This is a list of launches made by the Proton rocket between 1965 and 1969. All launches were conducted from the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The list includes the first five launches, which were conducted under the designations UR-500 and UR-500K, before the selection of the name Proton.
| List of Proton launches |
|---|
| 1965–1969 · 1970–1979 · 1980–1989 · 1990–1999 · 2000–2009 · 2010–2019 · 2020–2029 |
Launches
| Date/time (UTC) | Configuration | Serial number | Launch pad | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload | Separation orbit | Operator | Function | ||
| Remarks | |||||
1965 | |||||
| 16 July 1965 11:16 |
UR-500 8K82 | 107207-01 | Site 81/23 | Successful | |
| Proton 1 (N-4 #1) | Low Earth | Particle research | |||
| Maiden flight of UR-500 8K82 | |||||
| 2 November 1965 12:28 |
UR-500 8K82 | UR500-209 | Site 81/23 | Successful | |
| Proton 2 (N-4 #2) | Low Earth | Particle research | |||
1966 | |||||
| 24 March 1966 21:00 |
UR-500 8K82 | UR500-211 | Site 81/23 | Failure | |
| N-4 #3 | Low Earth (intended) | Particle research | |||
| 2nd stage engine failure T+122 seconds. Suspected collision with the first stage following separation. | |||||
| 6 July 1966 12:57 |
UR-500 8K82 | UR500-212 | Site 81/23 | Successful | |
| Proton 3 (N-4 #4) | Low Earth | Particle research | |||
| Final flight of UR-500 8K82 | |||||
1967 | |||||
| 10 March 1967 11:30 |
UR-500K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 107227-01 | Site 81/23 | Successful | |
| Kosmos 146 (Soyuz 7K-L1 #2P) | Highly elliptical | Spacecraft test | |||
| Maiden flight of UR-500K 8K82K (later Proton-K), first Proton launch with an upper stage | |||||
| 8 April 1967 09:00 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 228-01 | Site 81/23 | Failure | |
| Kosmos 154 (Soyuz 7K-L1 #3P) | Highly elliptical (intended) Low Earth (achieved) |
Spacecraft test | |||
| Premature separation of fourth stage ullage motors | |||||
| 27 September 1967 22:11 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 229-01 | Site 81/23 | Failure | |
| Soyuz 7K-L1 #4L | Highly elliptical (intended) | Spacecraft test | |||
| #1 first stage engine failed to start at liftoff due to a loose plug. Automatic shutdown commanded at T+97 seconds. The LES pulled the L1 descent module to safety. | |||||
| 22 November 1967 19:07 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 230-01 | Site 81/24 | Failure | |
| Soyuz 7K-L1 #5L | Highly elliptical (intended) | Spacecraft test | |||
| First launch from Site 81/24. Second stage engine failure due to improper start sequence. Automatic shutdown commanded at T+125 seconds. The LES pulled the L1 descent module to safety. | |||||
1968 | |||||
| 2 March 1968 22:11 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 231-01 | Site 81/23 | Successful | |
| Zond 4 (Soyuz 7K-L1 #6L) | Highly elliptical | Spacecraft test | |||
| Spacecraft later failed | |||||
| 22 April 1968 23:01 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 232-01 | Site 81/24 | Failure | |
| Soyuz 7K-L1 #7L | Highly elliptical (intended) | Spacecraft test | |||
| LES malfunction trigged an unintended second stage shutdown. Spacecraft descent module successfully recovered. | |||||
| 14 September 1968 21:42 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 234-01 | Site 81/23 | Successful | |
| Zond 5 (Soyuz 7K-L1 #9L) | Highly elliptical | Spacecraft test | |||
| 10 November 1968 19:11 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 235-01 | Site 81/23 | Successful | |
| Zond 6 (Soyuz 7K-L1 #12L) | Highly elliptical | Spacecraft test | |||
| Spacecraft later failed | |||||
| 16 November 1968 11:40 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 236-01 | Site 81/24 | Successful | |
| Proton 4 (N-6 #1) | Low Earth | Cosmic ray research | |||
| First Proton-K launch without an upper stage | |||||
1969 | |||||
| 20 January 1969 04:14 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 237-01 | Site 81/23 | Failure | |
| Soyuz 7K-L1 #13L | Highly elliptical (intended) | Spacecraft test | |||
| #3 second stage engine failed due to rotor imbalance. The other three engines managed to complete second stage burn successfully, but the third stage then failed due to a propellant feed malfunction. The spacecraft was detached and successfully recovered. | |||||
| 19 February 1969 06:48 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 239-01 | Site 81/24 | Failure | |
| Luna E-8 #201 | Highly elliptical (intended) | Lunar lander | |||
| Payload fairing broke up T+51 seconds. First stage exploded after flying debris ruptured the propellant tanks. Spacecraft was to have deployed a Lunokhod rover | |||||
| 27 March 1969 10:40 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 240-01 | Site 81/23 | Failure | |
| Mars-2M #521 | Heliocentric (intended) | Mars orbiter | |||
| Third stage engine failure due to rotor imbalance. | |||||
| 2 April 1969 10:33 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 233-01 | Site 81/24 | Failure | |
| Mars-2M #522 | Heliocentric (intended) | Mars orbiter | |||
| Missing drain plug caused a first stage engine failure and thrust section fire at liftoff. Booster impacted the ground 40 seconds after launch. | |||||
| 14 June 1969 04:00 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 238-01 | Site 81/24 | Failure | |
| Luna E-8-5 #402 | Highly elliptical (intended) | Lunar sample return | |||
| Blok D ignition failure | |||||
| 13 July 1969 02:54 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 242-01 | Site 81/24 | Successful | |
| Luna 15 (Luna E-8-5 #401) | Highly elliptical | Lunar sample return | |||
| Spacecraft later failed | |||||
| 7 August 1969 23:48 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 243-01 | Site 81/23 | Successful | |
| Zond 7 (Soyuz 7K-L1 #11) | Highly elliptical | Spacecraft test | |||
| 23 September 1969 14:07 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 244-01 | Site 81/24 | Failure | |
| Kosmos 300 (Luna E-8-5 #403) | Highly elliptical (intended) Low Earth (achieved) |
Lunar sample return | |||
| Blok D failure due to defective LOX valve | |||||
| 22 October 1969 14:09 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 241-01 | Site 81/24 | Failure | |
| Kosmos 305 (Luna E-8-5 #404) | Highly elliptical (intended) Low Earth (achieved) |
Lunar sample return | |||
| Upper control system malfunctioned | |||||
| 28 November 1969 09:00 |
Proton-K/D 8K82K/11S824 | 245-01 | Site 81/23 | Failure | |
| Soyuz 7K-L1E #1 | Medium Earth (intended) | Test flight | |||
| Third stage engine failure T+556 seconds due to resonant vibration causing the rupture of a propellant feed line.[1] | |||||
References
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- Wade, Mark. "Proton". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on September 13, 2008. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
- ↑ Wade, Mark. "Soyuz 7K-L1E". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 6 September 2010. Retrieved 25 April 2010.
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