Leigh | |
---|---|
County constituency for the House of Commons | |
County | Greater Manchester |
Electorate | 77,001 (December 2010)[1] |
Major settlements | Leigh, Astley, Tyldesley, Lowton, Golborne |
Current constituency | |
Created | 1885 |
Member of Parliament | James Grundy (Conservative) |
Seats | One |
Created from | South West Lancashire |
Leigh is a constituency[n 1] in Greater Manchester represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2019 by James Grundy of the Conservative Party.
Before this, the seat was represented by Andy Burnham of the Labour Party, who served as the MP from 2001, and Shadow Home Secretary in Jeremy Corbyn's Shadow Cabinet until October 2016.[n 2] Burnham stood down following his victory at the 2017 Greater Manchester mayoral election, and was succeeded by the Labour and Cooperative Party's Jo Platt who was MP from 2017 to 2019. Burnham, who was re-elected as Mayor of Greater Manchester in 2021 with an increased majority, still resides in the Leigh constituency.
As a result of adding the town of Atherton to the constituency, the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies proposes that it is renamed Leigh and Atherton, to be first contested at the next general election.[2]
Constituency profile
Leigh is a marginal seat in the south of the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan and on the border with Warrington, with virtually all wards held by the Labour Party at local level, although it does contain the more Conservative-inclined area of Lowton East. In line with the wider borough of Wigan it voted by a majority to Leave the European Union in the 2016 referendum, but has slightly lower levels of deprivation than the town of Wigan itself,[3] and is mostly made of skilled working-class families in residential areas, with some light industry, all factors in the swing towards the Conservatives in 2019. Leigh, Tyldesley and Golborne are former mill and mining towns undergoing urban regeneration. Pennington Flash in between Lowton and Leigh is an important local nature reserve and area of natural regeneration in a former mining area.
Boundaries
Following the review of parliamentary representation in Greater Manchester in 2009, the Boundary Commission for England recommended alterations to constituencies in the Wigan area. The electoral wards used in the altered Leigh constituency are:
- Astley, Mosley Common, Atherleigh, Golborne and Lowton West, Leigh East, Leigh South, Leigh West, Lowton East and Tyldesley, all from the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan.
History
The constituency was created in the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 as a result of the South West Lancashire constituency being divided into eight single member seats. Between 1922 and December 2019, candidates belonging to the Labour Party had continuously served the seat, which for the political party made it one of their longest held constituencies. One recent Labour incumbent was Andy Burnham, Shadow Home Secretary from September 2015 to October 2016.
Members of Parliament
Elections
Elections in the 2010s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | James Grundy | 21,266 | 45.3 | +9.5 | |
Labour Co-op | Jo Platt | 19,301 | 41.1 | ―15.1 | |
Brexit Party | James Melly | 3,161 | 6.7 | New | |
Liberal Democrats | Mark Clayton | 2,252 | 4.8 | +2.8 | |
Independent | Ann O'Bern | 551 | 1.2 | New | |
UKIP | Leon Peters | 448 | 0.9 | ―5.0 | |
Majority | 1,965 | 4.2 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 46,979 | 60.9 | ―0.6 | ||
Conservative gain from Labour | Swing | +12.3 | |||
The 2019 result saw the largest 2017 majority for a party overturned in the country.[6] It also saw the largest fall in the UKIP vote share.[6]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Jo Platt | 26,347 | 56.2 | +2.3 | |
Conservative | James Grundy | 16,793 | 35.8 | +13.2 | |
UKIP | Mark Bradley | 2,783 | 5.9 | ―13.8 | |
Liberal Democrats | Richard Kilpatrick | 951 | 2.0 | ―0.5 | |
Majority | 9,554 | 20.4 | ―10.1 | ||
Turnout | 46,874 | 61.5 | +4.1 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ―5.4 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Andy Burnham | 24,312 | 53.9 | +5.9 | |
Conservative | Louisa Townson | 10,216 | 22.6 | +1.7 | |
UKIP | Les Leggett | 8,903 | 19.7 | +16.2 | |
Liberal Democrats | Bill Winlow | 1,150 | 2.5 | ―15.7 | |
TUSC | Stephen Hall | 542 | 1.2 | New | |
Majority | 14,096 | 31.3 | +4.2 | ||
Turnout | 45,123 | 59.4 | −2.6 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +2.0 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Andy Burnham | 21,295 | 48.0 | ―15.3 | |
Conservative | Shazia Awan | 9,284 | 20.9 | +3.2 | |
Liberal Democrats | Chris Blackburn | 8,049 | 18.2 | ―2.1 | |
BNP | Gary Chadwick | 2,724 | 6.1 | New | |
UKIP | Mary Lavelle | 1,535 | 3.5 | New | |
Independent | Norman Bradbury | 988 | 2.2 | New | |
Independent | Terry Dainty | 320 | 0.7 | New | |
Christian | Ryan Hessell | 137 | 0.3 | New | |
Majority | 12,011 | 27.1 | -20.2 | ||
Turnout | 44,332 | 62.0 | +10.7 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ―4.9 | |||
Elections in the 2000s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Andy Burnham | 23,097 | 63.3 | −1.2 | |
Conservative | Laurance Wedderburn | 5,825 | 16.0 | −2.2 | |
Liberal Democrats | Dave Crowther | 4,962 | 13.6 | +0.8 | |
Community Action | Ian Franzen | 2,185 | 6.0 | New | |
Legalise Cannabis | Thomas Hampson | 415 | 1.1 | New | |
Majority | 17,272 | 47.3 | +1.0 | ||
Turnout | 36,484 | 50.3 | +0.6 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +0.5 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Andy Burnham | 22,783 | 64.5 | −4.4 | |
Conservative | Andrew Oxley | 6,421 | 18.2 | +2.6 | |
Liberal Democrats | Ray Atkins | 4,524 | 12.8 | +1.6 | |
Socialist Labour | William Kelly | 820 | 2.3 | New | |
UKIP | Chris Best | 750 | 2.1 | New | |
Majority | 16,362 | 46.3 | -7.0 | ||
Turnout | 35,298 | 49.7 | −16.0 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | −3.5 | |||
Elections in the 1990s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour Co-op | Lawrence Cunliffe | 31,652 | 68.9 | +7.6 | |
Conservative | Edward Young | 7,156 | 15.6 | −9.9 | |
Liberal Democrats | Peter Hough | 5,163 | 11.2 | −1.4 | |
Referendum | Roy Constable | 1,949 | 4.2 | New | |
Majority | 24,496 | 53.3 | +17.5 | ||
Turnout | 45,920 | 65.7 | -9.3 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +8.8 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Lawrence Cunliffe | 32,225 | 61.3 | +2.7 | |
Conservative | Joseph Egerton | 13,398 | 25.5 | −0.8 | |
Liberal Democrats | Robert Bleakley | 6,621 | 12.6 | −2.5 | |
Natural Law | Adrian Tayler | 320 | 0.6 | New | |
Majority | 18,827 | 35.8 | +3.5 | ||
Turnout | 52,564 | 75.0 | +0.9 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +1.7 | |||
Elections in the 1980s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Lawrence Cunliffe | 30,064 | 58.6 | +7.4 | |
Conservative | Louis Brown | 13,458 | 26.3 | -0.5 | |
SDP | Steven Jones | 7,743 | 15.1 | -6.2 | |
Majority | 16,606 | 32.3 | +7.7 | ||
Turnout | 51,265 | 74.1 | +1.9 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Lawrence Cunliffe | 25,477 | 51.2 | -2.9 | |
Conservative | Paul Johnstone | 13,163 | 26.8 | -9.7 | |
SDP | David Eccles | 10,468 | 21.3 | New | |
Majority | 12,314 | 24.6 | +7.0 | ||
Turnout | 49,108 | 72.2 | -4.7 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1970s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Lawrence Cunliffe | 27,736 | 54.1 | -2.1 | |
Conservative | David Shaw | 18,713 | 36.5 | +10.7 | |
Liberal | M Godwin | 4,796 | 9.4 | -8.6 | |
Majority | 9,023 | 17.6 | -12.8 | ||
Turnout | 51,245 | 76.9 | +3.0 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Harold Boardman | 27,036 | 56.2 | +5.2 | |
Conservative | Maureen Williams | 12,401 | 25.8 | +1.2 | |
Liberal | Roy D. Pemberton | 8,640 | 18.0 | -6.4 | |
Majority | 14,635 | 30.4 | +4.0 | ||
Turnout | 48,077 | 73.9 | -6.1 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +2.0 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Harold Boardman | 26,310 | 51.0 | -7.2 | |
Conservative | William Legge | 12,663 | 24.6 | -8.9 | |
Liberal | Roy D. Pemberton | 12,594 | 24.4 | New | |
Majority | 13,647 | 26.4 | -1.3 | ||
Turnout | 51,567 | 80.0 | +9.0 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Harold Boardman | 26,625 | 58.2 | -10.5 | |
Conservative | James Peter McGuire | 15,314 | 33.5 | +2.2 | |
Ratepayers | Joseph Knowles | 3,776 | 8.3 | New | |
Majority | 11,311 | 27.7 | -9.6 | ||
Turnout | 45,715 | 71.0 | -3.3 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1960s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Harold Boardman | 29,552 | 68.7 | +1.2 | |
Conservative | Robert R Hipkiss | 13,490 | 31.3 | -1.2 | |
Majority | 16,062 | 37.4 | +2.4 | ||
Turnout | 43,042 | 74.3 | -3.3 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Harold Boardman | 30,102 | 67.5 | +2.3 | |
Conservative | Neville Montague B Brown | 14,478 | 32.5 | -2.3 | |
Majority | 15,624 | 35.0 | +4.6 | ||
Turnout | 44,580 | 77.6 | -4.8 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1950s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Harold Boardman | 31,672 | 65.2 | +2.8 | |
Conservative | William Cameron | 16,897 | 34.8 | -2.6 | |
Majority | 14,775 | 30.4 | +5.6 | ||
Turnout | 48,569 | 82.4 | -17.6 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Harold Boardman | 30,098 | 62.4 | -1.0 | |
Conservative | John Bryan Leck | 18,142 | 37.6 | +1.0 | |
Majority | 11,956 | 24.8 | -2.0 | ||
Turnout | 48,240 | 80.0 | -6.0 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Harold Boardman | 33,881 | 63.4 | -0.1 | |
Conservative | Henry Donald Moore | 19,585 | 36.6 | +0.1 | |
Majority | 14,296 | 26.8 | -0.2 | ||
Turnout | 53,466 | 86.0 | -1.4 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Harold Boardman | 34,320 | 63.5 | -6.3 | |
Conservative | John W Whiteley | 19,720 | 36.5 | +6.3 | |
Majority | 14,600 | 27.0 | -12.6 | ||
Turnout | 54,040 | 87.4 | +6.4 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Election in the 1940s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Harold Boardman | 32,447 | 69.8 | N/A | |
Conservative | Eric Heriot Hill | 14,029 | 30.2 | N/A | |
Majority | 18,418 | 39.6 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 46,476 | 81.0 | N/A | ||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1930s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Joe Tinker | Unopposed | N/A | N/A | |
Labour hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Joe Tinker | 23,965 | 52.32 | ||
Conservative | Peter Eckersley | 21,837 | 47.68 | ||
Majority | 2,128 | 4.64 | |||
Turnout | 45,802 | 87.38 | |||
Labour hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1920s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Joe Tinker | 25,635 | 57.0 | +5.5 | |
Unionist | Claude Herbert Grundy | 10,942 | 24.3 | −24.2 | |
Liberal | Thomas Hardy | 8,435 | 18.7 | New | |
Majority | 14,693 | 32.7 | +29.7 | ||
Turnout | 45,012 | 88.3 | +0.1 | ||
Registered electors | 50,982 | ||||
Labour hold | Swing | +14.9 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Joe Tinker | 17,262 | 51.5 | +8.5 | |
Unionist | Edwin Owen | 16,247 | 48.5 | +21.8 | |
Majority | 1,015 | 3.0 | −9.7 | ||
Turnout | 33,509 | 88.2 | +1.7 | ||
Registered electors | 38,010 | ||||
Labour hold | Swing | −6.7 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Joe Tinker | 13,989 | 43.0 | −2.0 | |
Liberal | Robert Burrows | 9,854 | 30.3 | +9.2 | |
Unionist | Herbert Metcalfe (magistrate) | 8,664 | 26.7 | −7.2 | |
Majority | 4,135 | 12.7 | +1.6 | ||
Turnout | 32,507 | 86.5 | −3.4 | ||
Registered electors | 37,597 | ||||
Labour hold | Swing | −5.6 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Henry Twist | 15,006 | 45.0 | −1.4 | |
Unionist | Herbert Metcalfe | 11,279 | 33.9 | New | |
Liberal | Joseph Ashworth | 7,012 | 21.1 | −32.5 | |
Majority | 3,727 | 11.1 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 33,297 | 89.9 | +23.0 | ||
Registered electors | 37,050 | ||||
Labour gain from Liberal | Swing | +15.6 | |||
Elections in the 1910s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Peter Raffan | 12,892 | 53.6 | −1.6 | |
Labour | Richard Owen Jones | 11,146 | 46.4 | New | |
Majority | 1,746 | 7.2 | −3.2 | ||
Turnout | 24,038 | 66.9 | −20.0 | ||
Registered electors | 35,912 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | −1.6 | |||
General Election 1914–15
Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected:
- Liberal: Peter Raffan
- Unionist: Frank Hatchard
- Labour: Thomas Greenall
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Peter Raffan | 6,790 | 55.2 | +15.0 | |
Conservative | William Thomas Oversby | 5,507 | 44.8 | +9.7 | |
Majority | 1,283 | 10.4 | +5.3 | ||
Turnout | 12,297 | 86.9 | -6.7 | ||
Registered electors | 14,150 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | +2.6 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Peter Raffan | 5,325 | 40.2 | −17.9 | |
Conservative | F Cuthbert Smith | 4,646 | 35.1 | −6.8 | |
Labour | Thomas Greenall | 3,268 | 24.7 | New | |
Majority | 679 | 5.1 | −11.1 | ||
Turnout | 13,239 | 93.6 | +1.3 | ||
Registered electors | 14,150 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | −5.6 | |||
Elections in the 1900s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | John Brunner | 7,175 | 58.1 | +7.5 | |
Conservative | Donald MacMaster | 5,169 | 41.9 | −7.5 | |
Majority | 2,006 | 16.2 | +15.0 | ||
Turnout | 12,344 | 92.3 | +5.3 | ||
Registered electors | 13,380 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | +7.5 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | C. P. Scott | 5,239 | 50.6 | −2.9 | |
Conservative | William Walter Augustine Fitzgerald | 5,119 | 49.4 | +2.9 | |
Majority | 120 | 1.2 | −5.8 | ||
Turnout | 10,358 | 87.0 | −2.0 | ||
Registered electors | 11,907 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | −2.9 | |||
Elections in the 1890s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | C. P. Scott | 5,130 | 53.5 | -1.6 | |
Conservative | William Walter Augustine Fitzgerald | 4,453 | 46.5 | +1.6 | |
Majority | 677 | 7.0 | -3.2 | ||
Turnout | 9,583 | 89.0 | -1.4 | ||
Registered electors | 10,763 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | -1.6 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Caleb Wright | 4,899 | 55.1 | −2.7 | |
Conservative | William Charles Jones | 3,995 | 44.9 | +2.7 | |
Majority | 904 | 10.2 | −5.4 | ||
Turnout | 8,894 | 90.4 | +3.7 | ||
Registered electors | 9,839 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | −2.7 | |||
Elections in the 1880s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Caleb Wright | 4,297 | 57.8 | -0.7 | |
Conservative | William Myers | 3,134 | 42.2 | +0.7 | |
Majority | 1,163 | 15.6 | -1.4 | ||
Turnout | 7,431 | 86.7 | −5.4 | ||
Registered electors | 8,572 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | -0.7 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Caleb Wright | 4,621 | 58.5 | ||
Conservative | Lees Knowles | 3,275 | 41.5 | ||
Majority | 1,346 | 17.0 | |||
Turnout | 7,896 | 92.1 | |||
Registered electors | 8,572 | ||||
Liberal win (new seat) |
See also
Notes
- ↑ A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
- ↑ As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.
References
- ↑ "Electorate Figures - Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
- ↑ "North West | Boundary Commission for England". Boundary Commission for England. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
- ↑ "Constituency data: Indices of deprivation". 21 September 2020.
- ↑ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "L" (part 2)
- ↑ Leigh Observer on 14 November 2019, retrieved 14 November.
- 1 2 "General Election 2019: results and analysis - Second edition" (PDF).
- ↑ "Leigh parliamentary constituency". BBC News.
- ↑ "Leigh parliamentary constituency". Wigan Council.
- ↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ↑ "Leigh". BBC News. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
- ↑ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ↑ "The figure reported by the BBC for Burnham (24,295) was incorrect".
- ↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "UK General Election results April 1992". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Archived from the original on 26 October 2016. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
- ↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "UK General Election results April 1992". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "UK General Election results April 1983". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ↑ "UK General Election results April 1979". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ↑ "UK General Election results October 1974". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ↑ "UK General Election results February 1974". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ↑ "UK General Election results '970". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ↑ "UK General Election results 1966". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ↑ "UK General Election results 1964". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ↑ "UK General Election results 1959". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ↑ "UK General Election results 1955". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ↑ "UK General Election results 1951". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ↑ "UK General Election results '950". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ↑ "UK General Election results 1945". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig)