John Pilger
Pilger in 2011
Born(1939-10-09)9 October 1939
Bondi, New South Wales, Australia
Died30 December 2023(2023-12-30) (aged 84)
London, England
Nationality
  • Australian
  • British
EducationSydney Boys High School
Occupations
  • Journalist
  • author
  • filmmaker
Spouse
Scarth Flett
​
(divorced)​
PartnerJane Hill
Children2, including Zoe
AwardsFull list
WebsiteOfficial website

John Richard Pilger (/ˈpɪldʒər/; 9 October 1939 – 30 December 2023) was an Australian journalist, writer, scholar and documentary filmmaker.[1] From 1962, he was based mainly in Britain.[2][3][4] He was also a visiting professor at Cornell University in New York.[5]

Pilger was a critic of American, Australian and British foreign policy, which he considered to be driven by an imperialist and colonialist agenda. He criticised his native country's treatment of Indigenous Australians. He first drew international attention for his reports on the Cambodian genocide.[6]

Pilger's career as a documentary film maker began with The Quiet Mutiny (1970), made during one of his visits to Vietnam, and continued with over 50 documentaries thereafter. Other works in this form include Year Zero (1979), about the aftermath of the Pol Pot regime in Cambodia, and Death of a Nation: The Timor Conspiracy (1993). His many documentary films on indigenous Australians include The Secret Country (1985) and Utopia (2013). In the British print media, Pilger worked at the Daily Mirror from 1963 to 1986,[7] and wrote a regular column for the New Statesman magazine from 1991 to 2014.

Pilger won Britain's Journalist of the Year Award in 1967 and 1979.[8] His documentaries have gained awards in Britain and abroad,[7] including a BAFTA.[9]

Early life and education

John Richard Pilger was born on 9 October 1939[10][11] in Bondi, New South Wales,[7] the son of Claude and Elsie Pilger. His older brother, Graham (1932–2017), was a disabled rights activist who later advised the government of Gough Whitlam.[12] Pilger was of German descent on his father's side,[13] while his mother had English, German and Irish ancestry; two of his maternal great-great-grandparents were Irish convicts transported to Australia.[14][15][16] His mother taught French in school.[14]

Pilger and his brother attended Sydney Boys High School,[7][12] where he began a student newspaper, The Messenger. He later joined a four-year journalist trainee scheme with the Australian Consolidated Press.[7]

Newspaper and television career

Newspaper

Beginning his career in 1958 as a copy boy with the Sydney Sun, Pilger later moved to Daily Telegraph in Sydney, where he was a reporter, sportswriter and sub-editor.[7][17] He also freelanced and worked for the Sydney Sunday Telegraph, the daily paper's sister title. After moving to Europe, he was a freelance correspondent in Italy for a year.[18]

Settling in London in 1962 and working as a sub-editor, Pilger joined British United Press and then Reuters on its Middle-East desk.[18] In 1963, he was recruited by the English Daily Mirror, again as a sub-editor.[18] Later, he advanced to become a reporter, a feature writer, and chief foreign correspondent for the title. While living and working in the United States for the Daily Mirror, on 5 June 1968 he witnessed the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy in Los Angeles during his presidential campaign.[19] He was a war correspondent in Vietnam, Cambodia, Bangladesh and Biafra. Nearly eighteen months after Robert Maxwell bought the Mirror (on 12 July 1984), Pilger was sacked by Richard Stott, the newspaper's editor, on 31 December 1985.[20]

Pilger was a founder of the News on Sunday tabloid in 1984 and became its editor-in-chief in 1986.[21] During the period of hiring staff, Pilger was away for several months filming The Secret Country in Australia. Prior to this, he had given editor Keith Sutton a list of people who he thought might be recruited for the paper, but found on his return to Britain that none of them had been hired.[22]

Pilger, however, came into conflict with those around him. He disagreed with the founders' decision to base the paper in Manchester and then clashed with the governing committees; the paper was intended to be a workers' co-operative.[23][24] Sutton's appointment as editor was Pilger's suggestion, but he fell out with Sutton over his plan to produce a left-wing Sun newspaper.[23] The two men ended up producing their own dummies, but the founders and the various committees backed Sutton.[23] Pilger, appointed with "overall editorial control",[21] resigned at this point before the first issue appeared.[25] The first issue appeared on 27 April 1987 and The News on Sunday soon closed.

Pilger returned to the Mirror in 2001 after the 9/11 attacks, while Piers Morgan was editor.[26]

His most frequent outlet for many years was the New Statesman, where he had a fortnightly column from 1991 when Steve Platt was editor to 2014.[27][28] In 2018, Pilger said his "written journalism is no longer welcome" in the mainstream and that "probably its last home" was in The Guardian. His last column for The Guardian was in November 2019.[28]

Television

With the actor David Swift, and the film makers Paul Watson and Charles Denton, Pilger formed Tempest Films in 1969. "We wanted a frontman with a mind of his own, rather like another James Cameron, with whom Richard [Marquand] had worked", Swift once said. "Paul thought John was very charismatic, as well as marketing extremely original, refreshingly radical ideas." The company was unable to gain commissions from either the BBC or ITV, but did manage to package potential projects.[29]

Pilger's career on television began on World in Action (Granada Television) in 1969, directed by Denton, for whom he made two documentaries broadcast in 1970 and 1971, the earliest of more than fifty in his career. The Quiet Mutiny (1970) was filmed at Camp Snuffy, presenting a character study of the common US soldier during the Vietnam War. It revealed the shifting morale and open rebellion of American troops. Pilger later described the film as "something of a scoop" – it was the first documentary to show the problems with morale among the drafted ranks of the US military. In an interview with the New Statesman, Pilger said:

When I flew to New York and showed it to Mike Wallace, the star reporter of CBS' 60 Minutes, he agreed. "Real shame we can't show it here".[30]

He made other documentaries about the United States involvement in Vietnam, including Vietnam: Still America's War (1974), Do You Remember Vietnam? (1978), and Vietnam: The Last Battle (1995).

During his work with BBC's Midweek television series during 1972–73,[31] Pilger completed five documentary reports, but only two were broadcast.

Pilger was successful in gaining a regular television outlet at ATV. The Pilger half-hour documentary series was commissioned by Charles Denton, then a producer with ATV, for screening on the British ITV network. The series ran for five seasons from 1974 until 1977,[31] at first running in the UK on Sunday afternoons after Weekend World. The theme song for the series was composed by Lynsey de Paul.[32] Later the program was scheduled in a weekday peak-time evening slot. The last series included "A Faraway Country" (September 1977) about dissidents in Czechoslovakia, then still part of the Communist Soviet bloc. Pilger and his team interviewed members of Charter 77 and other groups, clandestinely using domestic film equipment. In the documentary Pilger praises the dissidents' courage and commitment to freedom and describes the communist totalitarianism as "fascism disguised as socialism".[33]

Pilger was later given an hour slot at 9 pm, before News at Ten, which gave him a high profile in Britain. After ATV lost its franchise in 1981, he continued to make documentaries for screening on ITV, initially for Central, and later via Carlton Television.

Documentaries and career: 1978–2000

Cambodia

In 1979, Pilger and two colleagues with whom he collaborated for many years, documentary filmmaker David Munro and photographer Eric Piper, entered Cambodia in the wake of the overthrow of the Pol Pot regime. They made photographs and reports that were world exclusives. The first was published as a special issue of the Daily Mirror, which sold out. They also produced an ITV documentary, Year Zero: the Silent Death of Cambodia.[34]

Following the showing of Year Zero, some $45 million was raised, unsolicited, in mostly small donations, including almost £4 million raised by schoolchildren in the UK. This funded the first substantial relief to Cambodia, including the shipment of life-saving drugs such as penicillin, and clothing to replace the black uniforms people had been forced to wear. According to Brian Walker, director of Oxfam, "a solidarity and compassion surged across our nation" from the broadcast of Year Zero.[35]

William Shawcross wrote in his book The Quality of Mercy: Cambodia, Holocaust and Modern Conscience (1984) about Pilger's series of articles about Cambodia in the Daily Mirror during August 1979:

A rather interesting quality of the articles was their concentration on Nazism and the holocaust. Pilger called Pol Pot 'an Asian Hitler' — and said he was even worse than Hitler . . . Again and again Pilger compared the Khmer Rouge to the Nazis. Their Marxist-Leninist ideology was not even mentioned in the Mirror, except to say they were inspired by the Red Guards. Their intellectual origins were described as 'anarchist' rather than Communist".[36]

Ben Kiernan, in his review of Shawcross's book, notes that Pilger did compare Pol Pot's Khmer Rouge to Stalin's terror, as well as to Mao's Red Guards. Kiernan notes instances where other writers' comparisons of Pol Pot to Hitler or the Vietnamese to the Nazis are either accepted by Shawcross in his account, or not mentioned.[37]

Shawcross wrote in The Quality of Mercy that "Pilger's reports underwrote almost everything that refugees along the Thai border had been saying about the cruelty of Khmer Rouge rule since 1975, and that had already appeared in the books by the Reader's Digest and François Ponchaud. In Heroes, Pilger disputes François Ponchaud and Shawcross's account of Vietnamese atrocities during the Vietnamese invasion and near famine as being "unsubstantiated".[38] Ponchaud had interviewed members of anti-communist groups living in the Thai refugee border camps. According to Pilger, "At the very least the effect of Shawcross's 'exposé'" of Cambodians' treatment at the hands of the Vietnamese "was to blur the difference between Cambodia under Pol Pot and Cambodia liberated by the Vietnamese: in truth, a difference of night and day".[38] In his book, Shawcross himself doubted that anyone had died of starvation.[37]

Pilger and Munro made four later films about Cambodia. Pilger's documentary Cambodia – The Betrayal (1990), prompted a libel case against him, which was settled at the High Court with an award against Pilger and Central Television. The Times of 6 July 1991 reported:

Two men who claimed that a television documentary accused them of being SAS members who trained Pol Pot's Khmer Rouge to lay mines, accepted "very substantial" libel damages in the High Court yesterday. Christopher Geidt and Anthony De Normann settled their action against the journalist John Pilger and Central Television on the third day of the hearing. Desmond Browne, QC, for Mr Pilger and Central Television, said his clients had not intended to allege the two men trained the Khmer Rouge to lay mines, but they accepted that was how the program had been understood.[39]

Pilger said the defence case collapsed because the government issued a gagging order, citing national security, which prevented three government ministers and two former heads of the SAS from appearing in court.[40] The film received a British Academy of Film and Television Award nomination in 1991.[41]

Thai slavery story

In 1982 Pilger wrote an article for the Daily Mirror in which he claimed to have bought an 8-year-old Thai slave girl for £85, and subsequently to have discovered her village of origin in Northern Thailand and returned her to her mother, with Pilger pledging money to support the girl's education. This story was subsequently cast into doubt by an investigation in the Far Eastern Economic Review (FEER) which uncovered that the girl and her mother had been paid to play their respective parts by a fixer working for Pilger. Pilger accused those involved at FEER of being CIA agents. An article by Auberon Waugh to the The Spectator cast further doubt on the story. Pilger threatened The Spectator with an action for libel. The matter was settled out of court without any payment to Pilger.[42][43]

Australia's Indigenous peoples

Pilger long criticised aspects of Australian government policy, particularly what he regarded as its inherent racism resulting in the poor treatment of Indigenous Australians. In 1969, Pilger went with Australian activist Charlie Perkins on a tour to Jay Creek in Central Australia. He compared what he witnessed in Jay Creek to South African apartheid.[44] He saw the appalling conditions that the Aboriginal people were living under, with children suffering from malnutrition and grieving mothers and grandmothers having had their lighter-skinned children and grandchildren removed by the police and welfare agencies. Equally, he learned of Aboriginal boys being sent to work on white-run farms, and Aboriginal girls working as servants in middle-class homes as undeclared slave labour.[45]

Pilger made several documentaries about Indigenous Australians, such as The Secret Country: The First Australians Fight Back (1985) and Welcome to Australia (1999). His book on the subject, A Secret Country, was first published in 1989. Pilger wrote in 2000 that the 1998 legislation that removed the common-law rights of Indigenous peoples:

is just one of the disgraces that has given Australia the distinction of being the only developed country whose government has been condemned as racist by the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.[46]

Pilger returned to this subject with Utopia, released in 2013 (see below).

East Timor

Death of a Nation: The Timor Conspiracy

In East Timor Pilger clandestinely shot Death of a Nation: The Timor Conspiracy about the brutal Indonesian occupation of East Timor, which began in 1975.

Death of a Nation contributed to an international outcry which ultimately led to Indonesian withdrawal from East Timor and eventual independence in 2000. When Death of a Nation was screened in Britain it was the highest rating documentary in 15 years and 5,000 telephone calls per minute were made to the programme's action line.[47] When Death of a Nation was screened in Australia in June 1994, Foreign Minister Gareth Evans declared that Pilger "had a track record of distorted sensationalism mixed with sanctimony."[48]

Documentaries and career since 2000

Palestine Is Still the Issue

Pilger's documentary Palestine Is Still the Issue was released in 2002 and had Ilan Pappé as historical adviser. Pilger said the film describes how an "historic injustice has been done to the Palestinian people, and until Israel's illegal and brutal occupation ends, there will be no peace for anyone, Israelis included". He said the responses of his interviewees "put the lie to the standard Zionist cry that any criticism of Israel is anti-semitic, a claim that insults all those Jewish people who reject the likes of Ariel Sharon acting in their name".[49] Its broadcast resulted in complaints by the Israeli embassy, the Board of Deputies of British Jews, and the Conservative Friends of Israel that it was inaccurate and biased.[50] Michael Green, chairman of Carlton Communications, the company that made the film, also objected to it in an interview with The Jewish Chronicle.[51][52]

The UK television regulator, the Independent Television Commission (ITC), ordered an investigation. The ITC investigation rejected the complaints about the film, stating in its report:

The ITC raised with Carlton all the significant areas of inaccuracy critics of the programme alleged and the broadcaster answered them by reference to a range of historical texts. The ITC is not a tribunal of fact and is particularly aware of the difficulties of verifying 'historical fact' but the comprehensiveness and authority of Carlton's sources were persuasive, not least because many appeared to be of Israeli origin.[53]

The ITC concluded that in Pilger's documentary "adequate opportunity was given to a pro-Israeli government perspective" and that the programme "was not in breach of the ITC Programme Code".[53][54]

Stealing a Nation

Pilger's documentary Stealing a Nation (2004) recounts the experiences of the late 20th-century trials of the people of the Chagos Islands in the Indian Ocean. The documentary primarily focuses on the expulsion of the Chagossians by Britain and the USA between 1967 and 1973 to Mauritius, and the poor economic situation faced by the islanders as a result of the deportation. Diego Garcia, the largest island in the Chagos Islands, was leased to the United States government which began the construction of a major military base for the region. In the 21st century, the US used the base for planes which were bombing targets in Iraq and Afghanistan.

In a 2000 ruling on the events, the International Court of Justice described the wholesale removal of the Chagossian peoples from the Chagos Islands by Britain as "a crime against humanity". Pilger strongly criticised Tony Blair for failing to respond in a substantive way to the 2000 High Court ruling that the expulsion of the Chagossian people to Mauritius was illegal.

In March 2005, Stealing a Nation received the Royal Television Society Award.

Latin America: The War on Democracy (2007)

The documentary The War on Democracy (2007) was Pilger's first film to be released in the cinema. In "an unremitting assault on American foreign policy since 1945", according to Andrew Billen in The Times, the film explores the role of US interventions, overt and covert, in toppling a series of governments in the region, and placing "a succession of favourably disposed bullies in control of its Latino backyard".[55] It discusses the US role in the overthrow in 1973 of the democratically elected Chilean leader Salvador Allende, who was replaced by the military dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet. Pilger interviews several ex-CIA agents who purportedly took part in secret campaigns against democratic governments in South America. It also contains what Peter Bradshaw in The Guardian described as "a dewy-eyed interview" with President Hugo Chávez of Venezuela, which has moments of "almost Hello!-magazine deference".[56]

Pilger explores the US Army School of the Americas in the US state of Georgia. Generations of South American military were trained there, with a curriculum including counter-insurgency techniques. Attendees reportedly included members of Pinochet's security services, along with men from Haiti, El Salvador, Argentina and Brazil who have been implicated in human rights abuses.

The film also details the attempted overthrow of Venezuela's President Hugo Chávez in 2002, and the response of the people of Caracas. It looks at the wider rise of populist governments across South America, led by figures calling for loosening ties with the United States and attempting a more equitable redistribution of the continent's natural wealth. Of "Chávez's decision to bypass the National Assembly for 18 months, and rule by decree", Peter Bradshaw writes "Pilger passes over it very lightly".[56]

Pilger said the film is about the struggle of people to free themselves from a modern form of slavery. These people, he says,

describe a world not as American presidents like to see it as useful or expendable, they describe the power of courage and humanity among people with next to nothing. They reclaim noble words like democracy, freedom, liberation, justice, and in doing so they are defending the most basic human rights of all of us in a war being waged against all of us.[57]

The War on Democracy won the Best Documentary category at the One World Media Awards in 2008.[58]

The War You Don't See (2010)

The subject of The War You Don't See is the role of the media in making war. It concentrates on the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and Israel's occupation of the Palestinian territories. It begins with the Collateral Murder video leaked by Chelsea Manning and released by WikiLeaks. In an interview, Julian Assange describes WikiLeaks as an organisation that gives power to 'conscientious objectors' within 'power systems'. The documentary contends that the CIA uses intelligence to manipulate public opinion and that the media collude by following the official line. During the documentary Pilger states that "propaganda relies on us in the media to aim its deceptions not at a far away country but at you at home".[59][60][61][62][63]

John Lloyd in the Financial Times said The War You Don't See was a "one-sided" documentary which "had no thought of explaining, even hinting, that the wars fought by the US and the UK had a scrap of just cause, nor of examining the nature of what Pilger simply stated were "lies" – especially those that took the two countries to the invasion of Iraq".[64]

Utopia (2013)

With Utopia, Pilger returned to the experiences of Indigenous Australians and what he termed "the denigrating of their humanity".[65] A documentary feature film, it takes its title from Utopia, an Aboriginal homeland (also known as an outstation)[66] in the Northern Territory.[67] Pilger says that "in essence, very little" has changed since the first of his seven films about the Aboriginal people, A Secret Country: The First Australians (1985).[68] In an interview with the UK based Australian Times he commented: "the catastrophe imposed on Indigenous Australians is the equivalent of apartheid, and the system has to change".[69]

Reviewing the film, Peter Bradshaw wrote: "The awful truth is that Indigenous communities are on mineral-rich lands that cause mouths to water in mining corporation boardrooms".[70] "When the subject and subjects are allowed to speak for themselves – when Pilger doesn't stand and preach – the injustices glow like throbbing wounds", wrote Nigel Andrews in the Financial Times, but the documentary maker "goes on too long. 110 minutes is a hefty time in screen politics, especially when we know the makers' message from scene one".[71]

Geoffrey Macnab described it as an "angry, impassioned documentary"[65] while for Mark Kermode it is a "searing indictment of the ongoing mistreatment" of the first Australians.[72]

The Coming War on China (2016)

The Coming War on China was Pilger's 60th film for ITV.[73]

The film premiered in the UK on Thursday 1 December 2016,[74] and was shown on ITV at 10.40 pm on Tuesday 6 December and on the Australian public broadcaster SBS on 16 April 2017.[75] In the documentary, according to Pilger, "the evidence and witnesses warn that nuclear war is no longer a shadow, but a contingency. The greatest build-up of American-led military forces since the Second World War is well under way. They are on the western borders of Russia, and in Asia and the Pacific, confronting China. Like the renewal of post-Soviet Russia, the rise of China as an economic power is declared an 'existential threat' to the divine right of the United States to rule and dominate human affairs".[76]

"The first third told, and told well, the unforgivable, unconscionable tale of what has overtaken the Marshall Islanders since 1946, when the US first nuked the test site on Bikini Atoll" beginning an extended series of tests, wrote Euan Ferguson in The Observer. "Over the next 12 years they would unleash a total of 42.2 megatons. The islanders, as forensically proved by Pilger, were effectively guinea pigs for [the] effects of radiation".[77] Ferguson wrote that the rest of the film "was a sane, sober, necessary, deeply troubling bucketful of worries".[77] Peter Bradshaw in The Guardian wrote that the film "lays bare the historical horrors of the US military in the Pacific, exposing the paranoia and pre-emptive aggression of its semi-secret bases," adding: "This is a gripping film, which though it comes close to excusing China ... does point out China's insecurities and political cruelties".[78] Neil Young of The Hollywood Reporter called the film an "authoritative indictment of American nefariousness in the western Pacific".[79]

Kevin Maher wrote in The Times that he admired the early sequences on the Marshall Islands, but that he believed the film lacked nuance or subtlety. Maher wrote that, for Pilger, China is "a brilliant place with just some 'issues with human rights', but let's not go into that now".[80] Diplomat columnist David Hutt said "Pilger consistently glosses over China's past crimes while dwelling on America's".[81]

The Dirty War on the National Health Service (2019)

Pilger's The Dirty War on the National Health Service was released in the UK on 29 November 2019 and examined the changes that the NHS had undergone since its founding in 1948. Pilger makes the case that governments beginning with that of Margaret Thatcher have waged a secret war against the NHS with a view to privatising it slowly and surreptitiously. Pilger predicted that moves toward privatisation would create more poverty and homelessness and that the resulting chaos would be used as an argument for further "reform". Peter Bradshaw described the documentary as a "fierce, necessary film".[82]

Views (1999–2023)

Bush, Blair, Howard and wars

In 2003 and 2004, Pilger criticised United States President George W. Bush, saying that he had used the 9/11 terrorist attacks as an excuse to invade Iraq as part of a strategy to increase US control of the world's oil supplies.[83][84] In 2004, Pilger criticised British Prime Minister Tony Blair as equally responsible for the invasion and the bungled occupation of Iraq.[85] In 2004, as the Iraq insurgency increased, Pilger wrote that the anti-war movement should support "Iraq's anti-occupation resistance:

We cannot afford to be choosy. While we abhor and condemn the continuing loss of innocent life in Iraq, we have no choice now but to support the resistance, for if the resistance fails, the "Bush gang" will attack another country".[86]

Pilger described Australian Prime Minister John Howard as "the mouse that roars for America, whipping his country into war fever and paranoia about terrorism within". He thought Howard's willingness to "join the Bush/Blair assault on Iraq ... evok[ed] a melancholy history of obsequious service to great power: from the Boxer Rebellion to the Boer war, to the disaster at Gallipoli, and Korea, Vietnam and the Gulf".[87]

On 25 July 2005, Pilger ascribed blame for the 2005 London bombings that month to Blair. He wrote that Blair's decision to follow Bush helped to generate the rage that Pilger said precipitated the bombings.[88]

In his column a year later, Pilger described Blair as a war criminal for supporting Israel's actions during the 2006 Israel–Lebanon conflict. He said that Blair gave permission to Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon in 2001 to initiate what would ultimately become Operation Defensive Shield.[89]

In 2014, Pilger wrote that "The truth about the criminal bloodbath in Iraq cannot be "countered" indefinitely. Neither can the truth about our support for the medievalists in Saudi Arabia, the nuclear-armed predators in Israel, the new military fascists in Egypt and the jihadist "liberators" of Syria, whose propaganda is now BBC news".[90]

Barack Obama

Pilger criticised Barack Obama during his presidential campaign of 2008, saying that he was "a glossy Uncle Tom who would bomb Pakistan"[91] and his theme "was the renewal of America as a dominant, avaricious bully". After Obama was elected and took office in 2009, Pilger wrote, "In his first 100 days, Obama has excused torture, opposed habeas corpus and demanded more secret government".[92]

Sunny Hundal wrote in The Guardian during November 2008 that the "Uncle Tom" comment used against Obama "highlights a patronising attitude towards ethnic minorities. Pilger expects all black and brown people to be revolutionary brothers and sisters, and if they veer away from that stereotype, it can only be because they are pawns of a wider conspiracy".[93]

Support for Julian Assange

John Pilger, Richard Gizbert, and Julian Assange – 'The WikiLeaks Files' Book Launch – Foyles, London, 29 September 2015

Pilger supported Julian Assange by pledging bail in December 2010. Pilger said at the time: "There's no doubt that he is not going to abscond".[94] Assange sought asylum in the Embassy of Ecuador in London in 2012 and Pilger's bail money was lost when a judge ordered it to be forfeited.[62]

Pilger had been critical of the media's treatment of Assange saying: "The same brave newspapers and broadcasters that have supported Britain's part in epic bloody crimes, from the genocide in Indonesia to the invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan, now attack the "human rights record" of Ecuador, whose real crime is to stand up to the bullies in London and Washington".[95]

He criticised the failure of the Australian government to object when it "repeatedly received confirmation that the US was conducting an "unprecedented" pursuit of Assange" and noted that one of the reasons Ecuador gave for granting asylum to Assange was his abandonment by Australia.[95]

Pilger visited Assange in the embassy and continued to support him.[95]

Comments about Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton

In a February 2016 webchat on the website of The Guardian newspaper, Pilger said "Trump is speaking straight to ordinary Americans". Although his opinions about immigration were "gross", Pilger wrote that they are "no more gross in essence than, say, David Cameron's – he is not planning to invade anywhere, he doesn't hate the Russians or the Chinese, he is not beholden to Israel. People like this lack of cant, and when the so-called liberal media deride him, they like him even more".[96] In March 2016, Pilger commented in a speech delivered at the University of Sydney during the 2016 United States presidential election, that Donald Trump was a less dangerous potential President of the United States than Hillary Clinton.[97]

In November 2016, Pilger said that "notorious terrorist jihadist group called ISIL or ISIS is created largely with money from [the government of Saudi and the government of Qatar] who are giving money to the Clinton Foundation".[98]

In August 2017, in an article published on his website, Pilger wrote that a "coup against the man in the White House is under way. This is not because he is an odious human being, but because he has consistently made clear he does not want war with Russia. This glimpse of sanity, or simple pragmatism, is anathema to the 'national security' managers who guard a system based on war, surveillance, armaments, threats and extreme capitalism". According to Pilger, The Guardian had published "drivel" in covering the claims "that the Russians conspired with Trump". Such assertions, he wrote, are "reminiscent of the far-right smearing of John Kennedy as a 'Soviet agent'".[99]

Russia

With the absence of a Russian "invasion" a bitter disappointment to its most avid promoters in London, this expose of Operation Orbital, the British army's secretive role in Ukraine, is recommended.

John Pilger, three days before Russian forces invaded Ukraine, [100]

In an article in The Guardian, John Pilger wrote in May 2014 that Vladimir Putin “is the only leader to condemn the rise of fascism in 21st-century Europe”.[101] Historian Timothy Snyder assessed this statement as inaccurate since Russia at the time had organized meetings of European fascists and was subsidizing France’s far Right party, the National Rally, until 2018 known as the National Front.[102] Pilger quoted in the article a Jewish doctor who had tried to rescue people from the burning trade union building during the 2014 Odesa clashes, and was stopped by Ukrainian Nazis with the threat that this fate would soon befall him and other Jews and that what happened yesterday would not have happened even during the fascist occupation in World War II. This claim was factually false, as several tens of thousands of Jews were murdered in three days in October 1941. It turned out that the man's quote came from a Facebook page that had been identified as a fake before the article was published.[103][104]

On the Poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal on 4 March 2018, Pilger said in an interview on Russia's RT: "This is a carefully constructed drama as part of the propaganda campaign that has been building now for several years in order to justify the actions of NATO, Britain and the United States, towards Russia. That's a fact". Such events as the Iraq War, "at the very least should make us sceptical of Theresa May's theatrics in Parliament". He hinted that the UK government may have been involved in the attack, saying it had motive and that the nearby Porton Down laboratory has a "long and sinister record with nerve gas and chemical weapons".[105]

Criticism of the mainstream media

Pilger criticised many journalists of the mainstream media. During the administration of President Bill Clinton in the US, Pilger attacked the British-American Project as an example of "Atlanticist freemasonry". He asserted in November 1998 that "many members are journalists, the essential foot soldiers in any network devoted to power and propaganda".[106] In 2002, he said that "many journalists now are no more than channellers and echoers of what Orwell called the official truth".[107]

Also in 2003, he criticised what he called the "liberal lobby" which "promote killing" from "behind a humanitarian mask". He said David Aaronovitch exemplified the "mask-wearers" and noted that Aaronovitch had written that the attack on Iraq will be "the easy bit".[108] Aaronovitch responded to an article by Pilger about the mainstream media[109] in 2003 as one of his "typical pieces about the corruption of most journalists (ie people like me [Aaronovitch]) versus the bravery of a few (ie people like him)".[110]

In an address at Columbia University on 14 April 2006, Pilger said:

During the Cold War, a group of Russian journalists toured the United States. On the final day of their visit, they were asked by their hosts for their impressions. 'I have to tell you,' said their spokesman, 'that we were astonished to find after reading all the newspapers and watching TV, that all the opinions on all the vital issues were by and large, the same. To get that result in our country, we imprison people, we tear out their fingernails. Here, you don't have that. What's the secret? How do you do it?'[111]

On another occasion, while speaking to journalism students at the University of Lincoln, Pilger said that mainstream journalism means corporate journalism. As such, he believes it represents vested corporate interests more than those of the public.[112]

BBC

Pilger wrote in December 2002, of British broadcasting's requirement for "impartiality" as being "a euphemism for the consensual view of established authority".[113] He wrote that "BBC television news faithfully echoed word for word" government "propaganda designed to soften up the public for Blair's attack on Iraq".[113] In his documentary The War You Don't See (2010), Pilger returned to this theme and accused the BBC of failing to cover the viewpoint of the victims, civilians caught up in the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.[114] He additionally pointed to the 48 documentaries on Ireland made for the BBC and ITV between 1959 and the late-1980s which were delayed or altered before transmission, or totally suppressed.[115]

Personal life and death

Pilger was married to journalist Scarth Flett, granddaughter of the physician and geologist Sir John Smith Flett.[116] Their son Sam[117] was born in 1973 and is a sports writer. Pilger also had a daughter, Zoe Pilger, born 1984, with journalist Yvonne Roberts.[118][119] Zoe is an author and art critic.[120]

Pilger died of pulmonary fibrosis in London on 30 December 2023, at the age of 84; he is survived by Jane Hill, his partner for thirty years.[121][122]

Honours and awards

The Press Awards, formerly the British Press Awards:

  • 1966: Descriptive Writer of the Year[123]
  • 1967: Journalist of the Year[123]
  • 1970: International Reporter of the Year[124]
  • 1974: News Reporter of the Year[124]
  • 1978: Campaigning Journalist of the Year[124]
  • 1979: Journalist of the Year[124]

Other awards:

Legacy

The John Pilger Archive is housed at the British Library. The papers can be accessed through the British Library catalogue.[130]

Bibliography

Books

Plays

  • The Last Day (1983)

Documentaries

References

  1. ↑ Buckmaster, Luke (12 November 2013). "John Pilger's Utopia: an Australian film for British eyes first". the Guardian. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
  2. ↑ Andrei Markovits and Jeff Weintraub, "Obama and the Progressives: A Curious Paradox", The Huffington Post, 28 May 2008.
  3. ↑ Sutton, Candace (1 March 2013). "Aboriginal squalor among Australia's 'dirtiest secrets' says expat". The Australian.
  4. ↑ "BFI Screenonline: Pilger, John (1939–) Biography". Screenonline.org.uk.
  5. ↑ "As the election closes in, John Pilger denounces Americanism". New Statesman. 2004. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
  6. ↑ Maslin, Janet (29 April 1983). "Film: Two Perceptions of the Khmer Rouge". The New York Times. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Biography page, Pilger's official website.
  8. ↑ "Press Awards Winners 1970–1979, Society of Editors". Archived from the original on 25 October 2017.
  9. ↑ "John Pilger". IMDb. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
  10. ↑ Anthony Hayward, Breaking the Silence: The Television Reporting of John Pilger, London, Network, 2008, p. 3 (no ISBN, book contained within Heroes DVD, Region 2 boxset).
  11. ↑ Trisha Sertori, "John Pilger: The Messenger", Archived 25 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine The Jakarta Post, 11 October 2012.
  12. 1 2 Pilger, John (17 February 2017). "Graham Pilger, champion for the rights of the disabled". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 21 February 2017.
  13. ↑ John Pilger, A Secret Country, p. xiv.
  14. 1 2 "Interview with John Pilger", Desert Island Discs, BBC Radio 4, 18 February 1990
  15. ↑ John Pilger, Heroes, p. 10.
  16. ↑ "John Pilger on a hidden history of women who rose up", 6 July 2018.
  17. ↑ Pilger, John (8 May 2013). "Hold the front page! We need free media not an Order of Mates". New Statesman. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  18. 1 2 3 Hayward (2008), p. 4.
  19. ↑ John Pilger & Michael Albert, "The View From The Ground", Archived 19 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine Znet, 16 February 2013.
  20. ↑ Roy Greenslade, Press Gang: How Newspapers Make Profits From Propaganda, London & Basingstoke: Macmillan, 2003 [2004 (pbk)], p. 401.
  21. 1 2 John Pilger, Heroes, London: Vintage, 2001 edition, pp. 572–73.
  22. ↑ Lefties: 3: A Lot of Balls, BBC Four, 11 October 2007.
  23. 1 2 3 Roy Greenslade Press Gang: How Newspapers Make Profits From Propaganda, London: Pan, 2003 [2004], pp. 494–95.
  24. ↑ "Gone and (largely) forgotten", British Journalism Review, 17:2, 2006, pp. 50–52.
  25. ↑ Maurice Smith, "A Newspaper In Pursuit Of Lost Ideals", Glasgow Herald, 13 February 1987, p. 13.
  26. ↑ Hayward (2008), p. 10.
  27. ↑ Pilger, John; Platt, Steve (July 2010). "Beyond the dross". Red Pepper.
  28. 1 2 Walker, James (26 January 2018). "John Pilger says Guardian column was axed in 'purge' of journalists 'saying what the paper no longer says'". Press Gazette. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
  29. ↑ Hayward, Anthony (18 April 2016). "David Swift obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 18 April 2016.
  30. ↑ Pilger, John (11 September 2006). "The revolution will not be televised", New Statesman.
  31. 1 2 Hayward (2008), p. 5.
  32. ↑ "Pilger (TV Series 1974– )". IMDb.com. Retrieved 26 May 2018.
  33. ↑ A Faraway Country, JohnPilger.com, Retrieved 23 January 2012.
  34. ↑ Year Zero: the Silent Death of Cambodia, video of programme on John Pilger's website.
  35. ↑ John Pilger, Heroes, p. 410.
  36. ↑ West, Richard (28 September 1984). "Who was to blame?". The Spectator. pp. 29–30, 29. Retrieved 26 August 2016. "Holocaust" is rendered in lower case in Richard West's article.
  37. 1 2 Kiernan, Ben (30 October 1984). "Review Essay: William Shawcross, Declining Cambodia" (PDF). Age. pp. 56–63, 62. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 September 2016. Retrieved 26 August 2016. Also cited to Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars (January–March 1986), 18(1): 56–63
  38. 1 2 Pilger, John (2001). Heroes. London: Soluth End Press. p. 417. ISBN 9780896086661. (Originally published by Jonathan Cape, London, 1986).
  39. ↑ "The lie is breathtaking indeed, Mr. Pilger, but who told it?", The Australian, 27 February 2009, accessed 24 July 2011.
  40. ↑ Sawer, Patrick (8 May 2013). "Buckingham Palace defends Queen's private secretary against 'conflict of interest' claims". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 26 December 2016.
  41. ↑ "BAFTA Awards Search | BAFTA Awards". awards.bafta.org. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
  42. ↑ "John Pilger, campaigning Australian journalist, dies aged 84". The Times. 31 December 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
  43. ↑ Waugh, Auberon (12 June 1982). "Another voice: Thai `slave-girl' mystery". Spectator. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
  44. ↑ Fieta Page, John Pilger hopes to open eyes to plight of Aboriginals with Utopia, The Canberra Times, 27 February 2014.
  45. ↑ Pilger, John (19 December 2013). "John Pilger goes back to his homeland to investigate Australia's dirtiest secret". The Daily Mirror. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
  46. ↑ John Pilger, "Australia is the only developed country whose government has been condemned as racist by the United Nations", New Statesman, 16 October 2000.
  47. ↑ "Documentary evidence - News - Film - Time Out London". 5 April 2008. Archived from the original on 5 April 2008. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
  48. ↑ "Pilger turns up heat on East Timor", The Australian, 3 June 1994.
  49. ↑ John Pilger, "Why my film is under fire", The Guardian, 23 September 2002.
  50. ↑ Stephen Bates "TV chief attacks 'one-sided' Palestinian documentary", 20 September 2002.
  51. ↑ Leon Symons, "Carlton chief slams Pilger's attack on Israel", The Jewish Chronicle, as reprinted by mediaguardiian, 20 September 2002.
  52. ↑ Jason Deans, "TV boss 'irresponsible' says Pilger", mediaguardian, 20 September 2002.
  53. 1 2 "Programme Complaints and Findings Bulletin No. 6", ITC, 13 January 2003, pp. 4–5 (now on OFCOM website)
  54. ↑ Louise Jury, "Pilger cleared of bias in TV documentary on Palestinians" , The Independent, 13 January 2003. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
  55. ↑ Billen, Andrew (21 August 2007). "Last Night's TV". The Times. London. Retrieved 28 December 2016. (subscription required)
  56. 1 2 Bradshaw, Peter (15 June 2007). "The War on Democracy". The Guardian. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
  57. ↑ John Pilger, The War on Democracy.
  58. ↑ "One World Media :: Awards 2008". 9 June 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2009. Retrieved 26 May 2018.
  59. ↑ Bradshaw, Peter (9 December 2010). "The War You Don't See – review". the Guardian. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
  60. ↑ "The War You Don't See". Top Documentary Films. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
  61. ↑ "Julian Assange in conversation with John Pilger", johnpilger.com.
  62. 1 2 "Julian Assange's backers lose £200,000 bail money", The Telegraph (UK), 4 September 2012.
  63. ↑ "The War You Don't See". johnpilger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
  64. ↑ Lloyd, John (17 December 2010). "Polemic in the hands of a master propagandist". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  65. 1 2 Geoffrey Macnab "Film review: Utopia – John Pilger's documentary reveals 'shocking poverty' of Australia's indigenous communities", The Independent, 14 November 2013.
  66. ↑ Steve Rose "Utopia And John Pilger Q&A, Framed: film festival previews", The Guardian, 16 November 2013.
  67. ↑ Donald Clarke, "John Pilger on breaking the Great Silence of Australia's past", Irish Times, 15 November 2013.
  68. ↑ Hazel Healy "John Pilger: Australia's silent apartheid", New Internationalist, November 2013.
  69. ↑ Alex Ivett, "Interview: John Pilger exposes Australia's shocking secret in Utopia", Australian Times, 15 November 2013
  70. ↑ Peter Bradshaw, "Utopia – review", The Guardian, 14 November 2013.
  71. ↑ Nigel Andrews, "Review – Utopia", Financial Times, 14 November 2013.
  72. ↑ Mark Kermode "Utopia – review", The Observer, 17 November 2013
  73. ↑ "The Coming War On China" (archived), thecomingwarmovie.com.
  74. ↑ "Screenings - The Coming War On China". The Coming War On China. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
  75. ↑ "The Coming War on China Episode 1". Itv.com.
  76. ↑ Pilger, John (December 2016). "The coming war on China". New Internationalist. Retrieved 26 December 2016.
  77. 1 2 Ferguson, Euan (11 December 2016). "The week in TV: In Plain Sight; This Is Us; The Coming War on China". The Observer. Retrieved 26 December 2016.
  78. ↑ Bradshaw, Peter (1 December 2016). "The Coming War on China review – discomfiting doc exposes US nuclear tactics". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 December 2016.
  79. ↑ Young, Neil (19 December 2016). "'The Coming War on China': Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter.
  80. ↑ Maher, Kevin (2 December 2016). "The Coming War on China". The Times. London. Retrieved 26 December 2016. (subscription required)
  81. ↑ Hutt, David (23 December 2016). "The Trouble With John Pilger's The Coming War on China: A closer look at a new documentary". The Diplomat.
  82. ↑ Bradshaw, Peter (28 November 2019). "The Dirty War on the National Health Service review – fierce and necessary diatribe". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
  83. ↑ Pilger, John (12 February 2003). "John Pilger: Why Bush lies about Iraq". Green Left. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  84. ↑ "They put the lie to their own propaganda". socialistworker.org. Socialist Worker. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  85. ↑ John Pilger, "Iraq: the unthinkable becomes normal", johnpilger.com, 15 November 2004.
  86. ↑ Pip Hinman & John Pilger, "Pilger interview: Truth and lies in the 'war on terror'", Green Left (Australia), 28 January 2004.
  87. ↑ Pilger, John (20 January 2003). "George Bush's other poodle". johnpilger.com. Retrieved 8 June 2020.
  88. ↑ John Pilger, "Blair's bombs". Archived 29 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine, John Pilger website, 25 July 2005.
  89. ↑ "ITV - John Pilger - The real threat we face in Britain is Blair". 1 November 2006. Archived from the original on 1 November 2006. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
  90. ↑ "The truth about the criminal bloodbath in Iraq can't be 'countered' indefinitely". The Guardian. 7 February 2014.
  91. ↑ "ITV - John Pilger - The danse macabre of US-style democracy". 31 January 2008. Archived from the original on 31 January 2008. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
  92. ↑ "ITV - John Pilger - Obama's 100 days - the man men did well". 3 May 2009. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 20 May 2018.
  93. ↑ Hundal, Sunny (30 November 2008). "The racist flipside of anti-imperialism". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
  94. ↑ PA Mediapoint, "Wikileaks founder Assange free after being granted bail", Archived 2 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Press Gazette, 16 December 2010.
  95. 1 2 3 Pilger, John (22 August 2012). "The pursuit of Julian Assange is an assault on freedom and a mockery of journalism". New Statesman. Archived from the original on 2 July 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  96. ↑ "John Pilger Praises Trump, Says He Has an 'Absence of Hypocrisy'". Political Scrapbook. 24 February 2016. Archived from the original on 29 October 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
  97. ↑ Intondi, Vincent (25 March 2016). "No, Hillary Clinton Is Not Worse Than Donald Trump". The Huffington post. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
  98. ↑ "Julian Assange interview: WikiLeaks editor talks to John Pilger about US election and the leaked Hillary Clinton, John Podesta emails". Belfast Telegraph. 7 November 2016.
  99. ↑ Pilger, John (4 August 2017). "On the Beach 2017. The Reckoning of Nuclear War". John Pilger. Retrieved 5 August 2017.
  100. ↑ @johnpilger (21 February 2022). "With the absence of a Russian "invasion" a bitter disappointment to its most avid promoters in London, this expose…" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  101. ↑ "In Ukraine, the US is dragging us towards war with Russia". The Guardian. 13 May 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2023.
  102. ↑ Snyder, Timothy (2018). The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America. New York: Tim Duggan Books. pp. 212–213. ISBN 978-0-525-57446-0.
  103. ↑ Walker, Shaun (2018). The Long Hangover: Putin's New Russia and the Ghosts of the Past. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 220–222. ISBN 978-0-19-065924-0.
  104. ↑ Johnson, Luke (14 May 2014). "'Guardian' Op-Ed Quotes Cryptic Odesa 'Doctor' Seen As Hoax". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 6 March 2023.
  105. ↑ Mayhew, Freddy (20 March 2018). "Journalist John Pilger says ex-Russian spy poisoning case is a 'carefully constructed drama in which the media plays a role'". Press Gazette. Retrieved 20 March 2018.
  106. ↑ Pilger, John (13 November 1998). "Having a fun time in New Orleans: the latest recruits (sorry, "alumni") of latter-day Reaganism". New Statesman.
  107. ↑ David Barsamian, "Interview with John Pliger", The Progressive, November 2002.
  108. ↑ John Pilger, "As the world protests against war, we hear again the lies of old", New Statesman, 17 April 2003. Also published as John Pilger, "As the world protests against war, we hear again the lies of old", johnpilger.com, 17 April 2003.
  109. ↑ John Pilger "John Pilger finds journalism rotting away" Archived 17 June 2015 at the Wayback Machine, New Statesman, 28 April 2003 (The date given on the NS website is for the date of publication online.)
  110. ↑ David Aaronovitch "Lies and the Left", The Observer, 27 April 2003
  111. ↑ Beattie, Peter (2018). Social Evolution, Political Psychology, and the Media in Democracy: The Invisible Hand in the US Marketplace of Ideas. Springer. p. 248. ISBN 9783030028015.
  112. ↑ "John Pilger explains "why journalism matters" | The Linc". Thelinc.co.uk. 15 October 2009. Retrieved 14 January 2010.
  113. 1 2 Pilger, John (5 December 2002). "John Pilger prefers the web to TV news – it's more honest online". New Statesman. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  114. ↑ Williams, Jon (10 December 2010). "The Wars You Don't See". BBC News. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  115. ↑ Pilger, John (2001). Heroes. Cambridge, Massachusetts: South End Press. p. 517. ISBN 9780896086661. (original published by Vintage [Random House], London, 2001 [1986])
  116. ↑ Sir John Smith Flett KBE, FRS www.rousayroots.com accessed 14 February 2022
  117. ↑ "Sam Pilger Tribute to Father".
  118. ↑ "John Pilger Biography". Johnpilger.com. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  119. ↑ "John Pilger: writer of wrongs". The Scotsman. 1 July 2006. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  120. ↑ "Zoe Pilger Homepage". Zoe-pilger. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  121. ↑ "John Pilger: Journalist, campaigner and documentary maker dies aged 84". Sky News. 31 December 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  122. ↑ Hayward, Anthony (1 January 2024). "John Pilger obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  123. 1 2 "Press Awards Winners 1970–1979, Society of Editors". Archived from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  124. 1 2 3 4 "Press Awards Winners 1970–1979, Society of Editors". Archived from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  125. ↑ "Richard Dimbleby Award in 1991". Awards.bafta.org.
  126. ↑ "International Emmy Awards". Iemmys.tv. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
  127. ↑ "2009 John Pilger". Sydney Peace Foundation. Retrieved 12 January 2013.
  128. ↑ "The Grierson Awards 2011: Winners; Honda – The Trustees' Award: John Pilger". The Grierson Trust. 2011. Archived from the original on 5 November 2016. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
  129. ↑ JohnPilger.com: The universal lesson of the courage of East Timor. 8 May 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.
  130. ↑ John Pilger Archive, archives and manuscripts catalogue, the British Library. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
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