 8,912 31.75 −12.45
Liberal Eric G. Thwaites 3,634 12.95 N/A
Majority 6,613 23.56 +11.96
Turnout 28,071 54.70 −7.30
Registered electors 51,315
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1959: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Gerry Reynolds 18,718 55.8 −4.5
Conservative Ronald Bartle 14,820 44.2 +4.5
Majority 3,898 11.6 −9.0
Turnout 33,538 62.0 −2.7
Registered electors 54,120
Labour hold Swing −12.5
1958 Islington North by-election[39]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Gerry Reynolds 13,159 66.8 +6.5
Conservative Ronald Bartle 5,968 30.3 −9.4
Ind. Labour Party Jim McKie 576 2.9 N/A
Majority 7,461 36.5 +15.9
Turnout 19,703 35.6 −29.1
Registered electors 54,576
Labour hold Swing +7.9
General election 1955: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Wilfred Fienburgh 22,100 60.3 +0.7
Conservative Euan Mackinnon 14,522 39.7 −0.7
Majority 7,578 20.6 +1.4
Turnout 36,622 64.7 −13.1
Registered electors 56,574
Labour hold Swing +0.7
General election 1951: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Wilfred Fienburgh 27,406 59.6 +1.7
Conservative Graham Page 18,541 40.4 +3.2
Majority 8,865 19.2 −1.5
Turnout 45,947 77.8 +1.1
Registered electors 59,039
Labour hold Swing −0.8
General election 1950: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Moelwyn Hughes 26,354 57.9 −9.5
Conservative Graham Page 16,935 37.2 +4.6
Liberal Robert Eric Burns 2,189 4.8 N/A
Majority 9,419 20.7 −14.1
Turnout 45,478 76.7 +9.5
Registered electors 59,086
Labour hold Swing −7.1

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Leslie Haden-Guest 23,234 67.4 +14.9
Conservative Charles Rhys 11,240 32.6 −14.9
Majority 11,994 34.8 +29.8
Turnout 23,236 67.2 +26.8
Registered electors 51,324
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1930s

1937 Islington North by-election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Leslie Haden-Guest 13,523 52.5 +6.9
Conservative Wilfrid Sugden 12,227 47.5 −6.9
Majority 1,296 5.0 N/A
Turnout 27,750 40.4 −19.3
Registered electors 63,747
Labour gain from Conservative Swing 6.9
General election 1935: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Albert Goodman 20,744 54.44 −11.63
Labour Robert Young 17,359 45.56 +11.63
Majority 3,385 8.88 −23.26
Turnout 38,103 59.69 −8.65
Registered electors 63,835
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1931: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Albert Goodman 28,790 66.07 +31.27
Labour Robert Young 14,783 33.93 −8.87
Majority 14,007 32.14 +25.14
Turnout 43,573 66.54 −1.46
Registered electors 65,486
Conservative gain from Labour Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1929: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Robert Young 18,272 41.8 +6.5
Unionist Gordon Touche 15,207 34.8 −9.6
Liberal Domini Crosfield 10,210 23.4 +3.1
Majority 3,065 7.0 N/A
Turnout 43,689 68.0 −4.2
Registered electors 64,241
Labour gain from Unionist Swing +8.1
General election 1924: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Henry Cowan 15,562 44.4 +7.9
Labour Ewart Culpin 12,376 35.3 +6.4
Liberal Norman Thomas Carr Sargant 7,136 20.3 −14.3
Majority 3,186 9.1 +7.2
Turnout 35,074 72.2 +10.6
Registered electors 48,573
Unionist hold Swing +0.8
Henry Cowan
General election 1923: Islington North [40]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Henry Cowan 10,802 36.5 −10.5
Liberal Norman Thomas Carr Sargant 10,219 34.6 +9.4
Labour George Bennett 8,556 28.9 +1.1
Majority 583 1.9 −17.3
Turnout 29,577 61.6 +0.5
Registered electors 48,002
Unionist hold Swing −10.0
General election 1922: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Newton Moore 13,520 47.0 −21.5
Labour Edith Picton-Turbervill 7,993 27.8 N/A
Liberal Norman Thomas Carr Sargant 7,256 25.2 +13.0
Majority 5,527 19.2 −30.0
Turnout 28,769 61.1 +11.5
Registered electors 47,059
Unionist hold Swing −17.3

Elections in the 1910s

Moore
General election 1918: Islington North
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
C Unionist Newton Moore 14,183 68.5 +16.6
British Socialist Party *John Arnall 4,000 19.3 N/A
Liberal Norman Thomas Carr Sargant 2,529 12.2 −35.9
Majority 10,183 49.2 +45.4
Turnout 20,712 49.6 −32.8
Registered electors 41,769
Unionist hold Swing +26.3
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

* Craig lists Arnall as an Independent Labour candidate.

Touche
General election December 1910: Islington North [41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative George Touche 5,428 51.9 +2.0
Liberal David Waterlow 5,022 48.1 −2.0
Majority 406 3.8 N/A
Turnout 10,450 82.4 −4.8
Registered electors 12,677
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +2.0
General election January 1910: Islington North [41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal David Waterlow 5,543 50.1 −4.4
Conservative George Touche 5,512 49.9 +4.4
Majority 31 0.2 −8.8
Turnout 11,055 87.2 +6.9
Registered electors 12,677
Liberal hold Swing −4.4

Elections in the 1900s

Waterlow
General election 1906: Islington North [41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal David Waterlow 5,284 54.5 +20.0
Conservative George Trout Bartley 4,418 45.5 −20.0
Majority 866 9.0 N/A
Turnout 9,702 80.3 +18.0
Registered electors 12,075
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +20.0
Rawlings
General election 1900: Islington North [41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative George Trout Bartley 4,881 65.5 +7.3
Liberal Edmund Charles Rawlings 2,567 34.5 −7.3
Majority 2,314 31.0 +14.6
Turnout 7,448 62.3 -11.2
Registered electors 11,964
Conservative hold Swing +7.3

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1895: Islington North [41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative George Trout Bartley 4,626 58.2 +3.2
Liberal Thomas Bateman Napier 3,317 41.8 −3.2
Majority 1,309 16.4 +6.4
Turnout 7,943 73.5 −1.6
Registered electors 10,803
Conservative hold Swing +3.2
General election 1892: Islington North [41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative George Trout Bartley 4,456 55.0 −8.6
Liberal James Hill[42] 3,646 45.0 +8.6
Majority 810 10.0 −17.2
Turnout 8,102 75.1 +5.2
Registered electors 10,782
Conservative hold Swing −8.6

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1886: Islington North [41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative George Trout Bartley 3,456 63.6 +9.2
Liberal Peter Clayden 1,976 36.4 −9.2
Majority 1,480 27.2 +18.4
Turnout 5,432 69.9 −13.9
Registered electors 7,774
Conservative hold Swing +9.2
General election 1885: Islington North [41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative George Trout Bartley 3,545 54.4
Liberal Samuel Danks Waddy 2,972 45.6
Majority 573 8.8
Turnout 6,517 83.8
Registered electors 7,774
Conservative win (new seat)

Further information

A short film was made about the 1969 by-election. This highlighted the importance of the local Irish community, the poor local housing conditions (the opening line talks of "a crowded, crumbling constituency") and the relatively low turn-outs at previous elections. The film is now available through British Pathé Archive.[43]

Michael O'Halloran, elected Labour MP for Islington North in 1969, was the subject of an investigation in the early-1970s by The Sunday Times newspaper. They highlighted his background with a local building company and the local Irish community and queried the tactics of his supporters during his selection as candidate.

O'Halloran defected to the SDP in September 1981, as did both of the other Islington MPs. However the Boundary Commission cut the number of constituencies in Islington from three to two. O'Halloran sought selection as the SDP candidate for the revised Islington North constituency but the local SDP association selected John Grant, then-SDP (elected as Labour) MP for Islington Central, as their official candidate. In February 1983, O'Halloran resigned his membership of the SDP and sat in Parliament as an "Independent Labour" member, supporting the Parliamentary Labour Party. Despite this, he failed to regain the Labour Party nomination for the 1983 general election and he was defeated by the new Labour candidate, Jeremy Corbyn, and finished in fourth place with 11.1% of the vote.

Corbyn defeated Paul Boateng for the Labour Party selection. Boateng subsequently became the first Black Cabinet Minister in the UK.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Electorate Figures – Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
  2. ↑ Electoral Calculus https://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/fcgi-bin/seatdetails.py?seat=Islington+North
  3. ↑ "Labour Members of Parliament 2015". UK Political.info. Archived from the original on 29 September 2018.
  4. ↑ "Revised estimates of leave vote in Westminster constituencies". Retrieved 26 October 2016.
  5. ↑ Redistribution Of Seats Act, 1885. Sixth Schedule. Divisions Of Boroughs. Number, Names, Contents, And Boundaries Of Divisions.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Youngs Jr., Frederic A. (1979). Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England, Vol.I: Southern England. London: Royal Historical Society. pp. 743, 746, 749. ISBN 0-901050-67-9.
  7. ↑ Representation Of The People Act 1918. Ninth Schedule. Redistribution Of Seats.
  8. ↑ Representation Of The People Act 1948, First Schedule. Parliamentary Constituencies.
  9. ↑ The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1970 (S.I. 1970/1674).
  10. ↑ The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1983 (S.I. 1983/417).
  11. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1995 (S.I. 1995/1626)". legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives (United Kingdom). Retrieved 27 May 2013.
  12. ↑ "Standard Area Measurements (2019) for Electoral Areas in the United Kingdom". geoportal.statistics.gov.uk. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
  13. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 2007 (S.I. 2007/1681)". legislation.gov.uk. The National Archives (United Kingdom). Retrieved 27 May 2013.
  14. ↑ Parliamentary constituencies, UK Parliament; Accessed 12 August 2015.
  15. ↑ "Fifth Periodical Report" (PDF).
  16. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023". Schedule 1 Part 3 London region.
  17. ↑ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "T" (part 1)
  18. ↑ "Jeremy Corbyn". members.parliament.uk.
  19. ↑ "Liberal Democrat Prospective Parliamentary Candidates". Mark Pack. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  20. ↑ "Full list of all Green Party candidates at the next general election". Bright Green. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  21. ↑ "General Election 2019 candidates". London Borough of Islington. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
  22. ↑ "Commons Briefing Paper 8749. General Election 2019: results and analysis" (PDF). London: House of Commons Library. 28 January 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  23. ↑ "Election results". London Borough of Islington. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
  24. ↑ "Commons Briefing Paper 7979. General Election 2017: results and analysis" (PDF) (Second ed.). House of Commons Library. 29 January 2019 [7 April 2018]. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 November 2019.
  25. ↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  26. ↑ "Islington Council". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  27. ↑ General Election – Campaign News Archived 2015-01-20 at the Wayback Machine Socialist Party of Great Britain, 15 January 2015.
  28. ↑ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  29. ↑ "Islington Council" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2012.
  30. ↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  31. ↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  32. ↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  33. ↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  34. ↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  35. ↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  36. 1 2 3 4 5 Election Expenses. Parliament of the United Kingdom. 1980. p. 16. ISBN 0102374805.
  37. ↑ William Wolff (25 February 1974). "Why the Big Guns failed to fire". Daily Mirror. p. 15.
  38. ↑ "1969 By Election Results". British Elections Ephemera Archive. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  39. ↑ "1958 By Election Results". Archived from the original on 25 June 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
  40. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918–1949, F. W. S. Craig.
  41. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 British Parliamentary Election Results 1885–1918, F. W. S. Craig.
  42. ↑ "Islington". London Standard. 6 July 1892. p. 5. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  43. ↑ "North Islington Elections (1969)". Archived from the original on 12 December 2021 – via www.youtube.com.

Bibliography

  • Iain Dale, ed. (2003). The Times House of Commons 1929, 1931, 1935. Politico's (reprint). ISBN 1-84275-033-X.
  • The Times House of Commons 1945. 1945. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  • The Times House of Commons 1950. 1950. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  • The Times House of Commons 1955. 1955. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  • Craig, F. W. S. (1983) [1969]. British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 (3rd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.

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