A national museum can be a museum maintained and funded by a national government.[1] In many countries it denotes a museum run by the central government, while other museums are run by regional or local governments.[2] In the United States, most national museums are privately funded and operated, but have been designated by Congress as national institutions that are important to the country. In other countries a much greater number of museums are run by the central government.[3]
The following is an incomplete list of national museums:
Afghanistan
Albania
The Albanian government operates several national museums, including:
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
The Argentinian Ministry of Culture operates several national museums, including:
Armenia
Australia
The Australian Government operates several national museums through its various departments, including:
- Australian National Maritime Museum
- Australian War Memorial
- National Gallery of Australia
- National Museum of Australia
- National Portrait Gallery (Australia)
- Questacon
In addition, a number of states in Australia also operate "national museums". These include:
- National Motor Museum, Birdwood, operated by the government of South Australia
- National Gallery of Victoria, operated by the government of Victoria
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahamas
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belarus
Belgium
The Federal Public Service for Science Policy Programming in Belgium operates several museum associations:
Belize
Bhutan
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bosnian and Herzegovinian Museum of Literature
- Historical Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
- National Historical Museum, Brazil (Museu Histórico Nacional)
- National Museum of Brazil (Museu Nacional)
- National Museum of Fine Arts (Museu Nacional de Belas Artes)
- National Museum of the Republic (Museu Nacional da República)
Brunei
The government of Brunei operates several museums including:
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Canada
The following are national museums of Canada, established by the federal government of Canada and operated through an autonomous Crown corporation:
- Canada Agriculture and Food Museum
- Canada Aviation and Space Museum
- Canada Science and Technology Museum
- Canadian Museum for Human Rights
- Canadian Museum of History
- Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21
- Canadian Museum of Nature
- Canadian War Museum
- National Gallery of Canada
- Virtual Museum of New France
Former national museums that were later shut down includes:
In addition to institutions established or operated by the Government of Canada, several provinces and territories have established their own provincial and territorial museums.
Central African Republic
Chad
- Chad National Museum (Musee National N'Djamena)
Chile
- National Air and Space Museum (Santiago)
- National History Museum[4]
- National Museum of Fine Arts (Santiago)
- National Museum of Natural History (Santiago)
China
Colombia
Comoros
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Costa Rica
Croatia
Cuba
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominica
Egypt
Eritrea
Estonia
Ethiopia
Fiji
Finland
France
- Centre Georges Pompidou (Musée National d'Art Moderne)
- Musée de l'Armée
- Musée Camille Claudel
- Musée de Cluny - National Museum of the Middle-Ages (Musée National du Moyen-Age)
- Musée du Louvre
- Museum of European and Mediterranean Civilisations (MuCEM)
- Musée d'Orsay
- Museum of Air and Space (Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace)
- Museum of Natural History (Muséum national d'histoire naturelle)
- Museum of Science and Industry (Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie)
- National Navy Museum (Musée national de la Marine)
- National Railway Museum (Musée Français du Chemin de Fer)
Gambia
Georgia
Germany
- Bavarian National Museum
- German Historical Museum
- German Museum of Technology (Deutsches Technikmuseum Berlin)
- German National Museum (Germanisches Nationalmuseum)
- Glyptothek
- The Max Planck Institutes
- Modern Art Museum (Pinakothek der Moderne)
- National Gallery
- National Museum of Germany (Deutsches Museum)
- New Pinakothek (Neue Pinakothek)
- Old Pinakothek (Alte Pinakothek)
Ghana
Greece
Grenada
Guatemala
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Holy See (Vatican City)
Hong Kong
Hungary
Iceland
Isle of Man
- Manx National Heritage (Eiraght Ashoonagh Vannin)
India
National-level museums in India come directly under the administrative control of Ministry of Culture, Government of India.[5]
- National Museum, New Delhi
- Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya
- Indian Museum
- Government Museum, Mathura
- National Gallery of Modern Art
- Allahabad Museum
- Government Museum, Chennai
- Salar Jung Museum
- Dr. Bhau Daji Lad Museum
- Government Museum and Art Gallery, Chandigarh
- City Palace, Jaipur
- City Palace, Udaipur
- National Handicrafts and Handlooms Museum
- Victoria Memorial
- Jaisalmer War Museum
- Hazarduari Palace
- Sabarmati Ashram
- Cavalry Tank Museum, Ahmednagar
- National Rail Museum, New Delhi
- Railway Museum, Mysore
- Albert Hall Museum
- Madame Tussauds Delhi
- 23 science centers under the National Council of Science Museums
- 44 site museums under the Archaeological Survey of India
Indonesia
Museums listed below are operated by Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology and other ministries.
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
- Bargello National Museum (Museo Nazionale del Bargello)
- Galleria degli Uffizi
- National Archeological Museum of Naples (Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli)
- National Archaeological Museum of Nuoro
- National Etruscan Museum (Museo Nazionale Etrusco)
- National Gallery of Ancient Art (Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica)
- National Gallery of Modern Art (Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna)
- National Museum of Capodimonte (Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte)
- National Museum of Magna Grecia (Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia)
- National Museum of Oriental Art
- National Museum of Rome
- Pinacoteca di Brera
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kiribati
North Korea
South Korea
Kosovo
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Latvia
- Latvian National Museum of Art
- Latvian National Museum of History
Lebanon
Liberia
Libya
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
- National Museum of History and Art, in Luxembourg City
- National Museum of Military History, in Diekirch
- National Museum of Natural History, in Luxembourg City
Macau
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Mali
Malta
Marshall Islands
Mauritania
Mexico
- Museo Nacional de Antropología (National Museum of Anthropology)
- Museo Nacional de Historia (National Museum of History)
Moldova
Monaco
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Myanmar
Namibia
Nauru
Nepal
Netherlands
- Dordrechts Museum
- EYE Film Institute Netherlands
- Huis Doorn
- Kröller-Müller Museum
- Loevestein
- Mauritshuis
- Muiderslot
- Museum Boerhaave
- Museum Catharijneconvent
- Museum Meermanno
- Museum Mesdag
- National Museum of Ethnology
- Naturalis
- Nederlands Scheepvaartmuseum
- Paleis het Loo
- Rijksmuseum Amsterdam
- Rijksmuseum Twenthe
- Rijksmuseum van Oudheden
- Openluchtmuseum
- Van Gogh Museum
- Zuiderzeemuseum
New Zealand
- Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa - commonly known as Te Papa or Our Place in English translation
Niger
- Musée National Boubou Hama, formerly National Museum of Niger
Nigeria
North Macedonia
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Palau
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
The National Museum of the Philippines (NMP), a government organization, operates several national museums, including:
The National Museum Complex in Manila which consists of the central museums of the NMP namely the:
The NMP also operates the following satellite museums:
- National Museum Dumaguete
- National Museum Western Visayas
- National Museum Cordillera
- National Museum Ilocos
- National Museum Cagayan Valley
- National Museum Bicol
- National Museum Eastern-Northern Mindanao
- National Museum Western-Southern Mindanao
- National Museum Batanes
- National Museum Marinduque-Romblon
- National Museum Bohol
- National Museum Sulu
- National Museum Kabayan
- National Museum Tabon Caves Site Museum
- National Museum Angono-Binangonan
Poland
Portugal
- Air Museum, part of the Portuguese Air Force
- Grão Vasco National Museum
- Porto Military Museum, part of the Portuguese Army
- National Archaeology Museum
- National Azulejo Museum
- National Coach Museum
- National Museum of Ancient Art
- National Museum of Contemporary Art of Chiado
- National Museum of Costume and Fashion
- National Museum of Ethnology, it includes the Popular Art Museum
- National Museum of Natural History and Science, part of the University of Lisbon
- National Museum Machado de Castro
- National Museum Soares dos Reis
- National Music Museum
- National Railway Museum
- National Theatre and Dance Museum
- Navy Museum, part of the Portuguese Navy
Qatar
Romania
- ASTRA Museum of Traditional Folk Civilization (Muzeul Civilizaţiei Populare Tradiţionale)
- ASTRA Museum of Transylvanian Civilisation (Muzeul Civilizaţiei Transilvane)
- Brukenthal National Museum
- Emil Sigerus Museum of Saxon Ethnography and Folk Art (Muzeul de Etnografie şi Artă Populară Săsească ASTRA)
- Franz Binder Museum of Universal Ethnography (Muzeul de Etnografie Universală ASTRA)
- National History Museum of Romania
- National Military Museum, Romania (Muzeul Militar Naţional)
- National Museum of Art of Romania
Russia
Rwanda
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Samoa
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Solomon Islands
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Spain
- National Archaeological Museum, Madrid
- Cervantes' House Museum, Valladolid
- Museum of the Royal Mint, Madrid
- Museum Cerralbo, Madrid
- Aeronautical and Astronautical Museum, Madrid
- Museum of the Americas, Madrid
- Museum of the Army, Toledo
- Catalonia Railway Museum, Vilanova i la Geltrú (Barcelona)
- Railway Museum, Madrid
- El Greco Museum, Toledo
- National Museum of Romanticism, Madrid
- Museum of Garment - Ethnologic Heritage Research Center, Madrid
- Geomineral Museum, Madrid
- Lázaro Galdiano Museum, Madrid
- Queen Sofía Art Center National Museum, Madrid
- National Museum of Anthropology, Madrid
- National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology, Cartagena (Murcia)
- National Museum of Roman Art, Mérida (Badajoz)
- National Museum of Decorative Arts, Madrid
- González Martí National Museum of Ceramics and Decorative Arts, Valencia
- National Museum of Science and Technology, La Coruña and Alcobendas (Madrid)
- National Museum of Natural Sciences, Madrid
- National Museum of Sculpture, Valladolid
- Prado National Museum, Madrid
- National Museum of Theatre, Almagro (Ciudad Real)
- Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum, Madrid
- National Museum and Research Center of Altamira, Santillana del Mar (Cantabria)
- Naval Museum, Madrid
- Sephardic Museum, Toledo
- Sorolla Museum, Madrid
- Royal Botanical Garden, Madrid
Catalonia [6]
- National Art Museum of Catalonia (MNAC), Barcelona
- National Museum of Science and Industry of Catalonia (mNACTEC), Terrassa
- Archaeological Museum of Catalonia (MAC), Barcelona, Empúries, Girona, Olèrdola and Ullastret
Sri Lanka
- National Museum of Colombo
- National Museum Galle
- National Museum Kandy
- National Museum Maritime
- National Museum Ratnapura
Sudan
Suriname
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan
- Chunghwa Postal Museum
- National Museum of History
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium
- National Museum of Marine Science and Technology
- National Museum of Natural Science
- National Museum of Prehistory
- National Museum of Taiwan History
- National Museum of Taiwan Literature
- National Palace Museum
- National Radio Museum
- National Science and Technology Museum
- National Taiwan Museum
- National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts
- Republic of China Air Force Museum
- Republic of China Armed Forces Museum
- Southern Branch of the National Palace Museum
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Togo
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Turks and Caicos
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
England
Sponsored by the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport
- British Museum
- Victoria & Albert Museum
- Victoria and Albert Museum in London
- V&A Museum of Childhood in London
- Also see 'Scotland' below
- Horniman Museum and Gardens
- Imperial War Museum
- Imperial War Museum London
- Imperial War Museum Duxford
- HMS Belfast (C35)
- Churchill War Rooms
- Imperial War Museum North
- National Museums Liverpool
- Royal Armouries
- Royal Armouries Museum in Leeds
- Tower of London in London
- Fort Nelson in Portsmouth
- Science Museum Group
- The Science Museum in South Kensington, London
- The Science and Industry Museum in Manchester
- The National Railway Museum in York
- The National Railway Museum Shildon in County Durham ("Locomotion")
- The National Science and Media Museum (formerly the National Museum of Photography, Film and Television) in Bradford, and
- The Science Museum at Wroughton in Swindon, Wiltshire.
- Sir John Soane's Museum
- Tate
- The Box, Plymouth in Plymouth, Devon
- Wallace Collection
- Natural History Museum, London
- Geffrye Museum
- National Coal Mining Museum for England, Wakefield
- National Gallery
- National Portrait Gallery
- Royal Museums Greenwich
Sponsored by Ministry of Defence
Sponsored by the Home Office
Northern Ireland
Scotland
Wales
United States
- Atomic/Nuclear
- Department of Defense:
- Air Force:
- Army:
- Navy:
- National Security Agency:
- Central Intelligence Agency:
- Department of Homeland Security
- National Gallery of Art
- Smithsonian Institution:
- American Art Museum
- Anacostia Community Museum
- Arts and Industries Building
- Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum
- Freer Gallery of Art
- Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
- National Air and Space Museum
- National Museum of African American History and Culture
- National Museum of African Art
- National Museum of the American Indian
- National Museum of American History[7]
- National Museum of Natural History
- National Portrait Gallery
- National Postal Museum
- National Zoological Park
- Presidential library system
- Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum
- Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum
- Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum
- Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home
- John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum
- Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum
- Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum
- Gerald R. Ford Museum
- Jimmy Carter Library and Museum
- Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
- George H. W. Bush Presidential Library
- Clinton Presidential Center
- George W. Bush Presidential Center
- Transportation
- Mariners' Museum and Park - National Maritime Museum
- National Railroad Museum
- War Museums/Memorials
- Other
- National Museum of Wildlife Art
- National Civil Rights Museum
- National Constitution Center
- National Museum of Dentistry
- National Mining Hall of Fame and Museum
- National Building Museum
- National Quilt Museum
- National Nordic Museum
- National Law Enforcement Museum
- National Airmail Museum
- National American Museum of Visionary Art
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Vietnam
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
See also
References
- ↑ "Types Of Museums". Britannica. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
- ↑ Culture, Media and Sport - Sixth Report (Report). The Culture, Media and Sport Committee. 2007.
- ↑ Grosvenor, Bendor (25 November 2019). "Could national museums in the UK do more to be truly national?". Apollo. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
- ↑ "Inicio - Museo Histórico Nacional". mhn.gob.cl. Retrieved 2019-04-28.
- ↑ ANI (27 December 2015). "Museum Reform: Ministry of Culture starts 14-point agenda". Business Standard India – via Business Standard.
- ↑ "National Museums" (in Catalan). Government of Catalonia. Department of Culture.
- ↑ "Home | National Museum of American History". americanhistory.si.edu. Retrieved 2019-04-28.
Further reading
- Silverman, Raymond; Abungu, George; Probst, Peter (2021). National museums in Africa. Identity, history and politics. Milton: Routledge. p. 284. ISBN 978-1-000-42864-3. OCLC 1259323561.
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