Location of Venezuela

Venezuela is a federal republic located on the northern coast of South America. Oil was discovered in the early 20th century and, today, Venezuela has the world's largest known oil reserves and has been one of the world's leading exporters of oil. Previously an underdeveloped exporter of agricultural commodities such as coffee and cocoa, oil quickly came to dominate exports and government revenues. The 1980s oil glut led to an external debt crisis and a long-running economic crisis. Inflation peaked at 100% in 1996. As (by 1998) per capita GDP fell to the same level as 1963, down a third from its 1978 peak.[1] The recovery of oil prices in the early 2000s gave Venezuela oil funds not seen since the 1980s.[2] A destabilized economy led to a crisis in Bolivarian Venezuela, resulting in hyperinflation, an economic depression, shortages of basic goods and drastic increases in poverty, disease, child mortality, malnutrition, and crime.[3][4]

Notable firms

This list includes notable companies with primary headquarters located in the country. The industry and sector follow the Industry Classification Benchmark taxonomy. Organizations which have ceased operations are included and noted as defunct.

Notable companies
     Active      State-owned      Defunct
Name Industry Sector Headquarters Founded Notes
ACO, C.A. Consumer services Specialized consumer services Caracas 1951 Car rentals
Aero Ejecutivos Consumer services Airlines Maiquetía 2005 Airline
Aeroexpresos Ejecutivos, C.A. Consumer services Airlines Caracas 1990 Passenger and cargo airline
Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela Consumer services Airlines Caracas 1929 State airline, defunct 2017
Agencia Venezolana de Noticias Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1977 National news agency
Alcasa Basic materials Aluminum Ciudad Guayana 1960 Aluminium
Alimentos La Giralda Consumer goods Food products Caracas 1944 Food import, part of Fierro Group (Spain)
Alimentos Polar Consumer goods Food & beverage Caracas 1954 Production and distribution, part of Empresas Polar
Asamblea Nacional Televisión Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 2005 State broadcaster
Aserca Airlines Consumer services Airlines Valencia 1968 Scheduled airline
Avensa Consumer services Airlines Caracas 1943 Airline, defunct 2004
Avila TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 2006 State television
Avior Airlines Consumer services Airlines Barcelona 1994 Airline
Avior Regional Consumer services Airlines Caracas 2015 Regional airline, part of Avior Airlines
Bancaribe Financials Banks Caracas 1954 Bank
Banco Bicentenario Financials Banks Caracas 2009 Bank
Banco de Venezuela Financials Banks Caracas 1890 Bank
Banco Federal Financials Banks Caracas 1982 Bank, defunct 2010
Banco Industrial de Venezuela Financials Banks Caracas 1937 Bank, defunct 2009
Banco Nacional de Crédito (BNC) Financials Banks Caracas 1977 Bank
Banco Occidental de Descuento (BOD) Financials Banks Maracaibo 1957 Bank, defunct 2022
Banco Venezolano de Crédito Financials Banks Caracas 1925 Bank
BANDES Financials Banks Caracas 2001 Lending bank
Banesco Financials Banks Caracas 1992 Bank
BBVA Provincial Financials Banks Caracas 1953 Part of Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (Spain)
Biblioteca Ayacucho Consumer services Publishing Caracas 1974 Publisher
Bodegas Pomar, C.A. Consumer goods Distillers & vintners Barquisimeto 1985 Wine
Bolívar Films Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1939 Film
Bolívar TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Aroa 2004 Community broadcaster
Buena Televisión Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Táchira 2006 State broadcaster
Calipso TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Ciudad Guayana 2003 Television
Camunare Rojo TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Yaracuy 2003 Television
Canal Maximo Televisión Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1993 Defunct 2006
CANTV Telecommunications Fixed line telecommunications Caracas 1930 State telecom
Catia TVe Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 2001 Local television
Cervecería Polar Consumer goods Brewer Caracas 1941 Brewery, part of Empresas Polar
Chocolates El Rey Consumer goods Food products Caracas 1929 Confectionery
Contacto Vecinal TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment José Félix Ribas 2005 Community television
Cinex Consumer services Recreational services Caracas 1998 Theaters
Conviasa Consumer services Airlines Maiquetía 2004 Airline
Coro TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Coro 2004 Local television
Corpoelec Utilities Electricity Caracas 2007 Power utility
Corporación Venezolana de Guayana (CVG) Basic materials Aluminum Ciudad Guayana 1960 Mining and aluminum
Digitel GSM Telecommunications Mobile telecommunications Caracas 1995 Mobile network
Ediciones Ekare Consumer services Publishing Caracas 1978 Children's publisher
El Nacional Consumer services Publishing Caracas 1943 Daily newspapers
El Universal Consumer services Publishing Caracas 1909 Daily newspaper
Electricidad de Caracas (EDC) Utilities Electricity Caracas 1895 Power utility, defunct 2007
Empresas 1BC Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1920 Broadcasting
Empresas Polar Consumer goods Food & beverage Caracas 1941 Brewer, other food and beverage
Envases Venezolanos Consumer goods Glass & tinning Caracas 1952 Packaging
Flamingo Televisión Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Falcón 1990 Local television
FM Center Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1997 Radio
Fondo Común Financials Banks Caracas 1963 Bank
Fundacomez Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Zulia 2004 Local television
Galopando TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Guárico 2004 Local television
Global TV (Venezuela) Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Zulia 1990 Local television
Globovisión Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1994 Television news network
Helados EFE, C.A. Consumer goods Food products Caracas 1926 Ice cream, part of Empresas Polar
IPOSTEL Logistics Delivery services Caracas 1978 Postal services
Inter Telecommunications Fixed line telecommunications Barquisimeto 1996 Cable
Jaureguina TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment La Grita 2004 Local television
LAI – Línea Aérea IAACA Consumer services Airlines Barinas 1995 Airline, defunct 2006
LASER Airlines Consumer services Airlines Caracas 1993 Airline
La Tele Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 2002 Television network defunct, 2015
Línea Turística Aereotuy Consumer services Airlines Caracas 1982 Airline
Mercantil Servicios Financieros Financials Financial services Caracas 1997 Banking, insurance, wealth management
Meridiano Televisión Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1996 Sports television, part of Bloque De Armas
Michelena TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Michelena 2002 Local television
Montaña TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Táchira 2004 Local television
Monte Ávila Editores Consumer services Publishing Caracas 1968 Publisher
Oritvisión Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Cedeño 2004 Local television
PDVSA Oil & gas Exploration & production Caracas 1976 State oil & gas
PDVAL Consumer goods Food & beverage Caracas 2008 Food supply network, part of PDVSA
Promar TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Barquisimeto 1995 Regional television
Puma TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1995 Television, defunct 2007
Quijote TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Zulia 2006 Local television
RCTV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1953 Radio Caracas Televisión Internaciona, part of Empresas 1BC
RUTACA Airlines Consumer services Airlines Ciudad Bolívar 1974 Airline
Sambil Consumer services Real estate development Caracas 1958 Retail
SBA Airlines Consumer services Airlines Caracas 1995 Airline
Servivensa Consumer services Airlines Caracas 1990 Airline, part of Avensa
Sidetur Basic materials Iron & steel Caracas 1948 Steel, part of Sivensa
SIDOR Basic materials Iron & steel Caracas 1953 Steel
Siguaraya TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Acarigua 2006 Local television
Síragon Consumer goods Consumer electronics Valencia 2004 Appliances, computers, cell phones, TVs, white goods
Sivensa Basic materials Iron & steel Caracas 1948 Steel
Sol América Consumer services Airlines Caracas 1980 Domestic chartered airline
Sonográfica Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas  ? Record label
Supermercado De Candido Consumer services Retail Falcón 1950 Supermarket chain
Survisión Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Arzobispo Chacón 2004 Local television
Tarmas TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Vargas 2002 Local television
TELE N Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Maracaibo  ? Regional news, defunct
Telesur Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 2005 State broadcaster
Teletambores TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Santa Rita 2002 Local television
Televen Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1988 Television network
Televisión Educativa Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment  ? 2009 Educational television network
Televisora Comunitaria de Rubio Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Rubio 2006 Local television
Televisora de Oriente Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Puerto la Cruz 1992 Local television
Televisora Regional del Táchira (TRT) Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment San Cristóbal 1989 Local television
TV Bailadores Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Bailadores 2004 Local television
TV Familia Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 2000 Local television
TV Llano Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment San Juan de los Morros 1995 Local television
TV Puerto Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Puerto la Cruz 2003 Local television
TVS (Venezuela) Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Maracay 1994 Local television
ULA TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Mérida 1999 Regional television
Valdez TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Güiria 2005 Local television
Vale TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1998 Local television
Venevisión Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1961 Television network, part of Grupo Cisneros (US)
Venezolana de Televisión Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 1964 State television network
Venezolana Consumer services Airlines Maracaibo 2001 Low-cost airline
Vensecar Internacional Consumer services Airlines Caracas 1996 Cargo airline
Vida TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Táchira 2003 Local television
VIT, C.A. Technology Computer hardware Falcón 2005 Laptops
ViVe Televisión Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Caracas 2003 State television
Women's Development Bank Financials Banks Caracas 2001 Bank
Zamora TV Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Villa de Cura 2004 Local television
Zuliana de Aviación Consumer services Airlines Maracaibo 1985 Airline, defunct 2002
Zuliana de Televisión Consumer services Broadcasting & entertainment Zulia 1998 Regional television

See also

References

  1. Kelly, Janet; Palma, Perdo A. (2006). "Chapter 10: The Syndrome of Economic Decline and the Quest for Change". In McCoy, Jennifer L.; Myers, David J. (eds.). The Unraveling of Representative Democracy in Venezuela. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-8428-4.
  2. Heritage, Andrew (December 2002). Financial Times World Desk Reference. Dorling Kindersley. ISBN 978-0-7894-8805-3.
  3. Scharfenberg, Ewald (1 February 2015). "Volver a ser pobre en Venezuela". El Pais. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
  4. Herrero, Ana Vanessa; Malkin, Elisabeth (16 January 2017). "Venezuela Issues New Bank Notes Because of Hyperinflation". The New York Times. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
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