Donald Bradman wearing a black shirt and a dark cap
Donald Bradman, holder of several Test batting records including highest batting average
Sachin Tendulkar is the leading run-scorer and century maker in Test cricket
Muttiah Muralitharan is the highest wicket-taker in Test cricket
George Lohmann is the holder of best bowling average in Test cricket

Test cricket is played between international cricket teams who are Full Members of the International Cricket Council (ICC).[1] Unlike One Day Internationals, Test matches consist of two innings per team, with no limit in the number of overs.[2] Test cricket is first-class cricket, so statistics and records set in Test matches are also counted toward first-class records. The duration of Tests, currently limited to five days, has varied through Test history, ranging from three days to timeless matches.[3][4] The earliest match now recognised as a Test was played between England and Australia in March 1877;[5] since then there have been over 2,000 Tests played by 13 teams. The frequency of Tests has steadily increased partly because of the increase in the number of Test-playing countries, and partly as cricket boards seek to maximise their revenue.[6]

Cricket is, by its nature, capable of generating large numbers of records and statistics.[7] This list details the most significant team and individual records in Test cricket.

As of February 2023, the most successful team in Test cricket, in terms of both wins and win percentage, is Australia, having won 404 of their 851 Tests (47.47%). Excluding teams who have only played a small number of Tests, the least successful team are Bangladesh.

Australian Donald Bradman, widely considered the greatest batsman of all time,[8][9] holds several personal and partnership records. He scored the most runs in a series, has the most double centuries and was a part of the record 5th wicket partnership. His most significant record is his batting average of 99.94. One of cricket's most famous statistics,[10][11] it still stands almost 40 runs higher than any other batsman's career average. Don Bradman is the only player in the world to have scored 5000 runs against a single opposition: 5028 runs against England.[12]

In the Manchester Test of 1956, England spin bowler Jim Laker took 19 wickets for 90 runs (19–90) which set not only the Test record for best match figures but also the first-class one.[13] In taking 10–53 in the second innings he became the first bowler to capture ten wickets in a Test match innings, and his analysis remains the best innings figures. Indian leg spinner Anil Kumble was the second bowler to take 10 wickets in an innings, claiming 10–74 against Pakistan in 1999.[14] In December 2021, New Zealand spinner, Ajaz Patel became the third bowler to take 10 wickets in an innings.[15] West Indies batsman Brian Lara has the highest individual score in Test cricket: he scored 400 not out against England in 2004 to surpass the innings of 380 by Matthew Hayden six months earlier. Lara had held the record before Hayden, with a score of 375 against England 10 years earlier.[16] Pakistan's Misbah-ul-Haq holds the record of the fastest Test half century, scoring 50 runs from 21 balls. The record for the fastest Test century is held by New Zealand's Brendon McCullum, who scored 100 runs from 54 balls in his final Test match.

The trend of countries playing more Test matches in the modern era means that the aggregate lists are dominated by modern players. Sri Lankan spinner Muttiah Muralitharan became the highest Test wicket-taker in December 2007, when he passed Shane Warne's total of 708 wickets.[17] Within a year, the equivalent batting record of highest run-scorer had also changed hands: Sachin Tendulkar surpassed the tally of 11,953 runs by Brian Lara.[18] The record for most dismissals by a wicket-keeper is held by Mark Boucher of South Africa[19] while the record for most catches by a fielder is held by Rahul Dravid.[20]

Listing criteria

In general the top five are listed in each category (except when there is a tie for the last place among the five, when all the tied record holders are noted).

Listing notation

Team notation
  • (300–3) indicates that a team scored 300 runs for three wickets and the innings was closed, either due to a successful run chase or if no playing time remained
  • (300–3 d) indicates that a team scored 300 runs for three wickets, and declared its innings closed
  • (300) indicates that a team scored 300 runs and was all out
Batting notation
  • (100) indicates that a batsman scored 100 runs and was out
  • (100*) indicates that a batsman scored 100 runs and was not out
Bowling notation
  • (5–100) indicates that a bowler has captured 5 wickets while conceding 100 runs
Currently playing
  • † indicates a current Test cricketer
Seasons
  • Domestic cricket seasons in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Zimbabwe and the West Indies may span two calendar years, and are by convention said to be played in (e.g.) "2008–09". A cricket season in England is described as a single year. e.g. "2009". An international Test series may be for a much shorter duration, and Cricinfo treats this issue by stating "any series or matches which began between May and September of any given year will appear in the relevant single year season and any that began between October and April will appear in the relevant cross-year season".[21] In the record tables, a two-year span generally indicates that the record was set within a domestic season in one of the above named countries.

Team records

Team wins, losses and draws

Team First Test match Matches Won Lost Tied Drawn  % Won
 Afghanistan14 June 20187340042.85
 Australia15 March 1877862411231221847.67
 Bangladesh10 November 20001401910301813.57
 England15 March 18771,066391320035536.67
 India25 June 1932574174177122230.31
 Ireland11 May 2018707000.00
 New Zealand10 January 1930466113183017024.24
 Pakistan16 October 1952456148142016632.45
 South Africa12 March 1889462178159012538.52
 Sri Lanka17 February 198231310012109231.94
 West Indies23 June 1928573182209118131.76
 Zimbabwe18 October 1992117137502911.11
ICC World XI14 October 2005101000.00

Last updated: 6 January 2024[22]

Result records

Greatest win margins (by innings)

Margin Teams Venue Season
Innings and 579 runs  England (903–7 d) beat  Australia (201 & 123)The Oval, London1938
Innings and 360 runs  Australia (652–7 d) beat  South Africa (159 & 133)New Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg2001–02
Innings and 336 runs  West Indies (614–5 d) beat  India (124 & 154)Eden Gardens, Kolkata1958–59
Innings and 332 runs  Australia (645) beat  England (141 & 172)Brisbane Cricket Ground1946–47
Innings and 324 runs  Pakistan (643) beat  New Zealand (73 & 246)Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore2002

Last updated: 18 December 2019[23]

Greatest win margin (by runs)

Margin Teams Venue Season
675 runs  England (521 & 342–8 d) beat  Australia (122 & 66)Brisbane Exhibition Ground1928–29
562 runs  Australia (701 & 327) beat  England (321 & 145)The Oval, London1934
546 runs  Bangladesh (382 & 425-4 d) beat  Afghanistan (146 & 115)Sher-e-Bangla National Cricket Stadium, Mirpur, Dhaka2023
530 runs  Australia (328 & 578) beat  South Africa (205 & 171)Melbourne Cricket Ground1910–11
492 runs  South Africa (488 & 344–6 d) beat  Australia (221 & 119)Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg2018

Last updated: 3 April 2018[24]

Matches that finished with scores level

Result Teams Venue Season
Tie  Australia (505 & 232) vs  West Indies (453 & 284)The Gabba1960–61
Tie  India (397 & 347) vs  Australia (574–7 d & 170–5 d)MA Chidambaram Stadium, Madras1986–87
Draw  Zimbabwe (376 & 234) vs  England (406 & 204–5)Queens Sports Club, Bulawayo1996–97
Draw  India (482 & 242–9) vs  West Indies (590 & 134)Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai2011–12

Last updated: 8 January 2021[25][26][27]

Narrowest win margin (by wickets)

Margin Teams Venue Season
1 wicket  England (183 & 263–9) beat  Australia (324 & 121)The Oval, London1902
 South Africa (91 & 287–9) beat  England (184 & 190)Old Wanderers, Johannesburg1905–06
 England (382 & 282–9) beat  Australia (266 & 397)Melbourne Cricket Ground1907–08
 England (183 & 173–9) beat  South Africa (113 & 242)Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town1922–23
 Australia (216 & 260–9) beat  West Indies (272 & 203)Melbourne Cricket Ground1951–52
 New Zealand (249 & 104–9) beat  West Indies (140 & 212)Carisbrook, Dunedin1979–80
 Pakistan (256 & 315–9) beat  Australia (337 & 232)National Stadium, Karachi1994–95
 West Indies (329 & 311–9) beat  Australia (490 & 146)Kensington Oval, Bridgetown1998–99
 West Indies (273 & 216–9) beat  Pakistan (269 & 219)Antigua Recreation Ground, St. John's1999–00
 Pakistan (175 & 262–9) beat  Bangladesh (281 & 154)Ibn-e-Qasim Bagh Stadium, Multan2003
 Sri Lanka (321 & 352–9) beat  South Africa (361 & 311)Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu Stadium, Colombo2006
 India (405 & 216–9) beat  Australia (428 & 192)Punjab Cricket Association Stadium, Mohali2010–11
 Sri Lanka (191 & 304–9) beat  South Africa (235 & 259)Kingsmead Cricket Ground, Durban2018–19
 England (67 & 362–9) beat  Australia (179 & 246)Headingley, Leeds2019
 West Indies (253 & 168–9) beat  Pakistan (217 & 203)Sabina Park, Kingston2021

Last updated: 15 August 2021[28]

Narrowest win margin (by runs)

Margin Teams Venue Season
1 run  West Indies (252 & 146) beat  Australia (213 & 184)Adelaide Oval1992–93
 New Zealand (209 & 483) beat  England (435 & 256) Basin Reserve, Wellington 2022–23
2 runs  England (407 & 182) beat  Australia (308 & 279)Edgbaston, Birmingham2005
3 runs  Australia (299 & 86) beat  England (262 & 120)Old Trafford, Manchester1902
 England (284 & 294) beat  Australia (287 & 288)Melbourne Cricket Ground1982–83

Last updated: 28 February 2023[29]

Victory after following-on

Margin Teams Venue Season
1 run  New Zealand (209 & 483) beat  England (435 & 256) Basin Reserve, Wellington 2022–23
10 runs  England (325 & 437) beat  Australia (586 & 166)Sydney Cricket Ground1894–95
18 runs  England (174 & 356) beat  Australia (401–9 d & 111)Headingley, Leeds1981
171 runs  India (171 & 657–7 d) beat  Australia (445 & 212)Eden Gardens, Kolkata2000–01

Last updated: 28 February 2023[30]

Most consecutive wins

Wins Team First win Last win
16  Australia Zimbabwe at Harare, 14 October 1999 India at Mumbai, 27 February 2001
 South Africa at Melbourne, 26 December 2005 India at Sydney, 2 January 2008
11  West Indies Australia at Bridgetown, 30 March 1984 Australia at Adelaide, 7 December 1984
9  Sri Lanka India at Colombo, 29 August 2001 Pakistan at Lahore, 6 March 2002
 South Africa Australia at Durban, 15 March 2002 Bangladesh at Dhaka, 1 May 2003

Last updated: 15 June 2016[31]

Team scoring records

Most runs in an innings

Score Teams Venue Season
952–6 d  Sri Lanka (v  India)Ranasinghe Premadasa Stadium, Colombo1997
903–7 d  England (v  Australia)The Oval, London1938
849  England (v  West Indies)Sabina Park, Kingston1929–30
790–3 d  West Indies (v  Pakistan)Sabina Park, Kingston1957–58
765–6 d  Pakistan (v  Sri Lanka)National Stadium, Karachi2008–09

Last updated: 14 September 2017[32]

Fewest runs in a completed innings

Runs Teams Venue Date
26  New Zealand (v  England)Eden Park, Auckland25 March 1955
30  South Africa (v  England)St George's Park, Port Elizabeth13 February 1896
 South Africa (v  England)Edgbaston, Birmingham14 June 1924
35  South Africa (v  England)Newlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town1 April 1899
36  South Africa (v  Australia)Melbourne Cricket Ground12 February 1932
 Australia (v  England)Edgbaston, Birmingham29 May 1902
 India (v  Australia)Adelaide Oval, Adelaide17 December 2020

Last updated: 19 December 2020[33]

Highest fourth-innings totals to win

Score Teams Venue Season
418–7  West Indies (v  Australia)Antigua Recreation Ground, St. John's2002–03
414–4  South Africa (v  Australia)WACA Ground, Perth2008–09
406–4  India (v  West Indies)Queen's Park Oval, Port of Spain1975–76
404–3  Australia (v  England)Headingley, Leeds1948
395–7  West Indies (v  Bangladesh)Zohur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium, Chittagong2020–21

Last updated: 16 August 2023[34]

Aggregate scoring records

Highest match aggregate

Score Teams Venue Season
1981–35  South Africa (530 & 481) v  England (316 & 654–5)Kingsmead, Durban1938–39
1815–34  West Indies (849 & 272–9 d) v  England (286 & 408–5)Sabina Park, Kingston1929–30
1768–37  Pakistan (579 & 268) v  England (657 & 264–7 d)Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium2022–23
1764–39  Australia (533 & 339–9) v  West Indies (276 & 616)Adelaide Oval1968–69
1753–40  Australia (354 & 582) v  England (447 & 370)Adelaide Oval1920–21
Last updated: 29 December 2022[35]

Individual records

Individual records (batting)

Career runs

Most career runs

Runs Innings Player Period
15,921 329India Sachin Tendulkar1989–2013
13,378 287Australia Ricky Ponting1995–2012
13,289 280South Africa Jacques Kallis1995–2013
13,288 286India Rahul Dravid1996–2012
12,472 291England Alastair Cook2006–2018

Last updated: 11 September 2018[36]

Most career runs – progression of record

Runs Player Record held until Duration of record No of test record held
239 Australia Charles Bannerman4 January 18824 years, 295 days4
676 England George Ulyett[lower-alpha 1]13 August 18842 years, 222 days11
860 Australia Billy Murdoch[lower-alpha 2]14 August 18862 years, 1 day8
1,277 England Arthur Shrewsbury23 January 190215 years, 162 days43
1,293 Australia Joe Darling[lower-alpha 3]18 February 190226 days1
1,366 Australia Syd Gregory[lower-alpha 4]14 June 1902116 days3
1,531 England Archie MacLaren[lower-alpha 5]13 August 190260 days3
3,412 Australia Clem Hill27 December 192422 years, 136 days84
5,410 England Jack Hobbs29 June 193712 years, 184 days102
7,249 England Wally Hammond27 November 197033 years, 151 days414
7,459 England Colin Cowdrey[lower-alpha 6]23 March 19721 year, 117 days21
8,032 Cricket West Indies Garfield Sobers23 December 19819 years, 275 days219
8,114 England Geoffrey Boycott12 November 19831 year, 324 days53
10,122 India Sunil Gavaskar25 February 19939 years, 105 days248
11,174 Australia Allan Border25 November 200512 years, 273 days558
11,953 Cricket West Indies Brian Lara17 October 20082 years, 327 days116
15,921 India Sachin Tendulkarcurrent15 years, 84 days
Last updated: 15 June 2016[37]
  1. ↑ Ulyett finished his career with 949 runs.
  2. ↑ Murdoch finished his career with 908 runs.
  3. ↑ Darling finished his career with 1,657 runs.
  4. ↑ Gregory finished his career with 2,282 runs.
  5. ↑ MacLaren finished his career with 1,931 runs.
  6. ↑ Cowdrey finished his career with 7,624 runs.

Most runs at each batting position

Batting position Player Runs Average at the position
Opener England Alastair Cook11,84544.87
Number 3 Sri Lanka Kumar Sangakkara11,67960.83
Number 4 India Sachin Tendulkar13,49254.40
Number 5 Cricket West Indies Shivnarine Chanderpaul6,88356.42
Number 6 England Ben Stokes †3,59037.01
Number 7 Australia Adam Gilchrist3,94846.45
Number 8 New Zealand Daniel Vettori2,22739.77
Number 9 England Stuart Broad1,38919.84
Number 10 England Stuart Broad82512.69
Number 11 England James Anderson †6808.00

Last updated: 16 August 2023 [38]

Highest career batting average

Average Innings Player Period
99.94 80Australia Donald Bradman1928–1948
62.15 20England Harry Brook †2022–2023
61.87 31Australia Adam Voges2015–2016
60.97 41South Africa Graeme Pollock1963–1970
60.83 40Cricket West Indies George Headley1930–1954
Last updated: 19 February 2023[39]
Qualification: At least 20 innings.

Note: If the qualification is removed, the record Test batting average is Australian Kurtis Patterson's 144.00; Patterson made scores of 30 and 114 not out in his only two Test innings.[40] A very few one-Test wonders have never been dismissed, leaving them without a defined Test batting average. Notable players who played only a single Test innings without a dismissal are Stuart Law (54*, innings declared) and Andy Lloyd (10*, retired hurt).[41][42]

Series

Most runs in a series
Runs Player Series
974 (7 innings) Australia Don Bradmanv  England, 1930
905 (9 innings) England Wally Hammondv  Australia, 1928–29
839 (11 innings) Australia Mark Taylorv  England, 1989
834 (9 innings) Australia Neil Harveyv  South Africa, 1952–53
829 (7 innings) Cricket West Indies Viv Richardsv  England, 1976

Last updated: 15 June 2016[43]

Innings

Brian Lara was the first to score 400 in International Cricket
Highest individual score
Score Player Opponent Venue Season
400* Cricket West Indies Brian Lara EnglandAntigua Recreation Ground, St. John's2003–04
380 Australia Matthew Hayden ZimbabweWACA Ground, Perth2003–04
375 Cricket West Indies Brian Lara EnglandAntigua Recreation Ground, St. John's1993–94
374 Sri Lanka Mahela Jayawardene South AfricaSinhalese Sports Club Ground, Colombo2006
365* Cricket West Indies Garfield Sobers PakistanSabina Park, Kingston1957–58

Last updated: 15 June 2015[44]

Highest individual score – progression of record
Score Player Opponent Venue Season Test match Number
165*[lower-alpha 1] Australia Charles Bannerman EnglandMelbourne Cricket Ground1876–77Test No. 1
211 Australia Billy Murdoch EnglandThe Oval, London1884Test No. 16
287 England R. E. Foster AustraliaSydney Cricket Ground1903–04Test No. 78
325 England Andy Sandham West IndiesSabina Park, Kingston1929–30Test No. 193
334 Australia Don Bradman EnglandHeadingley, Leeds1930Test No. 196
336* England Wally Hammond New ZealandEden Park, Auckland1932–33Test No. 226
364 England Len Hutton Australia The Oval, London1938Test No. 266
365* Cricket West Indies Garfield Sobers PakistanSabina Park, Kingston1957–58Test No. 452
375 Cricket West Indies Brian Lara EnglandAntigua Recreation Ground, St. John's1993–94Test No. 1259
380 Australia Matthew Hayden ZimbabweWACA Ground, Perth2003–04Test No. 1661
400* Cricket West Indies Brian Lara EnglandAntigua Recreation Ground, St. John's2003–04Test No. 1696

Last updated: 15 June 2016[45]

  1. ↑ Record achieved in the inaugural Test match.
Most runs in a match
Runs Scores Player Opponent Venue Season
456 333 and 123 England Graham Gooch IndiaLord's1990
426 334* and 92 Australia Mark Taylor PakistanPeshawar1998–99
424 319 and 105 Sri Lanka Kumar Sangakkara BangladeshChittagong2013–14
400 400* Cricket West Indies Brian Lara EnglandSt John's, Antigua2003–04
380 247* and 133 Australia Greg Chappell New ZealandWellington1973–74
380 Australia Matthew Hayden ZimbabwePerth2003–04

Last updated: 15 June 2016[46]

Innings as captain
Highest individual score as captain
Score Player Opponent Venue Season
400* Cricket West Indies Brian Lara EnglandAntigua Recreation Ground, St. John's2003–04
374 Sri Lanka Mahela Jayawardene South AfricaSinhalese Sports Club Ground, Colombo2006
334* Australia Mark Taylor PakistanArbab Niaz Stadium, Peshawar1998
333 England Graham Gooch IndiaLord's, London1990
329* Australia Michael Clarke IndiaSydney Cricket Ground, Sydney2012

Last updated: 15 June 2015[47]

Innings carrying the bat
Highest individual score
Score Player Opponent Venue Season
264* New Zealand Tom Latham Sri LankaBasin Reserve, Wellington2018–19
244* England Alastair Cook AustraliaMelbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne2017–18
223* New Zealand Glenn Turner West IndiesSabina Park, Kingston1972
216* Sri Lanka Marvan Atapattu ZimbabweQueens Sports Club, Bulawayo1999–00
206* Australia Bill Brown EnglandLord's, London1931

Last updated: 8 January 2019[48]

Calendar year

Most runs in a calendar year
Runs Player Average Year
1788 Pakistan Mohammad Yousuf99.332006
1710 Cricket West Indies Viv Richards90.001976
1708 England Joe Root 61.002021
1656 South Africa Graeme Smith72.002008
1595 Australia Michael Clarke106.332012

Last updated: 31 December 2021[49]

Highest scores at each batting position

Batting position Player Score Opponent Venue Date
OpenerAustralia Matthew Hayden380 ZimbabweWACA Ground9 October 2003
Number 3Cricket West Indies Brian Lara400* EnglandAntigua Recreation Ground10 April 2004
Number 4Sri Lanka Mahela Jayawardene374 South AfricaSinhalese Sports Club Ground27 July 2006
Number 5Australia Michael Clarke329* IndiaSydney Cricket Ground3 January 2012
Number 6England Ben Stokes258 South AfricaNewlands Cricket Ground2 January 2016
Number 7Australia Don Bradman270 EnglandMelbourne Cricket Ground1 January 1937
Number 8Pakistan Wasim Akram257* ZimbabweSheikhupura Stadium17 October 1996
Number 9New Zealand Ian Smith173 IndiaEden Park22 February 1990
Number 10England Walter Read117 AustraliaKennington Oval11 August 1884
Number 11Australia Ashton Agar98 EnglandTrent Bridge10 July 2013

Last updated: 18 November 2017[50]


Most runs in an over

Runs Sequence Batsman Bowler Venue Season
35 4–5W–7NB–4–4–4–6–1India Jasprit BumrahEngland Stuart BroadEdgbaston, Birmingham2022
28 4–6–6–4–4–4Cricket West Indies Brian LaraSouth Africa Robin PetersonWanderers Stadium, Johannesburg2003–04
4–6–2–4–6–6Australia George BaileyEngland James AndersonWACA, Perth2013–14
4–4–4–6–6–b4South Africa Keshav MaharajEngland Joe RootSt George's Park, Port Elizabeth2019–20
27 6–6–6–6–2–1Pakistan Shahid AfridiIndia Harbhajan SinghGaddafi Stadium, Lahore2005–06
6-4-4-4-6-3England Harry BrookPakistan Zahid MahmoodRawalpindi Cricket Stadium, Rawalpindi2022–23

Last updated: 2 December 2022[51]

Centuries

Most Test centuries
Centuries Player Matches Innings Inns/Century
51 India Sachin Tendulkar2003296.4
45 South Africa Jacques Kallis1662806.2
41 Australia Ricky Ponting1682877.0
38 Sri Lanka Kumar Sangakkara1342336.1
36 India Rahul Dravid1642867.9

Last updated: 15 June 2016[52]

Fastest Test centuries
No. of balls Player Opponent Venue Season
54 New Zealand Brendon McCullum AustraliaHagley Oval, Christchurch2015–16
56 Cricket West Indies Viv Richards EnglandAntigua Recreation Ground, St. John's1985–86
Pakistan Misbah-ul-Haq AustraliaSheikh Zayed Cricket Stadium, Abu Dhabi2014
57 Australia Adam Gilchrist EnglandWACA Ground, Perth2006–07
67 Australia Jack Gregory South AfricaOld Wanderers, Johannesburg1921–22

Last updated: 15 June 2016[53]

Most Test double centuries
Double centuries Player Matches
12 Australia Donald Bradman52
11 Sri Lanka Kumar Sangakkara130
9 Cricket West Indies Brian Lara131
7 England Wally Hammond85
India Virat Kohli100
Sri Lanka Mahela Jayawardene149

Last updated: 30 December 2021[54]

Fastest Test double centuries
No. of balls Player Opponent Venue Season
153 New Zealand Nathan Astle EnglandJade Stadium, Christchurch2001–02
163 England Ben Stokes South AfricaNewlands, Cape Town2016
168 India Virender Sehwag Sri LankaBrabourne Stadium, Mumbai2009
182 India Virender Sehwag PakistanGaddafi Stadium, Lahore2006
186 New Zealand Brendon McCullum PakistanSharjah Cricket Stadium, Sharjah2014

Last updated: 4 March 2019[55][56]

Most Test triple centuries
Triple centuries Player Matches
2 Australia Donald Bradman52
India Virender Sehwag104
Cricket West Indies Chris Gayle103
Cricket West Indies Brian Lara131
1 (22 players)

Last updated: 8 January 2019[57]

Most Test quadruple centuries
Quadruple centuries Player Matches
1 Cricket West Indies Brian Lara131

Last updated: 15 June 2016[58]

Half-centuries

Most Test 50+
50+ Player Matches Innings
119 India Sachin Tendulkar200329
103 South Africa Jacques Kallis166280
103 Australia Ricky Ponting168287
99 India Rahul Dravid164286
96 Cricket West Indies Shivnarine Chanderpaul164280

Last updated: 15 June 2016[59]

Fastest Test half-centuries
No. of balls Player Opponent Venue Season
21 Pakistan Misbah-ul-Haq AustraliaSheikh Zayed Stadium, Abu Dhabi2014–15
23 Australia David Warner PakistanSydney Cricket Ground2016–17
24 South Africa Jacques Kallis ZimbabweNewlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town2004–05
25 Cricket West Indies Shane Shillingford New ZealandSabina Park, Kingston2014
26 Pakistan Shahid Afridi IndiaM Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore2004–05
Bangladesh Mohammad Ashraful IndiaSher-e-Bangla Cricket Stadium, Mirpur2007
South Africa Dale SteynCricket West Indies West IndiesSt. George's Park, Port Elizabeth2014–15
Last updated: 16 September 2019[60]

Note: Misbah's is also the fastest in minutes, at 24 minutes, with Ashraful in second place on 27. Some records credit Victor Trumper with a 22-minute half-century against South Africa at Johannesburg in 1902-3, but this only counted the time he was on strike: the total time for his fifty is recorded as 45 minutes.
Some sources also credit Ian Botham with a 26-ball half-century against India at Delhi in 1981-2, but this is a printing error: the scorecard records 28 balls.

Most fours in career

Fours Player Innings
2058+India Sachin Tendulkar329
1654India Rahul Dravid286
1559Cricket West Indies Brian Lara232
1509Australia Ricky Ponting287
1491Sri Lanka Kumar Sangakkara233
Key: + : complete career records are not known.
Last updated: 8 January 2019[61]

Most sixes in career

Sixes Player Innings
124England Ben Stokes †175
107New Zealand Brendon McCullum176
100Australia Adam Gilchrist137
98Cricket West Indies Chris Gayle182
97South Africa Jacques Kallis280

Last updated: 16 August 2023[62]

Ducks

Ducks Innings Player Period
43 185Cricket West Indies Courtney Walsh1984–2001
39 244England Stuart Broad †2007–2023
36 104New Zealand Chris Martin2000–2013
35 138Australia Glenn McGrath1993–2007
34 199Australia Shane Warne1992–2007
142India Ishant Sharma †2007–2021

Last updated: 16 August 2023[63]

Individual records (bowling)

Most wickets in a career

Wickets Player Matches Average
800 Sri Lanka Muttiah Muralitharan13322.72
708 Australia Shane Warne14525.41
690 England James Anderson †18326.42
619 India Anil Kumble13229.65
604 England Stuart Broad16727.68
Last updated: 01 August 2023[64]

Most wickets in a career – Progression of record

Wickets Player Matches Average Record held until Duration of record
8[lower-alpha 1] England Alfred Shaw110.7531 March 187716 days
14 Australia Tom Kendall215.354 January 18791 year, 279 days
94[lower-alpha 2] Australia Fred Spofforth1818.4112 January 189516 years, 8 days
100 England Johnny Briggs2513.514 February 189533 days
101 Australia Charles Turner1716.532 March 189526 days
103 England Johnny Briggs2613.9221 March 18961 year, 19 days
112[lower-alpha 3] England George Lohmann1810.7514 January 18981 year, 299 days
118 England Johnny Briggs3317.752 January 19045 years, 353 days
141 Australia Hugh Trumble3221.7813 December 19139 years, 345 days
189 England Sydney Barnes2716.434 January 193622 years, 22 days
216 Australia Clarrie Grimmett3724.2124 July 195317 years, 201 days
236 England Alec Bedser5124.8926 January 19639 years, 186 days
242[lower-alpha 4] England Brian Statham6724.2715 March 196348 days
307 England Fred Trueman6721.571 February 197612 years, 323 days
309 Cricket West Indies Lance Gibbs7929.0927 December 19815 years, 329 days
355 Australia Dennis Lillee7023.9221 August 19864 years, 237 days
373[lower-alpha 5] England Ian Botham9427.8612 November 19882 years, 83 days
431 New Zealand Richard Hadlee8622.298 February 19945 years, 88 days
434 India Kapil Dev13129.6427 March 20006 years, 48 days
519 Cricket West Indies Courtney Walsh13224.448 May 20044 years, 42 days
532[lower-alpha 6] Sri Lanka Muttiah Muralitharan9122.8715 October 2004160 days
708[lower-alpha 6] Australia Shane Warne14525.413 December 20073 years, 49 days
800 Sri Lanka Muttiah Muralitharan13322.72Current16 years, 37 days
  1. ↑ Allen Hill took the first Test wicket, but only two in the First Test match. Alfred Shaw (3/51 & 5/35) and Tom Kendall (1/54 & 7/55) both took eight wickets, but as Australia batted first Shaw was the first to take five wickets in an innings and the first to take eight Test wickets. Kendall overtook him in the Second Test and Shaw subsequently increased his total to 12 wickets (15.35) in seven Tests[65]
  2. ↑ Johnny Briggs equalled Fred Spofforth's record of 94 Test wickets on 29 December 1894 in the Second Test at Melbourne, as did Charles Turner two days later. Briggs overtook Turner and Spofforth in the Third Test at Adelaide, which Turner missed, and became the first man to claim 100 Test wickets on 1 February 1895 in the Fourth Test at Sydney. Turner became the second three days later and ended with a total of 101 wickets (16.53) in 17 Tests[66][67]
  3. ↑ Johnny Briggs equalled George Lohmann's record of 112 Test wickets on 3 January 1898 in the Second Test at Melbourne and overtook him in the next match at Adelaide.
  4. ↑ Fred Trueman overtook Brian Statham's then record of 242 Test wickets and Statham subsequently increased his total to 252 wickets (24.84) in 70 Tests
  5. ↑ Richard Hadlee overtook Ian Botham's then record of 373 Test wickets and Botham subsequently increased his total to 383 wickets (28.40) in 102 Tests
  6. 1 2 Shane Warne overtook Muttiah Muralitharan's then record of 532 Test wickets and Muralitharan subsequently increased his total to 800 wickets (22.72) in 133 Tests[68]

Fastest to multiples of 50 wickets

Ravichandran Ashwin holds world record for quickest to reach 250, 300 and 350 Test wickets.
Wickets Bowler Match Record Date Reference
50 Australia Charlie Turner 6 30 August 1888 [69]
100 England George Lohmann 16 2 March 1896 [70]
150 England Sydney Barnes 24 13 December 1913 [71]
200 Pakistan Yasir Shah 33 3 December 2018 [72]
250 India Ravichandran Ashwin 45 9 February 2017 [73]
300 54 24 November 2017 [74]
350 Sri Lanka Muttiah Muralitharan 66 6 September 2001 [75]
India Ravichandran Ashwin 2 October 2019
400 Sri Lanka Muttiah Muralitharan 72 12 January 2002 [76]
450 80 3 May 2003 [77]
500 87 16 March 2004 [78]
550 94 12 September 2005 [79][80]
600 101 8 March 2006 [81]
650 108 4 August 2006 [82][83]
700 113 11 July 2007 [84]
750 122 31 July 2008 [85]
800 133 18 July 2010 [86]
Last updated: 19 January 2021

Best career bowling average

Average Player Runs conceded Wickets
10.75 England George Lohmann1,205112
12.70 England/Australia J. J. Ferris[lower-alpha 1]77561
15.54 England Billy Barnes79351
16.42 England Billy Bates82150
16.43 England Sydney Barnes3106189
Last updated: 19 February 2022[88]
Qualification: At least 2,000 balls bowled.

Note: If the qualification is removed, the best career average record is at 0.00 runs per wicket (i.e. no runs were conceded). This record is shared by Englishmen A N Hornby, Wilf Barber and New Zealander, Bruce Murray who took one wicket without conceding a run[89]

  1. ↑ John Ferris was one of a few cricketers to play Test cricket for more than one country. He played in eight Tests for Australia from 1886–87 and a single Test for England in South Africa in 1891–92.[87]

Best career strike rate

Strike rate Player Balls Wickets
34.1 England George Lohmann3,830112
35.3 South Africa Duanne Olivier †2,00859
37.7 Australia / England J. J. Ferris2,30261
38.7 New Zealand Shane Bond3,37287
39.7 South Africa Kagiso Rabada †11,117280
Last updated: 16 August 2023[90]
Qualification: 2000 balls bowled.

Most 5 wickets in an innings

5 wickets in an innings Player Matches
67 Sri Lanka Muttiah Muralitharan133
37 Australia Shane Warne145
36 New Zealand Richard Hadlee86
35 India Anil Kumble132
34 India Ravichandran Ashwin94
Sri Lanka Rangana Herath93

Last updated: 16 August 2023[91]

Most 10 wickets in a match

10 wickets in a match Player Matches
22 Sri Lanka Muttiah Muralitharan133
10 Australia Shane Warne145
9 New Zealand Richard Hadlee86
Sri Lanka Rangana Herath93
8 India Anil Kumble132
India Ravichandran Ashwin94

Last updated: 16 August 2023[92]

Series

Most wickets in a series
Wickets Player Series
49 (4 Tests) England Sydney Barnesv  South Africa 1913–14
46 (5 Tests) England Jim Lakerv  Australia, 1956
44 (5 Tests) Australia Clarrie Grimmettv  South Africa 1935–36
42 (6 Tests) Australia Terry Aldermanv  England, 1981
41 (6 Tests) Australia Terry Aldermanv  England, 1989
Australia Rodney Hoggv  England, 1978–79

Last updated: 15 June 2016[93]

Innings

Best figures in an innings
Bowling figures Player Opponent Venue Season
10–53 England Jim Laker[lower-alpha 1] AustraliaOld Trafford, Manchester1956
10–74 India Anil Kumble PakistanFeroz Shah Kotla Ground, Delhi1998–99
10–119 New Zealand Ajaz Patel IndiaWankhede Stadium, Mumbai2021–22
9–28 England George Lohmann South AfricaOld Wanderers, Johannesburg1895–96
9–37 England Jim Laker[lower-alpha 1] AustraliaOld Trafford, Manchester1956

Last updated: 4 December 2021[95]

  1. 1 2 Jim Laker achieved figures of 9-37 and 10-53 in the same Test match in 1956 against Australia at Old Trafford, in first and second innings respectively.[94]
Best figures in an innings – progression of record
Bowling figures Player Opponent Venue Season
7–55[lower-alpha 1] Australia Tom Kendall EnglandMelbourne Cricket Ground1876–77
7–44 Australia Fred Spofforth EnglandThe Oval, London1882
7–28 England Billy Bates AustraliaMelbourne Cricket Ground1882–83
8–35 England George Lohmann AustraliaSydney Cricket Ground1886–87
8–11 England Johnny Briggs South AfricaNewlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town1888–89
8–7 England George Lohmann South AfricaSt. George's Park, Port Elizabeth1895–96
9–28 England George Lohmann South AfricaOld Wanderers, Johannesburg1895–96
10–53 England Jim Laker AustraliaOld Trafford, Manchester1956
Last updated: 15 June 2016
Note: Calculated at the conclusion of each Test.
  1. ↑ Record achieved in the inaugural Test match.

Match records

Best figures in a match
Bowling Player Opponent Venue Season
19–90 England Jim Laker AustraliaOld Trafford, Manchester1956
17–159 England Sydney Barnes South AfricaOld Wanderers, Johannesburg1913–14
16–136 India Narendra Hirwani West IndiesM. A. Chidambaram Stadium, Chennai1987–88
16–137 Australia Bob Massie EnglandLord's, London1972
16–220 Sri Lanka Muttiah Muralitharan EnglandThe Oval, London1998

Last updated: 15 June 2016[96]

Innings as captain

Best figures in an innings as captain
Bowling figures Player Opponent Venue Season
9–83 India Kapil Dev West IndiesSardar Patel Stadium, Ahmedabad1983
8–60 Pakistan Imran Khan IndiaNational Stadium, Karachi, Karachi1982
8–63 Sri Lanka Rangana Herath ZimbabweHarare Sports Club, Harare2016
8–106 India Kapil Dev AustraliaAdelaide Oval, Adelaide1985
7–37 Cricket West Indies Courtney Walsh New ZealandBasin Reserve, Wellington1995

Last updated: 16 March 2017[97]

Match records as captain

Best figures in a match as captain
Bowling Player Opponent Venue Season
13–55 Cricket West Indies Courtney Walsh New ZealandBasin Reserve, Wellington1995
13–135 Pakistan Waqar Younis ZimbabweSouthend Club Cricket Stadium, Karachi1993
13–152 Sri Lanka Rangana Herath ZimbabweHarare Sports Club, Harare2016
12–100 Pakistan Fazal Mahmood West IndiesBangabandhu National Stadium, Dhaka1959
11–79 Pakistan Imran Khan IndiaNational Stadium, Karachi1982

Last updated: 15 June 2016[98]

Individual records (fielding)

Most catches in Test career

Catches Player Matches
210 India Rahul Dravid164
205 Sri Lanka Mahela Jayawardene149
200 South Africa Jacques Kallis166
196 Australia Ricky Ponting168
183 England Joe Root135
Last updated: 02 August 2023[99]
Note: This list excludes catches made as wicket-keeper.

Individual records (wicket-keeping)

Most dismissals

Dismissals Player Matches
555 (532 catches + 23 stumpings) South Africa Mark Boucher147
416 (379 catches + 37 stumpings) Australia Adam Gilchrist96
395 (366 catches + 29 stumpings) Australia Ian Healy119
355 (343 catches + 12 stumpings) Australia Rod Marsh96
294 (256 catches + 38 stumpings) India MS Dhoni90

Last updated: 15 June 2016[100]

Most catches

Catches Player Matches
532 South Africa Mark Boucher147
379 Australia Adam Gilchrist96
366 Australia Ian Healy119
343 Australia Rod Marsh96
265 Cricket West Indies Jeff Dujon81

Last updated: 15 June 2016[101]

Most stumpings

Stumpings Player Matches
52 Australia Bert Oldfield54
46 England Godfrey Evans91
38 India Syed Kirmani88
India MS Dhoni90
37 Australia Adam Gilchrist96

Last updated: 15 June 2016[102]

Individual records (as an all-rounder)

10 wickets and a century in a Test match

Player Runs Wickets Date Opponent Venue
England Ian Botham[103][lower-alpha 1] 114 13/109 15 February 1980  India Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai, India
Pakistan Imran Khan[103][lower-alpha 1] 117 11/180 3 January 1983  India Iqbal Stadium, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Bangladesh Shakib Al Hasan[103][lower-alpha 2] 137 10/124 3 November 2014  Zimbabwe Sheikh Abu Naser Stadium, Khulna, Bangladesh
Last updated: 16 September 2016[104]
Notes: Alan Davidson (Australia), in the tied 1st Test at Brisbane against the West Indies in 1960-61, was the first man to score 100 runs and take 10 wickets in a match (and is the only other player to achieve this so far), but without a century: his two scores with the bat were 44 and 80, in addition to 11 wickets (5/135 and 6/87).

Betty Wilson was the first player to do it in 1958. She scored 100 and was 11/18. Enid Bakewell made this milestone the year before Botham.[105]
  1. 1 2 Botham and Imran only batted once in their matches.
  2. ↑ Shakib batted twice in his match, but only scored 6 in the other innings.

Most 5 wickets in an innings and a century in the same Test match

Matches Player Period
5 England Ian Botham1977–1992
3 India Ravichandran Ashwin †2011–present
2 Cricket West Indies Garfield Sobers1954–1974
Pakistan Mushtaq Mohammad1959–1979
South Africa Jacques Kallis1995–2013
Bangladesh Shakib Al Hasan †2007–present

Last updated: 15 February 2021[106]

Individual records (other)

Most matches played

Matches Player Period
200 India Sachin Tendulkar1989–2013
183 England James Anderson †2003–2023
168 Australia Steve Waugh1985–2004
Australia Ricky Ponting1995–2012
167 England Stuart Broad2007–2023
Last updated: 16 August 2023[107]

Most matches played as captain

Matches Player Won Lost Drawn Tied
109 South Africa Graeme Smith5329270
93 Australia Allan Border3222381
80 New Zealand Stephen Fleming2827250
77 Australia Ricky Ponting4816130
74 Cricket West Indies Clive Lloyd3612260

Last updated: 15 June 2016[108]

Most matches won as captain

Won Player Lost Drawn Ties Matches
53 South Africa Graeme Smith26260109
48 Australia Ricky Ponting1613077
41 Australia Steve Waugh97057
40 India Virat Kohli1711068
36 Cricket West Indies Clive Lloyd1226074

Last updated: 14 January 2022[109]

Most Player-of-the-Match awards

No. of Awards Player Team Matches Period
23 Jacques Kallis South Africa1661995–2013
19 Muttiah Muralitharan Sri Lanka1331992–2010
17 Wasim Akram Pakistan1041985–2002
Shane Warne Australia1451992–2007
16 Kumar Sangakkara Sri Lanka1342000–2015
Ricky Ponting Australia1681995–2012
Last updated: 29 December 2019[110]

Most Player-of-the-series awards

No. of Award Player Team Matches Series Period
11 Muttiah Muralitharan Sri Lanka133611992–2010
10 R Ashwin† India94392011–2023
9 Jacques Kallis South Africa166611995–2013
8 Imran Khan Pakistan88281971–1992
Richard Hadlee New Zealand86331973–1990
Shane Warne Australia145461992–2007
Last updated: 16 August 2023[111]

Partnership records

Highest partnerships

Runs Team Players Opposition Venue Season
624 (3rd wicket)  Sri LankaKumar Sangakkara (287)Mahela Jayawardene (374) South AfricaSinhalese Sports Club Ground, Colombo2006
576 (2nd wicket)  Sri LankaSanath Jayasuriya (340)Roshan Mahanama (225) IndiaRanasinghe Premadasa Stadium, Colombo1997–98
467 (3rd wicket)  New ZealandAndrew Jones (186)Martin Crowe (299) Sri LankaBasin Reserve, Wellington1990–91
451 (2nd wicket)  AustraliaBill Ponsford (266)Donald Bradman (244) EnglandThe Oval, London1934
451 (3rd wicket)  PakistanMudassar Nazar (231)Javed Miandad (280*) IndiaNiaz Stadium, Hyderabad1982–83

Last updated: 15 June 2016[112]

An asterisk (*) signifies an unbroken partnership (i.e. neither of the batsmen was dismissed before either the end of the allotted overs or the required score being reached).

Highest partnership (for each wicket)

Partnership Runs Team Players Opposition Venue Season
1st wicket 415 South AfricaGraeme Smith (232)Neil McKenzie (226) BangladeshChittagong Divisional Stadium2008
2nd wicket 576 Sri LankaSanath Jayasuriya (340)Roshan Mahanama (225) IndiaRanasinghe Premadasa Stadium, Colombo1997–98
3rd wicket 624 Sri LankaKumar Sangakkara (287)Mahela Jayawardene (374) South AfricaSinhalese Sports Club Ground, Colombo2006
4th wicket 449 AustraliaAdam Voges (269*)Shaun Marsh (182) West IndiesBellerive Oval, Hobart2015–16
5th wicket 405 AustraliaSid Barnes (234)Donald Bradman (234) EnglandSydney Cricket Ground1946–47
6th wicket 399 EnglandBen Stokes (258)Jonny Bairstow (150*) South AfricaNewlands Cricket Ground, Cape Town2015–16
7th wicket 347 West IndiesDenis Atkinson (219)Clairmonte Depeiaza (122) AustraliaKensington Oval, Bridgetown1954–55
8th wicket 332 EnglandJonathan Trott (184)Stuart Broad (169) PakistanLord's, London2010
9th wicket 195 South AfricaMark Boucher (78)Pat Symcox (108) PakistanNew Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg1997–98
10th wicket 198 EnglandJoe Root (154*)James Anderson (81) IndiaTrent Bridge, Nottingham2014

Last updated: 15 June 2016[113]

An asterisk (*) signifies an unbroken partnership (i.e. neither of the batsmen was dismissed before either the end of the allotted overs or the required score being reached).

Highest overall partnership runs by a pair

Rank Runs Innings Players Batting team Highest Average 100/50 career span
1 6,920 143Rahul Dravid & Sachin Tendulkar India24950.5120/291996–2012
2 6,554 120Mahela Jayawardene & Kumar Sangakkara Sri Lanka62456.519/272000–2015
3 6,482 148Gordon Greenidge & Desmond Haynes West Indies29847.3116/261978–1991
4 6,081 122Matthew Hayden & Justin Langer Australia25551.5314/281997–2007
5 5,253 132Alastair Cook & Andrew Strauss England22940.414/212006–2012
Last updated: 11 October 2022[114]

See also

References

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