Loricatosaurus
Temporal range: Middle Jurassic,
Fossils originally referred to Lexovisaurus, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: †Ornithischia
Clade: †Thyreophora
Suborder: †Stegosauria
Family: †Stegosauridae
Genus: †Loricatosaurus
Maidment et al., 2008
Type species
†Loricatosaurus priscus
Nopcsa, 1911
Synonyms

Loricatosaurus (meaning "armored lizard") is a Stegosaurid genus from Callovian-age (Middle Jurassic) rocks of England and France.[1]

Discovery and naming

The Oxford Clay Formation where Loricatosaurus remains have been found

Loricatosaurus is known from remains previously assigned to Lexovisaurus that were first discovered at the Fletton brick pit in the Oxford Clay Formation, Fletton, Peterborough, England, by Alfred Leeds during November 1901.[2] Leeds collected a semi articulated skeleton consisting of two cervical, six dorsal, and 16 caudal vertebrae, a partial right forelimb, partial left hindlimb, partial pelves, and some fragmentary dermal armor. One piece of armor was described as a parascapular spine, but it is actually a fragmentary tail spine.

In 1957, another specimen now referred to Loricatosaurus was briefly referred to Lexovisaurus until a more proper description was made in 1985 by Peter Galton. The specimen was a partial postcranial skeleton, including many vertebrae and a dorsal spine, from the Lower Callovian of Le Fresne d'Argences (Calvados), Normandy, France.

The material was later named Stegosaurus priscus (“ancient roofed lizard”) by Baron Franz Nopcsa in 1911 and Lexovisaurus by Hoffstetter, 1957 and Peter Galton, 1985. However, upon later review of the material in 2008, Susannah Maidment and colleagues determined that Lexovisaurus was based upon nondiagnostic remains, and coined a new genus for Lexovisaurus priscus and its referred specimen. The genus name Loricatosaurus derives from the Latin "loricatus" (meaning armoured) and the Greek "sauros" (meaning lizard).

It is known from only two partial skeletons. Contrary to previous reports (as Lexovisaurus), a shoulder spine is not present in the known material; the possible spine is more likely from the tail.[1]

The holotype of L. priscus was digitally scanned in January 2023 at the Natural History Museum in London.

Description

Life restoration

The holotype (NHMUK R3167) is a partial skeleton, including two cervical, six dorsal, and 16 caudal vertebrae, a right humerus and right ulna, some carpus, two metacarpals (one incomplete), a partial ilia, partial right ischium, and pubis, the left femur, partial tibia and fibula, fused tarsals, and some armour plates. This material now resides in the British Museum of Natural History's palaeontology collection. Another referred specimen (MHBR 001), from an unnamed unit referred to as the Marnes a Belemnopsis latesulcatus Formation from the lower Callovian, Middle Jurassic of Le Fresne d’Argences, Calvados, Normandy, France, includes neck, back and tail vertebrae, a left upper arm, right thigh, shin and calf, and some armour plates.[1]

Multiple phylogenetic analyses carried out by S. Maidment and O. Mateus between 2008 and 2010 place Loricatosaurus as a basal genus within the family Stegosauridae.[1][3][4]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Maidment, Susannah C.R.; Norman, David B.; Barrett, Paul M.; Upchurch, Paul (2008). "Systematics and phylogeny of Stegosauria (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 6 (4): 1. doi:10.1017/S1477201908002459. S2CID 85673680.
  2. ↑ J. W. Hulke. 1887. Note on some dinosaurian remains in the collection of A. Leeds, Esq. Part I. Ornithopsis leedsii. Part II. Omosaurus, sp. Geological Magazine, decade 3 4:375-376
  3. ↑ Octávio, Mateus; Maidment, Susannah C. R.; Nicolai A., Christiansen (22 May 2009). "A new long-necked 'sauropod-mimic' stegosaur and the evolution of the plated dinosaurs". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences. 276 (1663): 1815–1821. doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.1909. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 2674496. PMID 19324778.
  4. ↑ Susannah C. R., Maidment (7 September 2010). "Stegosauria: a historical review of the body fossil record and phylogenetic relationships". Swiss Journal of Geosciences. 103 (2): 199–210. doi:10.1007/s00015-010-0023-3. ISSN 1661-8726. S2CID 84415016.
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