The following is a list of cabinets of Turkey since 1920. Numbered I to V are leaders predating the declaration of the Republic of Turkey on October 29, 1923.

The list includes the one-party period of the Republic of Turkey (1925–1945) and the subsequent multi-party period of the Republic of Turkey (1945–present).

List

No. Head of Government Period in office In office as a result of Party
Pre-republic period
I Mustafa Kemal Atatürk May 3, 1920 –
January 24, 1921		 1920 Turkish Grand National Assembly election Association for Defence of National Rights
II Fevzi Çakmak January 24, 1921 –
May 19, 1921
III Fevzi Çakmak May 19, 1921 –
July 9, 1922
IV Rauf Orbay July 12, 1922 –
August 4, 1923
V Ali Fethi Okyar August 14, 1923 –
October 27, 1923		 1923 general election
One-party period
1 İsmet İnönü November 1, 1923 –
March 6, 1924		 Republican system proclaimed Republican People's Party
2 İsmet İnönü March 6, 1924 –
November 22, 1924		 Government restructure after two ministries abolished
3 Ali Fethi Okyar November 22, 1924 –
March 3, 1925		 Requested by President
4 İsmet İnönü March 3, 1925 –
November 1, 1927		 Okyar resigned after Sheikh Said rebellion
5 İsmet İnönü November 1, 1927 –
September 27, 1930		 1927 general election
6 İsmet İnönü September 27, 1930 –
May 4, 1931		 İnönü renewed cabinet after Liberal Republican Party founded
7 İsmet İnönü May 4, 1931 –
March 1, 1935		 1931 general election
8 İsmet İnönü March 1, 1935 –
October 25, 1937		 1935 general election
9 Celâl Bayar October 25, 1937 –
November 11, 1938		 Resignation of İnönü due to conflicts with President Atatürk.[1]
10 Celâl Bayar November 11, 1938 –
January 25, 1939		 Previous government was dismissed after President’s death.
11 Refik Saydam January 25, 1939 –
April 3, 1939		 Resignation of Bayar due to conflicts with President İnönü[2]
12 Refik Saydam April 3, 1939 –
July 9, 1942		 1939 general election
13 Şükrü Saraçoğlu July 9, 1942 –
March 9, 1943		 Death of Saydam
14 Şükrü Saraçoğlu March 9, 1943 –
August 7, 1946		 1943 general election
Parliamentary system
15 Recep Peker August 7, 1946 –
September 10, 1947		 1946 general election Republican People's Party
16 Hasan Saka September 10, 1947 –
June 10, 1948		 Peker resigned after disagreement with İsmet İnönü. Republican People's Party
17 Hasan Saka June 10, 1948 –
January 16, 1949		 Saka resigned after being criticized against opposition Democrat Party. Republican People's Party
18 Şemsettin Günaltay January 16, 1949 –
May 22, 1950		 Saka resigned after CHP believed to be losing voters. Republican People's Party
19 Adnan Menderes May 22, 1950 –
March 9, 1951		 1950 general election Democrat Party
20 Adnan Menderes March 9, 1951 –
May 17, 1954		 Menderes resigned to be able to renew his cabinet. Democrat Party
21 Adnan Menderes May 17, 1954 –
December 9, 1955		 1954 general election Democrat Party
22 Adnan Menderes December 9, 1955 –
November 25, 1957		 Menderes resigned after a political crisis about press freedom. Democrat Party
23 Adnan Menderes November 25, 1957 –
May 27, 1960		 1957 general election Democrat Party
24 Cemal Gürsel May 30, 1960 –
January 5, 1961		 1960 Turkish coup d'état None
25 Cemal Gürsel January 5, 1961 –
November 20, 1961		 Gürsel resigned to form a new cabinet that would cooperate with the constituent assembly. None
26 İsmet İnönü November 20, 1961 –
June 25, 1962		 1961 general election CHP-Justice Party
27 İsmet İnönü June 25, 1962 –
December 25, 1963		 İnönü resigned after disagreement on an amnesty act for the former DP members. CHP-YTP-CKMP
28 İsmet İnönü December 25, 1963 –
February 20, 1965		 Coalition ended after YTP and CKMP lost votes in 1963 local elections. CHP-Independents
29 Suad Hayri Ürgüplü February 20, 1965 –
October 27, 1965		 Caretaker government until elections Indep.-AP-YTP-CKMP-MP
30 Süleyman Demirel October 27, 1965 –
November 3, 1969		 1965 general election Justice Party
31 Süleyman Demirel November 3, 1969 –
March 6, 1970		 1969 general election Justice Party
32 Süleyman Demirel March 6, 1970 –
March 26, 1971		 Demirel lost vote of no confidence in TBMM. Justice Party
33 Nihat Erim March 26, 1971 –
December 11, 1971		 1971 Turkish coup d'état Indep.-AP-CHP-MGP
34 Nihat Erim December 11, 1971 –
May 22, 1972		 Military re-appointment after government collapsed Indep.-AP-CHP-MGP
35 Ferit Melen May 22, 1972 –
April 15, 1973		 Resignation of Nihat Erim MGP-AP-CHP
36 Mehmet Naim Talu April 15, 1973 –
January 26, 1974		 Fahri Korutürk elected as President Indep.-AP-CGP
37 Bülent Ecevit January 26, 1974 –
November 17, 1974		 1973 general election CHP-MSP
38 Sadi Irmak November 17, 1974 –
March 31, 1975		 CHP and MSP drifted away Indep.-CGP
39 Süleyman Demirel March 31, 1975 –
June 21, 1977		 Previous government formed without a vote of confidence AP-MSP-CGP-MHP
40 Bülent Ecevit June 21, 1977 –
July 21, 1977		 1977 general election CHP minority government
41 Süleyman Demirel July 21, 1977 –
January 5, 1978		 Previous cabinet lost a vote of confidence AP-MSP-MHP
42 Bülent Ecevit January 5, 1978 –
November 12, 1979		 Government overthrown by interpellation CHP-Indep.
43 Süleyman Demirel November 12, 1979 –
September 12, 1980		 Ecevit resigned after his party lost 1979 Senate elections AP
44 Bülent Ulusu September 21, 1980 –
December 13, 1983		 1980 Turkish coup d'état, September None
45 Turgut Özal December 13, 1983 –
December 21, 1987		 1983 general election Motherland Party
46 Turgut Özal December 21, 1987 –
November 9, 1989		 1987 general election Motherland Party
47 Yıldırım Akbulut November 9, 1989 –
June 23, 1991		 1989 presidential election, won by Turgut Özal Motherland Party
48 Mesut Yılmaz June 23, 1991 –
November 20, 1991		 Gaining ANAP leadership at 1991 party congress Motherland Party
49 Süleyman Demirel November 20, 1991 –
June 25, 1993		 1991 general election DYP-SHP
50 Tansu Çiller June 25, 1993 –
October 5, 1995		 1993 presidential election, won by Süleyman Demirel DYP-CHP/SHP
51 Tansu Çiller October 5, 1995 –
October 30, 1995		 CHP withdrawal from coalition DYP minority government
52 Tansu Çiller October 30, 1995 –
March 6, 1996		 Caretaker government[notes 1] DYP-CHP
53 Mesut Yılmaz March 6, 1996 –
June 28, 1996		 1995 general election ANAP-DYP
54 Necmettin Erbakan June 28, 1996 –
June 30, 1997		 Presidential intervention[notes 2] Welfare Party-DYP
55 Mesut Yılmaz June 30, 1997 –
January 11, 1999		 Presidential intervention[notes 3] ANAP-DSP-DTP
56 Bülent Ecevit January 11, 1999 –
May 28, 1999		 Caretaker government until scheduled elections DSP minority government
57 Bülent Ecevit May 28, 1999 –
November 18, 2002		 1999 general election DSP, ANAP, MHP
58 Abdullah Gül November 18, 2002 –
March 11, 2003		 2002 general election Justice and Development Party
59 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan March 14, 2003 –
August 29, 2007		 Abdullah Gül's resignation as Prime Minister Justice and Development Party
60 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan August 29, 2007 –
July 14, 2011		 2007 general election Justice and Development Party
61 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan July 14, 2011 –
August 28, 2014		 2011 general election Justice and Development Party
62 Ahmet Davutoğlu August 29, 2014 –
August 29, 2015		 2014 presidential election, won by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Justice and Development Party
63 Ahmet Davutoğlu August 29, 2015 –
November 24, 2015		 June 2015 general election AKP, MHP,[notes 4] HDP,[notes 5] Indep. interim election government
64 Ahmet Davutoğlu November 24, 2015 –
May 24, 2016		 November 2015 general election Justice and Development Party
65 Binali Yıldırım May 24, 2016 –
July 9, 2018		 Ahmet Davutoğlu's resignation as Prime Minister Justice and Development Party
Presidential system
66 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan July 9, 2018 –
June 3, 2023		 2018 presidential election Justice and Development Party
67 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan June 3, 2023 –
present		 2023 presidential election Justice and Development Party

Statistics

Including the one-party period, shortest government in Turkey's history was DYP minority government led by Tansu Çiller, which only lasted 25 days. Longest government in duty was fourth cabinet of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, which lasted 1,789 days. Longest coalition was DSP, ANAP and MHP coalition led by Bülent Ecevit, which lasted 1270 days.

Including one-party period, only 4 out of 67 governments span into full-extend of their time (came with an election, ended with regular time): first Demirel government, first Özal government, second and fourth Erdoğan government.

Notes

  1. ↑ Caretaking during prolonged coalition negotiations after 1995 general election, December
  2. ↑ Censure motion of Welfare Party (largest party), leading to President Süleyman Demirel asking Welfare Party to form a government
  3. ↑ The Welfare Party resigned from government following the February 1997 military memorandum. DYP and others expected to form a government under Tansu Çiller, but President Süleyman Demirel asked ANAP leader Mesut Yılmaz to form the new government.
  4. ↑ Upon his decision to take part in interim government, MHP member Tuğrul Türkeş suspended from MHP 4 days after his ministry begun.
  5. ↑ HDP ministers resigned from Cabinet 25 days later.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Atatürk'le arası neden bozuldu?". www.haberturk.com (in Turkish). Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  2. ↑ "Celal Bayar başbakanlıktan niçin ayrılmıştı? - Yazarlar - Cemil KOÇAK | STAR". Star.com.tr. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
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