Venezuelan literature can be traced to pre-Hispanic times with the myths and oral literature that formed the cosmogonic view of the world that indigenous people had. Some of these stories are still known in Venezuela. Like many Latin American countries, the Spanish conquerors have had the greatest effect on both the culture and the literature. The Spanish colonizers' first written documents are considered to be the origin of Venezuela's written literature. This has included chronicles, letters, acts, etc.

History

Venezuela's first major writer was Andrés Bello. Venezuelan literature developed in the 19th century with the formation of Venezuela as a nation state and the political conflicts of the time between conservatives and liberals. Notable works include Venezuela Heroica (1881), by Eduardo Blanco, on the Venezuelan War of Independence.

In the 20th century, with the modernization and urbanization of Venezuela thanks to the economic boom provided by petroleum, some of its finest writers were: Teresa de la Parra, Rómulo Gallegos, Arturo Uslar Pietri, Salvador Garmendia. Gallegos' Doña Bárbara (1929) was described in 1974 as "possibly the most widely known Latin American novel".[1] The National Prize for Literature, awarded annually, was established in 1948, with Uslar Pietri the only writer to win twice in the first five decades.

Rafael Cadenas and Eugenio Montejo are among the best known poets of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century.

At the start of the 21st century, Venezuelan fiction boomed with major new works by Federico Vegas, Francisco Suniaga, Ana Teresa Torres and Slavko Župčić. According to critic and journalist Boris Muñoz, Venezuelan fiction has "opened up to find a bigger audience, through noir novels, historical novels, without renouncing its own Venezuelan idiosyncrasies".[2] With the Venezuelan refugee crisis in the 2010s, migration has become a predominant topic in Venezuelan literature.[3][4] Many Venezuelan writers live and publish outside the country, notably in Spain, the United States and other parts of Latin America.[5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Shaw, Donald, "Gallegos' Revision of Doña Bárbara 1929-30, Hispanic Review 42(3), Summer 1974, p265
  2. ↑ Valdes, Marcela (11 April 2013). "Oil, Chavez And Telenovelas: The Rise Of The Venezuelan Novel". NPR. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
  3. ↑ Valladares-Ruiz, Patricia (2018-09-21). Narrativas del descalabro. Boydell and Brewer Limited. ISBN 978-1-78744-344-0.
  4. ↑ Carreño, Víctor (2020). "Narrativa De La Emigración Venezolana En El Siglo XXI: Emergencia E Invisibilización". Revista de Estudios Hispánicos. 54 (2): 371–393. doi:10.1353/rvs.2020.0006. ISSN 2164-9308.
  5. ↑ Rodríguez, Alirio Fernández. "El mapa glocal de la literatura venezolana contemporánea". Cinco8 (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-10-02.
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