This is a list of Roman consuls designate, individuals who were either elected or nominated to the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic, or a high office of the Empire, but who for some reason did not enter office at the beginning of the year, either through death, disgrace, or due to changes in imperial administration.

6th–2nd centuries BC

Year BC Year AUC Nominated consul(s) Replacement consul(s) Reason for failure to take office
393 361 L. Valerius Potitus Poplicola,
and Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis		 L. Lucretius Tricipitinus Flavus,
and Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus		 Elected but abdicated before installation[1]
220 534 M. Valerius Laevinus,
and Q. Mucius Scaevola		 Q. Lutatius Catulus,
and L. Veturius Philo		 Elected but gave up magistracies before being installed[2]
215 539 L. Postumius Albinus M. Claudius Marcellus Elected but died in Cisalpine Gaul prior to taking office[3]
108 646 Q. Hortensius M. Aurelius Scaurus Prosecuted and condemned before taking office[4]

1st century BC

Year BC Year AUC Nominated consul(s) Replacement consul(s) Reason for failure to take office
99 655 Gaius Memmius A. Postumius Albinus Elected consul designate in 100 BC, but was murdered on the day he was elected in a riot sparked by Gaius Servilius Glaucia and Lucius Appuleius Saturninus[5]
68 686 Servilius Vatia None Consul suffectus designate, elected after the death of Lucius Caecilius Metellus, but died before taking office[6]
65 689 P. Cornelius Sulla,
and P. Autronius Paetus		 L. Aurelius Cotta,
and L. Manlius Torquatus		 Condemned for bribery before taking office[7]
42 712 D. Junius Brutus Albinus M. Aemilius Lepidus Nominated in 45 BC by Julius Caesar, but his involvement in Caesar's assassination saw him killed in the civil war that followed (43 BC).[8]
41 713 G. Cassius Longinus,
and M. Junius Brutus		 L. Antonius Pietas,
and P. Servilius Isauricus II		 Nominated by Julius Caesar, but their leading involvement in Caesar's assassination saw them killed at the Battle of Philippi in the civil war that followed (42 BC).[9]
39 715 Q. Salvidienus Rufus  ? L. Marcius Censorinus Nominated by Octavianus, but his proposal to Marcus Antonius to betray Octavianus was uncovered, and he was either killed or committed suicide in 40 BC.[10][11]
33 721 Sex. Pompeius Magnus  ? L. Volcatius Tullus As part of the treaty of Misenum, Sextus Pompeius was promised the consulate for this year. He died in 35 BC after falling out with Octavianus.[12][13]
31 723 M. Antonius M. Valerius Messalla Corvinus Agreed that he would share the consulship in 31 BC with Octavianus, and although he claimed the office, it was not recognized in Rome.[14]
29 725 Gaius Furnius  ? The younger Furnius, consul 17 BC, successfully reconciled his father and Octavian after the civil war and the elder Furnius became consul designatus in BC 29.[15]
23 731 A. Varro Murena Cn. Calpurnius Piso Died before taking office[16]

1st century AD

Year Nominated consul(s) Replacement consul(s) Reason for failure to take office
4 L. Julius Caesar Sextus Aelius Catus
or Gaius Sentius Saturninus		 Nominated consul designate in 2 BC for the year AD 4, but died 2 years before he was due to take office[17]
40 M. Cocceius Nerva None Nominated consul designate for AD 40, but died before taking office[18]
49 C. Silius  ? C. Pompeius Longus Gallus Nominated consul designate by the emperor Claudius, but was executed after marrying Claudius's wife, Valeria Messalina, in a probable plot against the emperor.[19]
65 Plautius Lateranus Nominated consul designate for AD 65, but was killed for his involvement against the emperor Nero in the Pisonian conspiracy.[20]
68 Cingonius Varro Nominated by Nero as consul designate for AD 68, but was killed by Galba in the aftermath of the failed usurpation of Nymphidius Sabinus.[21]
69 P. Petronius Turpilianus II Was consul designate in AD 68, but was executed by Galba on his way to Rome.[22]
70 P. Valerius Marinus D. Valerius Asiaticus Nominated consul designate in AD 69 by the emperor Galba, but was deferred upon Galba's death.[23]
70 Marcius Macer Nominated consul designate by Otho in AD 69, but was passed over after the accession of Vitellius.[24][25][26]
70 D. Valerius Asiaticus T. Caesar Vespasianus Nominated consul designate by Vitellius in AD 69, but was put aside with the accession of Vespasian.[27]
83 M. Pompeius Silvanus Staberius Flavinus III Nominated consul designate by Domitian, but died before taking office.[28]

2nd and 3rd centuries AD

Year Nominated consul(s) Replacement consul(s) Reason for failure to take office
128 P. Metilius Nepos II Nominated consul designate for AD 128, but died prior to his taking office.
179 Cn. Julius Verus II[29]
between 177 and 180, or 198 and 209 L. Cestius Gallus[30] Unknown; based on reading of CIL X, 3722

4th and 5th centuries AD

Year Nominated consul(s) Replacement consul(s) Reason for failure to take office
377 L. Aurelius Avianius Symmachus Flavius Merobaudes Nominated consul designate in AD 376, but died the same year.[31]
385 Vettius Agorius Praetextatus Flavius Bauto Nominated consul designate in AD 384, but died the same year.[32]
401 Gainas Flavius Fravitta Nominated consul designate in AD 400 by Arcadius, but killed during the political upheavals orchestrated by Aelia Eudoxia.[33]

References

  1. ↑ Swan, p. 238.
  2. ↑ Swan, pp. 238, 239.
  3. ↑ Swan, p. 239.
  4. ↑ Swan, pp. 239, 240.
  5. ↑ Broughton, vol. III, p. 23.
  6. ↑ Broughton, vol. II, p. 136.
  7. ↑ Broughton, vol. II, p. 156; Swan, p. 240.
  8. ↑ Broughton, vol. II, p. 346.
  9. ↑ Ryan, p. 248.
  10. ↑ Swan, p. 244.
  11. ↑ Syme, The Roman Revolution, p. 220.
  12. ↑ Swan, pg. 244
  13. ↑ Syme, The Roman Revolution, p. 221.
  14. ↑ Swan, p. 244.
  15. ↑ Lucius Annaeus Seneca, De Beneficiis ii. 25.
  16. ↑ Swan, pp. 240–242.
  17. ↑ Syme, The Roman Revolution, p. 417.
  18. ↑ Wardle, p. 180.
  19. ↑ Barbara Levick, Claudius, p. 66.
  20. ↑ Griffin, p. 194.
  21. ↑ Rudich, p. 224.
  22. ↑ Levick, Vespasian, p. 43.
  23. ↑ Syme, Governors Dying in Syria.
  24. ↑ Tacitus, Historiae, ii. 71.
  25. ↑ PIR, vol. II, p. 350.
  26. ↑ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. II, p. 884 ("Marcius Macer").
  27. ↑ Levick, Vespasian, p. 79.
  28. ↑ Jones, The Emperor Domitian, p. 55
  29. ↑ Hall, p. 118.
  30. ↑ Anthony Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), pp. 258
  31. ↑ Jones & Martindale, p. 864.
  32. ↑ Jones & Martindale, p. 723.
  33. ↑ Cameron, p. 327.

Bibliography

  • Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849).
  • Paul von Rohden, Elimar Klebs, & Hermann Dessau, Prosopographia Imperii Romani (The Prosopography of the Roman Empire, abbreviated PIR), Berlin (1898).
  • Ronald Syme, The Roman Revolution, Oxford University Press (1939); "Governors Dying in Syria" in Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, pp. 125–144 (1981).
  • T. Robert S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, vol. II (1952); vol. III (1986).
  • Michael Swan, "The Consular Fasti of 23 BC and the Conspiracy of Varro Murena", Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, vol. 71, pp. 235 – 247 (1967).
  • A. H. M. Jones & J. R. Martindale, The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol. I (1971).
  • Alan Cameron, Barbarians and Politics at the Court of Arcadius, University of California Press (1993).
  • Brian W. Jones, The Emperor Domitian, Taylor & Francis (1993).
  • Vasily Rudich, Political Dissidence under Nero: the Price of Dissimulation, Routledge (1993).
  • D. Wardle, "Suetonius' Life of Caligula: a Commentary", Revue d'Etudes Latines, vol. 225 (1994).
  • Francis X. Ryan, Rank and Participation in the Republican Senate, Franz Steiner Verlag (1998).
  • Miriam T. Griffin, Nero: The End of a Dynasty, Psychology Press (2000).
  • Linda Jones Hall, Roman Berytus: Beirut in late antiquity, Routledge (2004).
  • Barbara Levick, 66 Claudius, Yale University Press (1993); Vespasian, Routledge (1999).
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