Mucronella
Mucronella bresadolae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Basidiomycota
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Family:
Clavariaceae
Genus:
Mucronella

Fr. (1874)
Type species
Mucronella calva
(Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. (1874)
Synonyms[1]
  • Mucronia Fr. (1849)
  • Myxomycidium Massee (1901)

Mucronella is a genus of fungi in the family Clavariaceae. Species in the genus resemble awl-shaped teeth that grow in groups without a common subiculum (supporting layer of mycelium).

Taxonomy

The type species was originally named Hydnum calvum in a collaborative effort by the German botanist Johannes Baptista von Albertini and the American Lewis David de Schweinitz in 1805.[2] Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries transferred the species to the newly described genus Mucronella in 1874.[3]

Molecular phylogenetic analysis suggests that the genus is monophyletic, and is sister to the remainder of the Clavariaceae,[4] confirming earlier suspicions that the taxa were phylogenetically related.[5] It had previously been placed in the Russulales due to its amyloid spores, and its morphological similarity to some members of genus Hericium.[4]

Description

Fruitbodies of Mucronella species resemble hanging spines; they occur singly, scattered, or in groups. Colors range from white to yellow to orange. Mucronella has a monomitic hyphal system —consisting of only generative hyphae. The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are four-spored and club shaped. Basidiospores are usually smooth with thin walls, weakly amyloid, and somewhat hyaline (translucent).[6] Mucronella is the sole genus in the Clavariaceae with amyloid spores, and with the "hanging spine" fruitbody morphology.[4]

Habitat and distribution

Mucronella species are saprotrophic.[4] Kartar Singh Thind and I.P.S. Khurana identified five species from the northwestern Himalayas, India, in 1974: M. bresadolae, M. calva, M. flava, M. subalpina, and M. pulchra.[6]

Species

Mucronella flava

As of August 2015, Index Fungorum accepts 17 species of Mucronella:[7]

  • Mucronella albidula (Corner) Berthier 1985
  • Mucronella argentina Speg. 1898 – South America
  • Mucronella belalongensis P.Roberts 1998 – Brunei[8]
  • Mucronella brasiliensis Corner 1950 – South America
  • Mucronella bresadolae (Quél.) Corner 1970
  • Mucronella calva (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. 1874
  • Mucronella flava Corner 1953
  • Mucronella fusiformis (Kauffman) K.A.Harrison 1972
  • Mucronella minutissima Peck 1891[9]
  • Mucronella pendula (Massee) R.H.Petersen 1980 – Australia
  • Mucronella polyporacea Velen. 1922 – Europe
  • Mucronella pulchra Corner 1970 – Pakistan[10]
  • Mucronella pusilla Corner 1950
  • Mucronella ramosa Lloyd 1922[11]
  • Mucronella styriaca Maas Geest. 1977 – Europe[12]
  • Mucronella subalpina K.S.Thind & Khurana 1974 – India[6]
  • Mucronella togoensis Henn. 1897 – Africa[13]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Mucronella Fr. 1874". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 15 November 2014.
  2. ↑ Albertini JB, Schweinitz LD (1805). Conspectus Fungorum in Lusatiae superioris (in Latin). p. 271.
  3. ↑ Fries EM. (1874). Hymenomycetes Europaei (in Latin). p. 629.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Birkebak JM, Mayor JR, Ryberg KM, Matheny PB (2013). "A systematic, morphological and ecological overview of the Clavariaceae (Agaricales)" (PDF). Mycologia. 105 (4): 896–911. doi:10.3852/12-070. PMID 23396156. S2CID 27083890. Open access icon
  5. ↑ Larsson KH, Larsson E, Koljalg U (2004). "High phylogenetic diversity among corticioid homobasidiomycetes". Mycological Research. 108 (Pt 9): 983–1002. doi:10.1017/S0953756204000851. PMID 15506012.
  6. 1 2 3 Thind KS, Khurana IP (1974). "The genus Mucronella in India" (PDF). Kavaka. 2: 49–55.
  7. ↑ Kirk PM. "Species Fungorum (version 30th July 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life". Archived from the original on 16 September 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
  8. ↑ Hjortstam K, Roberts PJ, Spooner BM (1998). "Corticioid fungi from Brunei Darussalam". Kew Bulletin, Additional Series. 53 (4): 805–827. doi:10.2307/4118870. JSTOR 4118870.
  9. ↑ Peck CH. (1891). "Report of the Botanist (1890)". Annual Report on the New York State Museum of Natural History. 44: 117–187 (see p. 134).
  10. ↑ Corner EJH. (1970). Supplement to 'A Monograph of Clavaria and Allied Genera'. Nova Hedwigia Beihefte. Vol. 33. Lehre, Germany: J. Cramer. p. 175.
  11. ↑ Lloyd CG. (1922). "Mycological Notes 66". Mycological Writings. 7 (66): 1105–1136.
  12. ↑ Maas Geesteranus RA. (1977). "Problems around a new Mucronella". Persoonia. 9 (2): 271–4.
  13. ↑ Hennings P. (1897). "Fungi camerunenses II". Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie. 23: 537–558.
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