Maria Berlinska
Марія Сергіївна Берлінська
Berlinska in 2018
Berlinska interviewed by Voice of America about Invisible Battalion in Washington in 2018
Born(1988-05-19)19 May 1988
Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine
NationalityUkrainian
Occupation(s)Military volunteer and women's rights advocate

Mariia Serhiivna Berlinska, or Mariya Berlinsʼka (Ukrainian: Марія Сергіївна Берлінська; born 1988) is a Ukrainian military volunteer and women's rights advocate. She was a participant in the Revolution of Dignity in February 2014 and subsequently volunteered for the war in Donbas as an aerial reconnaissance drone operator. Returning from the front, Berlinska founded a free school to train other Ukrainian military volunteers in aerial reconnaissance.

Beginning in 2015, Berlinska partnered with other female volunteer soldiers to champion women's rights and integration into the Ukrainian Armed Forces. She coordinated Invisible Battalion, a series of three reports on Ukrainian military women's recognition, reintegration, and harassment, and produced two films on women veterans in collaboration with women filmmakers, that received international attention. This work is credited for a series of laws gradually granting women equality in the Ukrainian armed forces. She is a co-founder of the Women's Veteran Movement non-governmental organization, a senior advisor for a program to reintegrate veterans into society, and recipient of multiple awards.

Early life

Maria Berlinska was born in 1988,[1] and grew up in a village near the city of Kamianets-Podilskyi, 400 kilometres (250 mi) southwest of Kyiv.[2] Her parents were teachers; her father, Sergiy, taught history and literature, and her mother taught French.[3][4]

Berlinska graduated from Kamyanets-Podilsky Ivan Ohienko National University, and went for a master's degree in history at the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, specializing in Jewish history.[1][2]

In her spare time, Berlinska played guitar, and co-organized the annual Respublica music festivals with bands such as Lyapis Trubetskoy and Skryabin, using part of the profits to pay artists to decorate houses in Kamianets-Podilskyi.[2][5] Berlinska completed her master's in 2015 after a break for the war.[6]

Activism and military service

Berlinska joined the Euromaidan protests on 22 November 2013[7] and stayed through the Ukrainian Revolution of 2014. She compiled a database of the injured in hospitals, built barricades, delivered water and self-defence leaflets.[8] When she met with gender discrimination from male protesters, she gave speeches on women's rights.[9] Her leg was injured during the protests, and years later she used a walking stick.[8][2] She was also wounded with rubber bullets and hospitalized for bilateral otitis, sinusitis, and bronchitis due to the cold weather.[5]

Military volunteer

Berlinska on Channel 9 Dnieper in 2016

In mid-2014, Berlinska sought to become involved in the war in Donbas.[1][5] She joined the Ukrainian Army's volunteer Aidar Battalion after being turned away by other volunteer units on the basis of gender.[2] With the aid of material on the internet, she trained in Kyiv as a pilot of aerial reconnaissance drones.[1][2][5] On 1 September, Berlinska left the academy and arrived in Shchastia, at the front, the next day.[1][2] Her military call sign was "Marie Curie".[10] Berlinska's father also volunteered for the war in Donbas in 2016,[8] but was initially turned down due to his age, 58, until Berlinska intervened on his behalf.[3] He served as a captain in the 24th Mechanized Brigade, and deputy brigade commander for psychological support.[3][11]

In January 2015, Berlinska founded the Ukrainian Centre for Aerial Reconnaissance (Ukrainian: Центр підтримки аеророзвідки).[12] This is a free training centre for Ukrainian volunteers, based at Kyiv-Mohyla Academy,[13][14] and run by volunteer civilian instructors, teaching soldiers how to operate drones,[15][16] topography, and meteorology in a three to four-week course with donated drones.[2][13] One of the volunteer teachers, an art director for a television channel, had originally taught Berlinska.[2] By November 2016, the school had trained about 150 soldiers.[15] One of the trainees was Yulia Tolopa, a female Russian volunteer, who assisted Berlinska with drone reconnaissance at the front in mid-2016.[2]

Berlinska unsuccessfully went to court in November 2017 to prove her participation in hostilities as a volunteer to obtain moral satisfaction and to serve as an example. The court ruled that she had proven her case, but then the Ministry of Defense appealed and won, since, despite witnesses and photo and video evidence, there were no written orders. However, after this loss, Berlinska was contacted by Ukrainian Defense Minister Stepan Poltorak, who asked for a meeting.[17] After this meeting the Ministry announced plans to increase its own funding for drones and to found its own aerial reconnaissance school in 2018.[18]

Invisible Battalion series

In 2015, Berlinska became the project coordinator for Invisible Battalion (Ukrainian: Невидимий батальйон), a report examining the participation of women in the Ukrainian armed forces. The title referred to the unknown role of women fighting for Ukraine in the war in Donbas.[19] The report, by Tamara Martsenyuk, Anna Hrytsenko, and Anna Kvit, was presented in Kyiv in December 2015,[20] and was published in English and Ukrainian by UN Women[21] and the Kyiv-Mohyla Law and Politics Journal in 2016.[22]

The report found that female soldiers were forbidden by law from holding military commands, did not have basic needs met, and, despite some women being in combat roles, were all categorized as support personnel.[20][23] As a result, female soldiers did not receive the same salaries, legal protections, compensation for injuries, post-combat trauma care, and opportunities for career advancement in the military as male personnel.[9][24] Largely because of the report, the Ministry of Defence issued Decree 337, allowing women to officially serve as snipers, intelligence officers, and commanders of military hardware,[25][26] and in 2017 opened up 62 combat positions to women.[27]

Andriana Susak-Arekhta, featured in Invisible Battalion, co-founder of the Women's Veteran Movement, in 2021

In 2017, Berlinska organized and produced a documentary film also titled Invisible Battalion, profiling six female soldiers who served in the war in Donbas without being recognized for it: Yuliia Paievska, a paramedic; Yulia Matvienko, called "Belka", a sniper, officially listed as a medical assistant; Olena Bilozerska, another sniper, never officially enlisted; Oksana Yakubova, suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); Andriana Susak, who fought to retake Schastia while wearing a balaclava to hide her gender, and was officially listed as a seamstress;[27] and Daria Zubenko, paramedic.[28][29] It was 89 minutes long, in Ukrainian and Russian with English subtitles.[19] Berlinska did not have any film production training, so again she learned from the Internet.[7] The executive producer was Oksana Ivantsiv,[30] and it was directed by Iryna Tsilyk, Svitlana Lischynska and Alina Gorlova. Each of the directors directed two of the soldiers' stories.[28] The directors worked unpaid. Lischynska directed the two stories about the snipers, which were filmed at the front.[31]

In 2018, Berlinska produced the sequel documentary No Obvious Signs (Ukrainian: Явних проявів немає; referring to the fact that psychological trauma is not as visible as physical wounds), directed by Gorlova, about Yakubova's struggles with PTSD. This film won the MDR Film Prize for Outstanding Eastern European Documentary at the 2018 Dok Leipzig film festival.[32]

In 2018 and again in 2019, Berlinska toured the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom with several of the women from the Invisible Battalion film to screen the film and promote the Invisible Battalion 2.0 study.[33][34][35][36] This led to a May 2018 confrontation between Berlinska and Susak with Russian diplomat Maxim Buyakevich at the Headquarters of the United Nations in New York City in which Berlinska asked Buyakevich, "Why are you killing our people?". The Russian Foreign Ministry characterized this interaction as the Ukrainians threatening the diplomat with death.[37][38][39]

In November 2019, Berlinska and two of the authors of the first Invisible Battalion study published Invisible Battalion 2.0: Women Veterans Returning to Peaceful Life, a follow-up study on how female veterans used Ukraine Government services to reintegrate to civilian status.[40][41][42]

In August 2020, Berlinska's Institute of Gender Programs, the NGO founded to continue the "Invisible Battalion" project, began the advocacy campaign "Invisible Battalion 3.0: Sexual Harassment In The Military Sphere In Ukraine". It was a multifaceted campaign, beginning with an anonymous survey of male and female veterans, which showed that 70% had witnessed or been the victims of sexual harassment in the military.[43] There was an online course on the Prometheus educational platform titled "Gender equality and combating sexual harassment in the military sphere" (Ukrainian: Гендерна рівність та протидія сексуальним домаганням у військовій сфері). It was developed by the Invisible Battalion authors Martsenyuk, Hrytsenko, and Kvit, and included recorded lectures from veterans including Berlinska and Bilozerska, and journalists including Yanina Sokolova, and Yuriy Butusov.[44] In November 2021, this course was taken by Police Lieutenant Colonel Konstantin Bugaychuk of the Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs (the university associated with the Ukrainian Ministry of Internal Affairs).[45] A chatbot running on the Invisible Battalion web site enabled military personnel to receive information and psychological and legal assistance about sexual harassment completely anonymously.[46] In June 2021 the campaign authors and a representative of the Armed Forces of Ukraine delivered a final report with an analysis of current legislation on sexual harassment, with recommendations for legislative changes, and a signed memorandum of cooperation from the General Staff of the Armed Forces.[47]

Women's Veteran Movement

Berlinska speaks with Voice of America about IREX support for veteran reintegration in 2021

2017 saw the beginning of what would become the Women's Veteran Movement (Ukrainian: Жіночий ветеранський рух). At first, these were informal meetings of women veterans in different cities, supported by UN Women and the European Endowment for Democracy.[48] They were inspired by Berlinska's Invisible Battalion project and film.[49] It was officially registered as an NGO in October 2019, with the three founders Berlinska, Andriana Susak-Arekhta and Kateryna Pryimak.[50][51] In addition to mutual support meetings, the NGO provides psychological rehabilitation for women veterans suffering from PTSD and substance addiction, conducts online training in business, management, and IT courses, helps with gynecological services, and has planted five "Alleys of Memory" in honor of dead women veterans in Kramatorsk, Kyiv, Lviv, Cherkasy and Zhytomyr.[48]

In September 2018, the Ukrainian parliament passed law 2523-VIII equalizing the capabilities of men and women in the military; Berlinska was a co-author.[52][53]

In 2021, Berlinska served as a senior technical advisor and program director for the IREX program to reintegrate Ukrainian veterans into civilian society.[54][55]

By 2021, over 15% of the Ukrainian armed forces were female, over twice the proportion in 2014. However, when in July 2021 the Ministry of Defense released images of women Ukrainian cadets marching in high heels, it met with widespread international criticism, and citing Berlinska; the subsequent photos had the women in combat boots.[56][57][58]

Honors

In November 2015, Berlinska was awarded the Euromaidan SOS volunteer award.[6] In December 2017, the Kyiv Post gave her its "Top 30 Under 30" award.[59] In July 2019, the Embassy of the United States, Kyiv included her in an exhibit paying tribute to 19 Ukrainian and 29 American outstanding women.[60] In 2020, she was listed among the 100 most influential women of Ukraine according to Focus magazine and the readers of its website.[61][62]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Burlakova, Valeria (20 November 2017). "Марія Берлінська: "Сектор безпеки має формуватися за принципом професіоналізму, а не за статевими ознаками"" [Maria Berlinska: "The security sector should be formed on the principle of professionalism, not gender"]. The Ukrainian Week (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Schulz, Daniel (23 October 2016). "Freiwilligeneinsatz im Ukraine-Konflikt: Maria Berlinska zieht in den Krieg". Die Tageszeitung (in German). Retrieved 8 February 2022. Translated to English as Schulz, Daniel (22 January 2018). "Voluntary service in the Ukraine conflict: Maria Berlinska goes off to war". Die Tageszeitung. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 Кутєпов, Богдан (12 January 2017). "ДРУЖИНА: 5 випадкових історій жінок в армії" [WIFE: 5 random stories of women in the army]. Hromadske television (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  4. ↑ Корженко, Світлана (17 January 2017). "Частина нашої еліти – вже у землі, частина – мають інвалідність чи лікуються у госпіталях, решта – на фронті чи у волонтерстві" [Some of our elite - already in the ground, some - have a disability or are being treated in hospitals, the rest - at the front or volunteering]. Newspaper in Ukrainian (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Gorskaya, Dariya (23 October 2014). "Студентка Киево-Могилянской академии сбежала из магистратуры на фронт". Fakty i Kommentarii (in Russian). Retrieved 4 March 2022. Translated to English as Gorskaya, Dariya (25 October 2014). "Kyiv Mohyla Academy student quits Master's Program to go to the frontline". Kyiv Mohyla Foundation of America. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  6. 1 2 "Марія Берлінська – переможниця Волонтерської премії ЄSOS-2015" [Maria Berlinska is a recipient of the ESOS-2015 Volunteer Prize]. Асоціація випускників НаУКМА - Alumni association of the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy (in Ukrainian). 3 December 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  7. 1 2 Чадюк, Марія (8 October 2018). "Марія Берлінська. "Масштабувати свободу для суспільства"" [Maria Berlinska. "Scaling freedom for society"]. Моя Могилянка (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  8. 1 2 3 Boersma, Maxine (15 December 2016). "The female frontline in Ukraine's war". i. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  9. 1 2 Khromeychuk, Olesya (14 October 2020). "On the edge of a European war, who gets to defend the state?". openDemocracy. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  10. ↑ Павленко, Наталія (29 September 2014). ""Повернули тіла 45 наших. Привезли їх у мішках, хлопці розвантажували лопатами"" [They returned the bodies of 45 of us. They were brought in bags, and unloaded with shovels]. Newspaper in Ukrainian (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 8 March 2022. Also available as "Марія Берлінська: Війна війною, а юдаїка за розкладом" [Maria Berlinska: War is war, but Judaism is on schedule]. Асоціація єврейських організацій та общин України (Ваад) (in Ukrainian). 24 October 2014. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  11. ↑ "Семінар з орієнтації на службу в Збройних Силах України". Бережанська районна державна адміністрація - Berezhany Raion state administration (in Ukrainian). 30 November 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  12. ↑ "Who We Are". Centre for Aerial Reconnaissance. Archived from the original on 13 September 2017. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  13. 1 2 Shtekel, Mykhailo (15 October 2015). "Якщо контракт не підпишуть, піду на війну "туристом" – "Алефтiн"" [If the contract is not signed, I will go to war as a "tourist" - "Aleftin"]. Радіо Свобода / Radio Liberty (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 5 March 2022.
  14. ↑ Romanyshyn, Yuliana (1 December 2017). "Mariya Berlinska: Volunteer helps military with drones, creating film about women in army". KyivPost. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  15. 1 2 Makarenko, Olena (30 November 2016). "Volunteers are creating a drone revolution for Ukraine's army". Euromaidan Press. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  16. ↑ "Woman in war. The story of Maria Berlinska, a volunteer in the Ukrainian Army". Hromadske. 12 January 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2022. Also available as "Women at War: Maria Berlinska, a civil volunteer of Ukrainian Army". Kyiv Mohyla Foundation of America. 10 February 2017. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  17. ↑ Славінська, Ірина (29 November 2017). "Чи можуть добровольці довести, що дійсно були на фронті?" [Can volunteers prove that they were really at the front?]. Громадське радіо / Hromadske radio (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  18. ↑ "У Міноборони анонсували збільшення фінансування аеророзвідки". The Ukrainian Week. 30 November 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  19. 1 2 Krushelnycky, Askold (20 November 2018). "'Invisible Battalion' documentary puts Ukraine's women soldiers in spotlight". KyivPost. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  20. 1 2 Oliinyk, Evgenia (4 December 2015). "Від "Жіночої сотні" до "Невидимого батальйону": як воюють українки". Radio Liberty (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 4 March 2022. Translated as Chraibi, Christine (10 December 2015). "Ukrainian women at war: from Women's Sotnya to Invisible Battalion". Euromaidan Press. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  21. ↑ "Invisible Battalion: Women's Participation in ATO Military Operations in Ukraine". UN Women. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  22. ↑ Martsenyuk, Tamara; Grytsenko, Ganna; Kvit, Anna (27 December 2016). "The "Invisible Battalion": Women in ATO Military Operations in Ukraine". Kyiv-Mohyla Law and Politics Journal. 2 (2): 171–187. doi:10.18523/kmlpj88192.2016-2.171-187. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  23. ↑ "Women in Ukraine's military face barriers and abuse, study says". UN Women. 14 December 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  24. ↑ Grytsenko, Ganna (20 February 2018). ""Invisible battalion": how Ukrainian women secured the right to fight on a par with men". openDemocracy. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  25. ↑ Makarenko, Olena; Shandra, Alya (26 June 2016). "Ukrainian women receive right to serve in combat positions". Euromaidan Press. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  26. ↑ Garmasch, Katja (22 August 2016). "Women soldiers in Ukraine". Eurozine. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  27. 1 2 Luxmoore, Matthew (17 February 2022). "If War With Russia Comes, Ukrainian Women Will Be on the Front Lines". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  28. 1 2 "Invisible battalion: film about war in Donbas through Ukrainian women's eyes". Ukraine Crisis Media Centre. 9 June 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  29. ↑ Olmstead, Molly (3 March 2022). "How Women Forced Ukraine to Welcome Them Into the Military". Slate. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  30. ↑ Чадюк, Марія (19 February 2018). "Оксана Іванців. "Остудимо голови, запалимо серця"" [Oksana Ivantsiv. "We cool our heads, but fire our hearts"]. Моя Могилянка (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  31. ↑ БАХАРЕВА, Таисия (19 October 2017). "Светлана Лищинская: "Снайперши не произносят слово "стрелять". Для них это "отработка по цели"" [Svetlana Lishinska: 'Snipers don't say "shoot". For them it is "target training"]. Fakty i Kommentarii (in Russian). Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  32. ↑ Petković, Vladan (7 November 2018). "Review: No Obvious Signs". Cineuropa. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  33. ↑ ""Невидимий батальйон". Інтерв'ю з продюсером фільму" ["Invisible Battalion". Interview with the producer of the film]. Voice of America (in Ukrainian). 3 May 2018. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  34. ↑ "INVISIBLE BATTALION UK Tour – 7-15 November 2018 – London – Cardiff – Edinburgh – Oxford – Cambridge". british-ukrainianaid.org. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  35. ↑ MacKay, Michael (1 May 2018). "INVISIBLE BATTALION: THE STORIES OF OUR WOMEN AT WAR". Radio Lemberg. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  36. ↑ Van Metre, Lauren; Steiner, Steven (21 October 2019). "Invisible in an invisible war". Atlantic Council. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  37. ↑ "Russian diplomat presents evidence of Ukraine's lies about UN fake news discussion". TASS. 12 May 2018. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  38. ↑ Kumka, Antonina; Shandra, Alya (17 May 2018). "Ukrainian female veteran asks Russian diplomat: "Why are you killing our people?" Then this happens". Euromaidan Press. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  39. ↑ Ворожко, Тетяна (10 May 2018). "Чому ви вбиваєте наших людей? - українські жінки-військові різко поспілкувались з представником Росії в ООН". Voice of America (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  40. ↑ "Invisible Battalion 2.0: Women Veterans Returning to Peaceful Life". UN Women – Europe and Central Asia. November 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  41. ↑ "About us". Invisible Battalion. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  42. ↑ Vlasova, Anastasia (22 January 2016). "Women protest army restrictions on holding leading positions". KyivPost. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  43. ↑ "В Україні стартувала кампанія "Невидимий Батальйон 3.0" з дослідження сексуальних домагань у військовій сфері" [Invisible Battalion 3.0 Campaign to Study Sexual Harassment in the Military Sphere Launched in Ukraine]. 50vidsotkiv.org.ua (in Ukrainian). 5 October 2020.
  44. ↑ "В Україні створили перший освітній курс протидії сексуальним домаганням" [An educational course on combating harassment in the military has been set up in Ukraine]. 50vidsotkiv.org.ua (in Ukrainian). 11 May 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  45. ↑ "Онлайн-курс "Гендерна рівність та протидія сексуальним домаганням у військовій сфері"". univd.edu.ua (in Ukrainian). Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs. 10 November 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  46. ↑ Панчишин, Віталій (15 December 2021). "В Україні запрацював чат-бот для протидії сексуальному насильству у війську". armyinform.com.ua (in Ukrainian). Ministry of Defence of Ukraine. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  47. ↑ Гуцол, Анна. "Результати по проєкту "Невидимий батальйон 3.0. Сексуальні домагання у військовій сфері в Україні" .: Ресурсний центр ГУРТ" [Results of the project "Invisible Battalion 3.0. Sexual harassment in the military sphere in Ukraine"]. gurt.org.ua (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  48. 1 2 Іванець, Оксана (28 April 2021). "Що таке "Жіночий ветеранський рух"" [What is the "Women's Veteran Movement"]. armyinform.com.ua (in Ukrainian). Ministry of Defence of Ukraine. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  49. ↑ Максименко, Олена (12 December 2018). "Дуже сильні. Як в Україні зароджується жіночий ветеранський рух" [Very strong. How the women's veteran movement is emerging in Ukraine]. Лівий Берег (Left Bank) (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  50. ↑ "Дівчата-ветеранки: Ми прагнемо виховувати нове покоління та задати вектор змін в Україні, за який боремося на війні" [Veteran girls: We strive to educate the new generation and set the vector of change in Ukraine that we are fighting for in the war]. www.armyfm.com.ua. АРМІЯ FM - Army Radio. 25 October 2018. Retrieved 14 March 2022. Also available as "Дівчата-ветеранки: "ми прагнемо виховувати нове покоління та задати вектор змін в Україні, за який боремося на війні"" [Veteran girls: "We strive to educate the new generation and set the vector of change in Ukraine that we are fighting for in the war"]. Ukrainian Ministry of Defence. 30 October 2018. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  51. ↑ "ГО "ЖВР" — 43319371 — Опендатабот". opendatabot.ua (in Ukrainian). 30 October 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  52. ↑ "Парламент урівняв можливості жінок і чоловіків у армії" [Parliament equalizes the capabilities of women and men in the military]. Radio Liberty (in Ukrainian). 6 September 2018. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  53. ↑ Matviyishyn, Iryna (10 March 2021). "A Two-Front Battle: How Ukrainian Military Women Are Fighting For Equality". UkraineWorld. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  54. ↑ Соломко, Ірина (23 March 2021). "Як IREX Україна допомагає українським ветеранам з реінтеграцією. Інтерв'ю з Марією Берлінською. Відео". Voice of America (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 20 March 2022.
  55. ↑ "The Ministry of Veterans Affairs of Ukraine announces the accreditation of journalists for the IV International Veterans and Volunteer Forum". Ministry for Veterans Affairs (Ukraine). 18 August 2021. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
  56. ↑ Peltier, Elian; Varenikova, Maria (3 July 2021). "'Why?' Ukrainian Army Faces Criticism for Making Women March in Heels". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  57. ↑ Miller, Michael E. (5 July 2021). "Ukraine's military starts walking back plan for women to parade in pumps after backlash". Washington Post. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  58. ↑ "Ukraine plans for high-heel parade spark outrage". BBC News. 3 July 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  59. ↑ Istomina, Toma (5 December 2017). "Top 30 Under 30: Kyiv Post awards young Ukrainian leaders - KyivPost - Ukraine's Global Voice". KyivPost. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  60. ↑ Embassy of the United States, Kyiv (5 July 2019). "US pays tribute to outstanding Ukrainian and American women". KyivPost. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  61. ↑ "#74 Мария Берлинская в рейтинге "Самые влиятельные женщины Украины по версии читателей сайта Фокус"" [#74 Maria Berlinskaya in the ranking of "The most influential women of Ukraine according to the readers of the Focus website"]. ФОКУС (in Russian). 7 October 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  62. ↑ Газубей, Алексей (18 October 2020). "#58 Мария Берлинская в рейтинге "самых влиятельных женщин Украины по версии журнала Фокус"" [#58 Maria Berlinskaya in the ranking of "the most influential women in Ukraine according to Focus magazine"]. ФОКУС / Focus (in Russian). Retrieved 4 March 2022.
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