Xàbia
Jávea/Xàbia
Municipality
View of Xàbia from Montgó massif
View of Xàbia from Montgó massif
Coat of arms of Xàbia
Coat of arms
Xàbia is located in Province of Alicante
Xàbia
Xàbia
Location in the Province of Alicante
Xàbia is located in Valencian Community
Xàbia
Xàbia
Xàbia (Valencian Community)
Xàbia is located in Spain
Xàbia
Xàbia
Xàbia (Spain)
Coordinates: 38°47′21″N 0°9′47″E / 38.78917°N 0.16306°E / 38.78917; 0.16306
Country Spain
Autonomous community Valencian Community
ProvinceAlicante
ComarcaMarina Alta
Judicial districtDénia
Government
 • MayorJosé F. Chulvi Español (2011) (Coalition: PSPV, XD, CpJ)
Area
 • Total68.59 km2 (26.48 sq mi)
Elevation
12 m (39 ft)
Population
 (2018)[1]
 • Total27,224
 • Density400/km2 (1,000/sq mi)
Demonym(s)xabienc, xabienca (va)
javiense (es)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
03730, 03737, 03738, 03739
Official language(s)Valencian and Spanish
WebsiteOfficial website

Xàbia (Valencian: [ˈʃabia]) or Jávea (Spanish: [ˈxaβea]) is a coastal town and municipality in the comarca of Marina Alta, in the province of Alicante, Valencia, Spain, by the Mediterranean Sea. Situated on the side of the Montgó Massif, behind a wide bay and sheltered between two rocky headlands, the town has become a very popular small seaside resort and market town. Half of its resident population and over two thirds of its annual visitors are foreigners.[2]

History

The area was first inhabited in prehistoric times, 30,000 years ago by cave dwellers on Montgó.[3] Subsequent residents have included Stone and Bronze-age peoples, Romans, Greeks, Phoenicians, Visigoths, Germanic, Carthaginians, and Moors. Roman fishing boats used the port, and there is evidence that dates the Roman occupation of Xàbia to the 2nd century BC, it makes Xàbia the oldest known Roman site on the coast with a commercial port for fish and minerals.

According to legend, Christian Visigoth monks came to Xàbia in the 6th century AD and founded the monastery of Sant Martí, which likely gave its name to the cape in the area named Cap San Martí. Hermenegild, son of the Visigoth king Leovigild of Toledo, sought refuge in the Monastery after angering his father by marrying a Christian girl. When his father's troops arrived to arrest him all but one monk fled to Portichol; Hermenegild and the old monk were killed.[4] Several people with Visigoth names still live in the area. There is no archaeological evidence for the existence of the monastery of San Martí. [5]

There is little left of the Moors and their culture, other than some inscribed gravestones and ceramics. They had controlled the area from about 714 AD until they (the Moriscos) were finally expelled from the Alicante region in 1609.[6] The hermitage of Popol dates to the 14th century.

In the 16th and 17th centuries pirate raids were prevalent, so a wall was built around the town for protection. The wall was later torn down, and today a replica exists in its place in certain sections.[7]

Archaeology

In September 2021, archaeologists announced the discovery of trove of 1,500-year-old gold coins from the Roman Empire. A hoard of 50 coins with inscriptions was almost well-preserved and easily readable. According to researchers, Roman Emperors' pictures included Valentinian I (three coins), Valentinian II (seven coins), Theodosius I (15 coins), Arcadius (17 coins), Honorius (10 coins) and an unidentified coin were depicted on the coins.[8][9][10][11][12]

Geography

Xàbia is situated in the north of the province, on the easternmost point of the Mediterranean coast. The island of Ibiza lies some 90 kilometres (56 mi) to the east, and it can be seen on clear days. Flat, fertile agricultural land stretches for miles inland, criss-crossed by small streams and used primarily for growing citrus and olive trees. The coastline of Xàbia features four capes; Cabo de San Antonio, Cap de la Nau (the largest), Cap Negre and Cap Martí.[13]

The Montgó Massif, which shelters Xàbia, is the highest summit of the region standing at a height of over 750m. The Parque natural del Macizo del Montgó was declared in 1987, stretching across the area of La Plana to the cape of Sant Antoni.[14] Cape San Antonio is located nearby.

Transport

The port has a gravel beach and marina, known as Duanes de la Mar. Whilst the history of the harbour stretches back to the 15th century, the first jetty was built in 1871 and it became an important gateway for the export of raisins.[15] The raisin trade collapsed at the end of the 19th century, and the settlement became only a fishing harbour. The modern harbour was built in the 1950s and 1960s. The nautical club has been in the central area of the harbour since 1963. The landmark is the church of Mare de Déu de Loreto, built in 1967 in the shape of an oval boat keel, to resemble a fishing vessel bursting through the waves.[15]

Notable people

References

  1. ↑ Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.
  2. ↑ Datos del Padrón de Jávea/Xàbia.
  3. ↑ The history of Javea.
  4. ↑ Espinosa, Antonio; Lara, Fernando Sáez; Castillo, Rocío (2006). Puertos y navegacion en las costas valencianas meridionales (s. I-X: .) (in Spanish). John and Erica Hedges Ltd. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-84171-735-7.
  5. ↑ "Xàbia : Facts and Anecdotes - Did you know that Cap de Martì (Also called Cap Sant Martì ) is the easternmost extremity of the Comunidad Valenciana, and lies on a centuries-old sea route between the Western and the Eastern Mediterranean?".
  6. ↑ Stansfield, Bob (2004). Costa Blanca Mountain Walks - East. Cicerone Press Limited. p. 260. ISBN 978-1-85284-338-0.
  7. ↑ Lloyd. The History of Javea - Piracy.
  8. ↑ "Roman Gold Coins Discovered Off Coast of Spain - Archaeology Magazine". www.archaeology.org. Retrieved 2021-09-30.
  9. ↑ Geggel, Laura (2021-09-27). "Amateur freedivers find gold treasure dating to the fall of the Roman Empire". livescience.com. Retrieved 2021-09-30.
  10. ↑ "Fifty-three gold coins from the 4th and 5th centuries found on the seabed of Portitxol in Xàbia". web.ua.es. Retrieved 2021-09-30.
  11. ↑ Shoaib, Alia. "Amateur divers find an 'incredible' treasure trove of gold coins from the Roman Empire while cleaning up trash on the seabed". Business Insider. Retrieved 2021-09-30.
  12. ↑ Jack Guy (23 September 2021). "Amateur divers discover 'enormously valuable' hoard of Roman coins". CNN. Retrieved 2021-09-30.
  13. ↑ Gómez, Antonio López; Verger, Vicente M. Rosselló (1978). Geografía de la provincia de Alicante (in Spanish). Excma. Diputación Provincial. p. 6. ISBN 9788450026375.
  14. ↑ Mantecón, Alejandro (14 March 2008). La experiencia del turismo: un estudio sociológico sobre el proceso turístico- residencial (in Spanish). Icaria Editorial. p. 97. ISBN 978-84-7426-977-2.
  15. 1 2 "Visit Duanes de la Mar". en.xabia.org. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
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