The "monster of Aramberri" is the name that was given to the fossil remains of a huge marine reptile, a giant carnivore belonging to the Pliosauroidea clade that was found in sediments of the La Caja Formation in Aramberri, Nuevo León, Mexico by a student of the Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra of the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León while conducting geological mapping in 1985.[1]

Size and ontogenetic stage

It was originally estimated that the remains belonged to a young individual which was more or less 15 m (49 ft) in length (both claims are questionable[2]), claims of the specimen being 18 m (59 ft) long were created by media.[3] It was initially falsely identified as Liopleurodon ferox.[4] French and German paleontologists classified it as a giant pliosaur, which lived around 140 million years ago in shallow waters of the area, in what is now Aramberri, Mexico.[1]

The specimen is not properly named and described yet though the first assumptions of it being a juvenile individual have been outdated and that it is apparently not related to Liopleurodon ferox. It remains possibly one of the largest pliosaur known, and perhaps the largest,[3] even though recent size estimates that compare the cervical vertebrae of the Aramberri pliosaur with those of Kronosaurus (possibly a close relative[5]) yield smaller estimates, i.e. a mean length of 11.7 metres (38 ft) and a mean body mass of nearly 15 metric tons (17 short tons).[2] In 2021, Spindler and Mattes proposed an even smaller length estimate of 10–11 metres (33–36 ft).[6]

History

The director of excavation was José Guadalupe López-Oliva from the Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra de la UANL. Other specialists involved were Wolfgang Stinnesbeck from the Faculty of Geosciences of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, and Eberhard Frey and Marie-Céline Buchy of the State Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe, Germany.[7]

In 2001, the site was evaluated and dispersed remains were recovered. The stratum which contains pliosaur remains was identified. In 2002, a specific excavation began, supported by local people, to cleanse the sediment which contains bone remains of different sizes. Some remains were sent to the Museum of Natural History of Karlsruhe.

On January 3, 2003, remains of the Monster of Aramberri arrived in Karlsruhe, boxed in 14 huge containers. The Museum of Natural History of the city of Karlsruhe was the place assigned for its reconstruction. The bones would be prepared by the specialists of the Museum in order to copy them. Copies would stay at the Museum, while originals would return to Mexico.

As the Museum of Natural History of Karlsruhe could not accept any more remains because it was at its maximum capacity, new remains were sent to the Museo del Desierto in Saltillo, Coahuila, also in Mexico, where they specialise in marine reptiles, Dra. Marie Buchy, is still studying them. Nowadays, part of the fossil is on display at Museo de Historia Mexicana, in a temporary exposition called "Fósiles Marinos de Nuevo Léon, antes mar, ahora montañas".[8]

In November 2012, after 27 years from its discovery spent on expositions and research, the "Monster of Aramberri" remains were transferred to Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra from UANL located at Linares, Nuevo León, México.[9]

References

  1. 1 2 Buchy, Frey & al, 2003, First occurrence of a gigantic pliosaurid plesiosaur in the late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of Mexico Archived 2011-01-10 at the Wayback Machine, Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, t. 174, n°3, pp. 271-278
  2. 1 2 McHenry, Colin Richard (2009). "Devourer of Gods: the palaeoecology of the Cretaceous pliosaur Kronosaurus queenslandicus" (PDF): 1–460. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. 1 2 Mine’s bigger than yours! The Monster of Aramberri, Predator X, and other monster pliosaurs in the media at Plesiosaur Bites plesiosaria.com
  4. ↑ "El "monstruo of Aramberri"". BBC Mundo CIENCIA, Martes, 31 de diciembre del 2002. 7 June 2007.
  5. ↑ Eberhard Frey and Wolfgang Stinnesbeck Plesiosaurs, Reptiles between Grace and Awe In: Héctor E. Rivera-Sylva, Kenneth Carpenter, Eberhard Frey (2014) Dinosaurs and Other Reptiles from the Mesozoic of Mexico, Indiana University Press, p.88
  6. ↑ Spindler, F.; Mattes, M. (2021). "Einsame Spitze – Fakten und Spekulation über das Solnhofener Gipfelraubtier". Archaeopteryx. 37: 56–68.
  7. ↑ "El Monstruo de Aramberri: una recapitulación". Redesgeo.org, Red de Estudiantes de Geociencias. 7 June 2007. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007.
  8. ↑ "Fosiles Marinos de Nuevo Léon". Museo de Historia Mexicana. 7 June 2007.
  9. ↑ "El 'Monstruo de Aramberri' regresa a casa". Milenio. Retrieved 22 November 2012.
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