Monacha
Two live individuals of Monacha cartusiana on a human hand
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Stylommatophora
Infraorder: Helicoidei
Superfamily: Helicoidea
Family: Hygromiidae
Genus: Monacha
Fitzinger, 1833[1]
Type species
Helix cartusiana O. F. Müller, 1774
Synonyms[2]
  • Boemica Schileyko, 1978
  • Carthusiana Kobelt, 1871
  • Carthusianana Fagot, 1893
  • Cemeneleana Caziot, 1908
  • Eutheba H. Nordsieck, 1993
  • Helix (Carthusiana) Kobelt, 1871
  • Helix (Monacha) Fitzinger, 1833
  • Helix (Zenobia) Gray, 1821 (subjective senior synonym of Monacha Fitzinger, 1833)
  • Monacha (Aegaeotheba) Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017· accepted, alternate representation
  • Monacha (Eutheba) H. Nordsieck, 1993 (original rank)
  • Monacha (Metatheba) P. Hesse, 1914· accepted, alternate representation
  • Monacha (Monacha) Fitzinger, 1833· accepted, alternate representation
  • Monacha (Paratheba) P. Hesse, 1914· accepted, alternate representation
  • Monacha (Pontotheba) Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017· accepted, alternate representation
  • Monacha (Rhytidotheba) Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017· accepted, alternate representation
  • Monacha (Szentgalya) L. Pintér, 1977
  • Monacha (Trichotheba) Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017· accepted, alternate representation
  • Olivieriana Bourguignat, 1860
  • Orsiniana Caziot, 1910
  • Paratheba P. Hesse, 1914 (unaccepted rank)
  • Rhytidotheba Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017 (unaccepted rank)
  • Zenobia Gray, 1821 (subjective senior synonym of Monacha Fitzinger, 1833; considered a nomen oblitum)

Monacha is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Trochulininae Lindholm, 1927 of the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies.[2]

Distribution

The distribution of the genus Monacha includes western Europe, Central Europe, Mediterranean, Asia minor and Turkey (more than 50 species of Monacha),[3] Georgia, Russia, Arabia, Iran, Azerbaijan (1 species).[4] It is not in Armenia.[4]

The greatest diversity of species is in the Pontic region.[4]

Species

Species within the genus Monacha include:[4]

  • Monacha albocincta (P. Hesse, 1912)
  • Monacha aniliensis P. L. Reischütz & Sattmann, 1990
  • Monacha ascania (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha atacis E. Gittenberger & de Winter, 1985
  • Monacha auturica Falkner, 2000
  • Monacha badia (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha bithynica (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha cantiana (Montagu, 1803)
  • Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat, 1855)
  • Monacha carinata (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha cartusiana (Müller, 1774) - type species
  • Monacha cemenelea (Risso, 1826)
  • Monacha ciscaucasica (Hausdorf, 2000)[4]
  • Monacha claussi (Hausdorf, 2000)[4]
  • Monacha claustralis (Menke, 1828)
  • Monacha comata (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha compingtae (Pallary, 1929)
  • Monacha consona (Rossmässler, 1839)
  • Monacha crenophila (L. Pfeiffer, 1857)
  • Monacha cretica Hausdorf, 2003
  • Monacha crispulata (Mousson, 1861)
  • Monacha densecostulata (Retowski, 1886)
  • Monacha depressior (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha devrekensis (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha dirphica (E. von Martens, 1876)
  • Monacha dofleini (P. Hesse, 1928)
  • Monacha elatior (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha eliae (Nägele, 1906)
  • Monacha emigrata (Westerlund, 1894)
  • Monacha euboeica (Kobelt, 1877)
  • Monacha frequens (Mousson, 1859)
  • Monacha fruticola (Krynicki, 1833)[5]
  • Monacha galatica (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha gemina (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha georgievi (Pall-Gergely, 2010)[6]
  • Monacha glareosa (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha gregaria (Rossmässler, 1839)
  • Monacha hamsikoeyensis (Hudec, 1973)
  • Monacha haussknechti (O. Boettger, 1886)
  • Monacha hemitricha (P. Hesse, 1914)
  • Monacha heteromorpha (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha ignorata (O. Boettger, 1905)
  • Monacha kuznetsovi (Hausdorf, 2000)[4]
  • Monacha lamalouensis (Reynès, 1870)
  • Monacha laxa (Hudec, 1973)
  • Monacha leucozona (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha liebegottae (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha maasseni Hausdorf, 2003
  • Monacha magna (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha margarita (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha martensiana (Tiberi, 1869)
  • Monacha melitensis (P. Hesse, 1915)
  • Monacha menkhorsti (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha merssinae (Mousson, 1874)
  • Monacha microtricha S. H. F. Jaeckel, 1954
  • Monacha nordsiecki (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha obstructa (L. Pfeiffer, 1842)
  • Monacha ocellata (Roth, 1839)
  • Monacha oecali Hausdorf & Páll-Gergely, 2009[7]
  • Monacha orsini (Porro, 1841)
  • Monacha oshanovae I. Pintér & L. Pintér, 1970
  • Monacha ovularis (Bourguignat, 1855)
  • Monacha pamphylica (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha pantanellii (De Stefani, 1879)
  • Monacha parumcincta (Menke, 1828)
  • Monacha perfrequens (Hesse, 1914)
  • Monacha pharmacia (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha phazimonitica (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha pseudorothii Hausdorf, 2003
  • Monacha pusilla (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha riedeli (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha rizzae (Aradas, 1844)
  • Monacha roseni (Hesse, 1914)
  • Monacha rothii (L. Pfeiffer, 1841)
  • Monacha samsunensis (L. Pfeiffer, 1868)
  • Monacha saninensis (Pallary, 1939)
  • Monacha sedissana (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha solidior (Mousson, 1863)
  • Monacha spiroxia spiroxia (Bourguignat, 1868)
  • Monacha spiroxia atik (Schutt, 2001)
  • Monacha stipulifera (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha subaii (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha subcarthusiana (Lindholm, 1913)
  • Monacha syriaca (Ehrenberg, 1831)
  • Monacha terebrata (Hausdorf, 2000)
  • Monacha tibarenica Neiber & Hausdorf, 2017
  • Monacha venusta (L. Pinter, 1968)

The species Ashfordiana granulata (Alder, 1830) is often also grouped under the genus Monacha.

Taxon inquirendum
  • Monacha talischana (E. von Martens, 1880)
Synonyms
  • Monacha beieri Klemm, 1962: synonym of Monacha haussknechti (O. Boettger, 1886) (junior synonym)
  • Monacha fallax A. J. Wagner, 1914: synonym of Monachoides fallax (A. J. Wagner, 1914) (original combination)
  • Monacha ruffoi Giusti, 1973: synonym of Monacha pantanellii (De Stefani, 1879) (junior synonym)
  • Monacha tschegemica Schileyko, 1988: synonym of Paratheba roseni (Hesse, 1914): synonym of Monacha roseni (Hesse, 1914) (junior synonym)

References

  1. ↑ Fitzinger L. I. (1833). "Systematisches Verzeichniß der im Erzherzogthume Oesterreich vorkommenden Weichthiere, als Prodrom einer Fauna derselben". Beiträge zur Landeskunde Oesterreich's unter der Enns 3: 88-122. Wien.
  2. 1 2 MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Monacha Fitzinger, 1833. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=426406 on 2021-08-12
  3. ↑ Hausdorf B. (2000). "The genus Monacha in Turkey (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Hygromiidae)". Arch. Molluskenk. 128: 61-151.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hausdorf B. (2000). "The genus Monacha in the Western Caucasus (Gastropoda: Hygromiidae)". Journal of Natural History 34(8): 1575-1594. PDF Archived 2009-03-06 at the Wayback Machine. doi:10.1080/00222930050117495.
  5. ↑ "Monacha fruticola (Krynicki, 1833)". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  6. ↑ Páll-Gergely B. (2010). "New and little known land snails from Turkey (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)". Zoology in the Middle East 50: 89-94. Heidelberg. abstract.
  7. ↑ Hausdorf & Páll-Gergely B. (2009). "Monacha oecali new species from southern Turkey (Gastropoda:Hygromiidae) ". Journal of Conchology 40(1): 15-18. abstract.
  • Pintér, L. (1977). Studien an Monacha (Gastropoda: Helicidae), I. Über die subgenerische Zugehörigkeit von Monacha gregaria (Rossmässler). Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 108: 53–55.
  • Nordsieck, H. (1993). Das System der paläarktischen Hygromiidae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Helicoidea). Archiv für Molluskenkunde, 122 (Zilch-Festschrift): 1-23. Frankfurt am Main
  • Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16, 2017
  • Holyoak, D. T. & Holyoak, G. A. (2018). A new genus Zenobiellina for Helix subrufescens Miller, 1822 (Hygromiidae), with description of a new congeneric species from northern Spain. Iberus. 36 (2): 133–147.
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