Muhoozi Kainerugaba
Born (1974-04-23) 23 April 1974
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
AllegianceUganda People's Defense Force
Service/branch Ugandan Land Forces
Years of service1999 – present
RankGeneral
Commands heldSpecial Forces Command (2008–2017, 2020–2021)[1][2]
Commander UPDF Land forces (2021–2022)[3][4][5]
Battles/wars2008–2009 Garamba offensive
Alma mater.
RelationsYoweri Museveni (father)
Janet Museveni (mother)

Muhoozi Kainerugaba (born 24 April 1974)[6] is a Ugandan general, Son of President Yoweri Museveni and the Leader of the MK Movement, a political pressure group that aims to foresee the political journey of General Muhoozi Kainerugaba to becoming the next President of Uganda. He has been commander of the Special Forces Command (SFC) from 2008 to 2017, and again from December 2020 to 2021,[1][2] then commander of the land forces of the Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF) from 24 June 2021[3][4] to 4 October 2022, when he was removed following tweets claiming to be able to capture Nairobi in less than a week.[5] Both the UPDF and the SFC are accused of using excessive force,[7][8][9][10] as well as abductions;[11][12] Muhoozi and other senior officials are mentioned in an International Criminal Court complaint.[13] In 2017, Muhoozi was appointed Presidential Adviser, fueling speculations he was being prepared for the presidency.[14][15] He announced he was running for the office on 15 March 2023, despite his father also indicating he would run for re-election.[16][17]

On 30 November 2021, Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo launched a joint military offensive in Eastern Congo dubbed 'Operation Shujaa', led by Muhoozi. The stated reason is to fight against the Ugandan rebel group Allied Democratic Forces (ADF).[18]

Family

Muhoozi Kainerugaba was born on 24 April 1974 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, to Yoweri Museveni and Janet Museveni.[6] His father has been President of Uganda since 1986 during his time with FRONASA, a guerrilla outfit he led during the fight against Idi Amin's dictatorial government by exiles based in Tanzania.

Raised in a Christian family, Muhoozi became born-again in his early years (secondary school).

In 1999, Muhoozi married Charlotte Nankunda Kutesa.[19][20]

Education

As a child, Muhoozi attended schools in Tanzania, Mount Kenya Academy in Nyeri Kenya, and Sweden. After his father became President of Uganda in 1986, he attended Kampala Parents School, King's College Budo, and St. Mary's College Kisubi. He graduated in 1994.[21]

Muhoozi was admitted to the Egyptian Military Academy where he took both the company and battalion commanders courses. He also has attended the Kalama Armoured Warfare Training School.[22] In 2007 he was admitted to a one-year course at the United States Army Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, graduating in June 2008.[23] Following that, he successfully completed the Executive National Security Programme at the South African National Defence College.[24] Muhoozi joined Nottingham University where he obtained a Political Science degree in 1997[25] [26]

Career

In 1999, Muhoozi joined the Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF) at the rank of officer cadet and graduated in 2000 from the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, the British Army's officer training school. He quickly made promotion within UPDF although many of Museveni's former NRA comrades such as David Sejusa and Kizza Besigye opposed this.[27]

In September 2011 Muhoozi was promoted to Colonel.[28] In early 2012 Muhoozi enrolled at the South African National Defence College for the Executive National Security Program. In August 2012 he was promoted to Brigadier General[29] and appointed Commander Special Forces Command. In 2013 and 2014 Muhoozi was one of the senior UPDF commanders who deployed to South Sudan to support the Government of South Sudan after fighting broke out in Juba between rival factions of the SPLA.[30]

In 2017 Muhoozi was appointed Senior Presidential Advisor on Special Duties, a position he held until December 2020.[31] He has been commander of the Special Forces Command (SFC) from 2008 to 2017, and again from December 2020 to 2021,[1][2] In February 2019, President Museveni, Muhoozi's father, promoted him to the rank of colonel, the second-highest rank in the UPDF army after general.[32]

In June 2021, Muhoozi was appointed Commander of UPDF Land Forces, taking over from Lt. Gen. Peter Elwelu who is now his deputy.[33] Elwelu is known to have commanded the infamous raid on the Rwenzururu palace in Western Uganda in November 2016 in which he ordered UPDF to open fire on Rwenzururu royal guards, killing more than 100 of them.[34]

Project Muhoozi, 2013

In 2013, General David Sejusa Tinyefuza wrote a letter in which he explained a plan with the intention of having Muhoozi succeed his father as president. Army officers opposed to it were at risk of being assassinated. Sejusa told the BBC that Uganda was being turned into a "political monarchy," which Muhoozi denied.[35] The letter led to the government's most aggressive attack on the media. The police laid siege to the Daily Monitor for more than 10 days, while many in Uganda were surprised by the silence of the international community. Tinyefuza spent over a year in exile in the United Kingdom before he returned. He was later arrested for insubordination in 2016.[15][36] The term 'Muhoozi project' is no longer a taboo and even used frequently by Muhoozi fans on social media.[37]

Uganda–Rwanda conflict, 2018-2022

In February 2019, Rwanda closed the border accusing Uganda of supporting rebel groups in order to destabilize Rwanda. Uganda accused the Rwanda government of spying.[38][39] In 2019 Rwanda's key demands included Uganda ceasing to host anti-Kigali elements and the release of its abducted citizens. In 2022, Muhoozi took on a task that Angola's President João Manuel Lourenço and Democratic Republic of Congo's Félix Tshisekedi failed to accomplish in 2019, when they facilitated four meetings between Paul Kagame and Museveni.[40][41] Rwanda's main Gatuna border post between the two countries reopened in late January, following a meeting between Kagame and Muhoozi.[42][43]

Muhoozi as commander of SFC

Muhoozi has been commander of the Special Forces Command (SFC) from 2008 to 2017, and again from December 2020 to 2021,[1][2] then commander of the land forces of the Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF) from 24 June 2021[3][4] to 4 October 2022, when he was removed following tweets claiming to be able to capture Nairobi.[5] The SFC has been criticised for the extrajudicial abductions, tortures, disappearances and killings of political opposition.[44][45] In his role as commander of the SFC, Kainerugaba has been named in a complaint to the International Criminal Court.[46]

In 2007 he commanded the decisive defeat of the ADF in Bundibugyo, in an operation where 80 enemy forces and the ADF's third in command were killed in action.

In 2008 he was deployed as Second-In-Command of "Operation Lightening Thunder" in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This successful operation was organized to degrade the combat capacities of the rebel Lord's Resistance Army in Garamba, deep in the jungles of the DR Congo.

In 2009 he participated in training and commissioning the UPDF's first paratrooper element. Uganda's first paratroopers since 1976.[47][48][49]

Controversies

On 31 December 2020, three days after being re-appointed SFC commander, Muhoozi posted a number of tweets attacking Bobi Wine; the tweets were considered by many Ugandans to promote tribalism. After many negative reactions, he removed the tweets.[50][51][52][53][54][55]

A US$17 million tender contract to deliver medical oxygen was awarded to Muhoozi's wife Charlotte's company Silverbacks, leading to accusations of corruption. During the COVID-19 outbreak of June 2021, oxygen production struggled, causing many COVID-19 patients to die of oxygen shortages.[56][57]

On 28 December 2021 Ugandan security forces put under house arrest, and subsequently arrested, journalist and writer Kakwenza Rukira after he had insulted Muhoozi on Twitter.[58][59] During the period he was tortured Kakwenza allegedly had three meetings with Muhoozi in which he had to apologize for the tweets.

When Muhoozi was still an active serving officer in the UPDF, some had criticized his latest active involvement in politics and taking on roles typically meant for civilian diplomats as breaking the UPDF code of conduct for a serving officer. For instance, he played an active role in the mending of the Rwanda-Uganda relationship culminating in the successful re-opening of Uganda's border with Rwanda. Active serving military personnel are barred from engaging in active political roles in Uganda, according to UPDF rules.

Moreover, Muhoozi is known to enjoy alcoholic beverages[60] and as such, he has been criticized about tweeting while drunk and posting often controversial tweets. It is also stated in the UPDF Act 7 of 2005, under Disgraceful conduct, section 139, that, "A person in the Defence Forces who is drunk, whether or not on duty, commits an offence and is on conviction, liable to imprisonment not exceeding seven years."[61] No case has been brought to the UPDF court martial's attention about Muhoozi's behavior as a drunk serving officer.

In February 2022, he expressed support for Russia's invasion of Ukraine and wrote that Russian President Vladimir Putin "is absolutely right!".[62][63]

In May 2022, Muhoozi praised former U.S. President Donald Trump, describing him as the "only white man I have ever respected".[64]

In October 2022, Muhoozi received attention for publicly offering 100 cows as a bride price for Italian politician Giorgia Meloni, who at that point was widely expected to become the next Prime Minister of Italy, threatening to conquer Rome if this bride price were rebuffed.[65]

On 3 October 2022, Muhoozi caused a diplomatic incident with Kenya when, on Twitter, he threatened to invade the country and conquer Nairobi, forcing his father to apologise for the comments.[66] On 4 October 2022, following the controversy with Kenya, Muhoozi was removed from the UPDF lead.[5]

Twitter use

Having been previously known to be generally a silent observer on Uganda's political scene, Muhoozi has recently taken to Twitter, suddenly becoming outspoken on a number of socio-political issues in Uganda, but mostly in praise of the UPDF which he hails as 'the greatest Army in the world'. In a 2013 speech to the UPDF High Command, President Museveni said this of the then Brig. Muhoozi, "I am most pleased that Muhoozi has turned out to be a very serious officer, quiet and devoted to the building of the army" in reference to Muhoozi's work in building the Special Forces Command.[67] Muhoozi has been dubbed by some in the media as the 'tweeting General'[68] in reference to his sudden prolific use of Twitter, frequently posting content that some do not view as befitting of someone of his rank and position in the Army and in Uganda's social sphere.

Through Twitter, Muhoozi has actively commented on Uganda's fractured relationship with Rwanda promising to speak with his 'uncle' President Paul Kagame of Rwanda to allow for the re-opening of the Rwanda-Uganda border. The Rwanda-Uganda border was closed by Rwanda in 2019 in a diplomatic protest accusing Uganda of harboring and supporting elements Kigali considered active in attempting to destabilize Rwanda. On March 6, 2022, Muhoozi took to Twitter to announce that the Rwanda-Uganda border would be fully re-opened on March 7, 2022, after several diplomatic engagements that saw Muhoozi travel to Kigali twice in early 2022.[69][70] He said in praise of the successful negotiations to re-open the border, "The border is fully opening tomorrow. Me and my uncle (President Kagame) achieved in 7 hours what all the diplomats on earth failed to achieve. I think we need a prize."

On 12 April 2022, Muhoozi de-activated his Twitter account.[71] He returned on 16 April.

Presidential ambitions

The Muhoozi Project has alleged that there is a plan for Muhoozi to become Uganda's next president to succeed his father, the current President of Uganda, President Museveni, who has ruled since January 1986 under the National Resistance Movement (NRM). However, there are some who believe that the President's son-in-law and Senior Presidential Advisor for Special Duties, Odrek Rwabwogo, is also interested in succeeding President Museveni, creating two competing camps.[72] It is not clear who the ruling NRM party will back to succeed president Museveni who has not indicated when or if he will leave office.

On 8 March 2022, Muhoozi took to Twitter to announce that he would be retiring from the UPDF, although no timeline for the retirement was given. He said that, "After 28 years of service in my glorious military, the greatest military in the world, I am happy to announce my retirement. Me and my soldiers have achieved so much! I have only love and respect for all those great men and women that achieve greatness for Uganda everyday."[73] The tweet generated a lot of national and international media attention, with Reuters writing that the move was seen by some as a preparation for the presidency.[74] However, celebrated Ugandan journalist Andrew Mwenda, Muhoozi's friend and long-time confidant, posted a video on his Twitter timeline with Muhoozi a few hours after Muhoozi's retirement tweet, appearing to clarify that the retirement will only come in "exactly eight years" [2030].[75] Uganda's next presidential election is slated for 2026.

Twitter account deactivation

On April 11, 2022, Muhoozi de-activated his Twitter account which had a verified Twitter handle @mkainerugaba. It was not immediately clear why he de-activated his account but some sources stated that Muhoozi feared that, "there was sabotage against him and that he was being targeted by 'Big Tech' to silence him and his supporters".[76]

Prior to de-activating his account, Muhoozi had put in place plans to celebrate his upcoming 48th birthday with Uganda's Attorney General Kiryowa Kiwanuka as the Chairperson of his 48th birthday organising committee. The list of nearly 28 members of the organizing committee consisted of other very high-profile members of the Uganda society including prominent musicians, army officers, government officials, media personalities and members of parliament.[77]

The unusual approach Muhoozi had taken to using his Twitter handle to comment publicly on somewhat sensitive issues across Uganda and the region placed him and the UPDF under heavy spotlight as he is the Commander Land Forces of the country's armed forces. This came at a time when the UPDF is fighting against prolonged civil conflict in the Karamoja region involving notorious cattle rustlers where Muhoozi threatened to abandon diplomatic channels to ending the conflict promising to bring "hell" to those involved in what he called 'robbery and violence' in Karamoja.[78] At the same time, the UPDF along with DRC forces are fighting against the ADF militant group in Eastern DRC in Operation Shujaa that commenced in November 2021.[79]

On 16 April 2022, five days after deactivating his Twitter account, Muhoozi re-activated it, writing, "Never fear my followers and supporters. I'm back. I had some decisions to make." It was not immediately clear what those decisions were. On 3 October 2022 Muhoozi sparked controversy yet again when he tweeted that it would take him two weeks to capture Nairobi, and the next day he was removed from the UPDF lead.[5]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Museveni reappoints First Son Muhoozi SFC Commander, Gen Loketch named New Deputy IGP". Watchdog Uganda. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Gen Muhoozi Kainerugaba back, Sabiiti out". independent.co.ug. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 "Kainerugaba named commander UPDF land forces". independent.co.ug. 24 June 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  4. 1 2 3 Kazibwe, Kenneth (24 June 2021). "Museveni appoints son Muhoozi as new land forces commander". Nile Post. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 "Uganda removes president's son from army role after Kenya invasion tweets". Reuters. 4 October 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  6. 1 2 Butagira, Tabu (22 May 2010). "Janet Museveni Opens Up On Love, Family And Politics". AllAfrica.com. The Monitor. Retrieved 5 October 2022. President Museveni writes in his autobiography: "... Janet and I were married in August 1973 and our first child, Muhoozi [Kainerugaba], was born on April 24, 1974..."
  7. ↑ "US gravely concerned about reports of abuse". Reuters. 10 September 2018. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  8. ↑ "Zaake sues maj gen Sabiit Muzeyi SFC". PML daily.
  9. ↑ "Ugandan special forces accused of ejecting MPs from parliament". Reuters. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  10. ↑ Biryabarema, Elias (18 February 2021). "Uganda military sentences soldiers up to three months in jail over journalist assault". Reuters. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
  11. ↑ "Pulkol attacks spies SFC over abductions". Monitor.
  12. ↑ "Where are the missing persons". Monitor. 11 March 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  13. ↑ "Ugandan president son named in ICC complaint over abductions and abuse". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  14. ↑ "Uganda's Museveni promotes son to special adviser role". BBC News. 10 January 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  15. 1 2 Blanshe, Musinguzi (13 May 2021). "Uganda: Museveni's son Muhoozi being manoeuvred into place". The Africa Report. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  16. ↑ https://twitter.com/mkainerugaba/status/1636100593201676289
  17. ↑ "Uganda: Museveni will run in 2026. Can he outpace his son Muhoozi?". 27 December 2022.
  18. ↑ "Why Ugandan troops entered DRC". BBC News. 4 December 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  19. ↑ "Muhoozi Kainerugaba". LinkedIn. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  20. ↑ "Battle-Hardened: An Insight into Gen. Muhoozi's 20-year Military Career". Trumpet News. 26 April 2019. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  21. ↑ Ladu, Ismail Musa (27 September 2010). "Muhoozi: Why I joined the army". Daily Monitor. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
  22. ↑ Kato, Joshua (21 April 2006). "mzee always sends me to the most dangerous – Major Muhoozi". The New Vision. Archived from the original on 23 April 2006. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
  23. ↑ "Leavenworth County Gets International VIP". The Mirror. 13 June 2008. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
  24. ↑ "Some Facts On Recently Promoted Army Officers". New Vision. 29 August 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2012.
  25. ↑ "The rise of Gen Muhoozi Kainerugaba". Monitor. 9 March 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  26. ↑ "Gen Muhoozi: A man well-known without being known well (Part I)". Monitor. 22 May 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  27. ↑ "Oppose Museveni's monarchy". BBC News. 18 June 2013.
  28. ↑ "Muhoozi promoted to colonel". Daily Monitor. 24 January 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  29. ↑ "Muhoozi Promoted to Brigadier". Uganda Radionetwork. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  30. ↑ "Uganda's Museveni promotes son to special adviser role". BBC News. 10 January 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  31. ↑ "Why Museveni moved top army, police chiefs". Daily Monitor. 17 December 2020. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  32. ↑ "Gen Museveni promotes son Muhoozi to Lieutenant General". 10 February 2019. On 4 October Muhoozi's father Museveni promoted him to the rank of general, making him one of the youngest four-star generals in the world.
  33. ↑ "Kainerugaba named commander UPDF land forces". 24 June 2021.
  34. ↑ "They deserved to die, Gen Elwelu on killing 150 people in Kasese". The Observer. 28 May 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  35. ↑ "Uganda's Muhoozi Kainerugaba denies 'monarchy' plan". BBC News. 24 June 2013.
  36. ↑ Mbanga, Jeff (24 July 2013). "Uganda's succession drama that sent a general into hiding". The Africa Report.
  37. ↑ "First son reignites Muhoozi project". 4 March 2020.
  38. ↑ "Rwanda to reopen land border with Uganda after three years as relations thaw". France 24. 28 January 2022. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  39. ↑ "How the Rwanda-Uganda border crossing came to a halt". BBC News. 9 March 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  40. ↑ "Rwanda, Uganda Hold Peace Talks to Defuse Tensions". VOA. 17 September 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  41. ↑ "Presidents of Rwanda and Uganda sign pact to ease tensions". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  42. ↑ Bertrand Byishimo (14 March 2022). "Uganda's Gen. Muhoozi in Kigali to meet President Kagame". The New Times Rwanda. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  43. ↑ "Museveni's army general son meets Kagame to fix Rwanda relations". www.aljazeera.com. 14 March 2022. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
  44. ↑ "Pulkol attacks spies, SFC over abductions". Daily Monitor. 12 April 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  45. ↑ Taylor, Liam (3 March 2021). "They came in plainclothes with guns: 'Abducted' by Uganda's army". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  46. ↑ "Ugandan president's son named in ICC complaint over abductions and abuse". the Guardian. 3 May 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  47. ↑ "SFC Commander, Lt Gen Muhoozi Kainerugaba". Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  48. ↑ "Uganda's Muhoozi Kainerugaba denies 'monarchy' plan". BBC News. 24 June 2013. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  49. ↑ "Latest Promotion of Ugandan Leader's Son Sparks Talk of Succession Conspiracy | Voice of America - English". www.voanews.com. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  50. ↑ "SFC commander Muhoozi fires three tweets". Independent.
  51. ↑ "Opinion: Why Muhoozi is 'fighting' Bobi Wine on Twitter". Nile Post. 4 January 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  52. ↑ Andrew Bagala (1 January 2021). "Uganda: Gen Muhoozi Retreats After Offensive Tweet On Bobi Wine". allAfrica.com. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  53. ↑ Kakeeto, Moses (2 January 2021). "Muhoozi Vs Bobi Wine: What exactly lies at the heart of Twitter war? | Newz Post". Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  54. ↑ "Robert Kyagulanyi Ssentamu (Bobi Wine) | Profile | Africa Confidential". www.africa-confidential.com. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  55. ↑ "HENRY K. OTAFIIRE: How Gen Muhoozi Kainerugaba became a sensation overnight with his late night Twitter attacks on Bobi Wine". Watchdog Uganda. 5 January 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  56. ↑ "Kainerugaba's wife Charlotte on Spot over inflated covid-19 oxygen plants". 4 December 2020.
  57. ↑ "Aid debate time for donors to drop president Museveni". 12 February 2021.
  58. ↑ "Ugandan author detained". BBC News. 29 December 2021.
  59. ↑ "Ugandan satirical novelist and prominent critic of president arrested". Reuters. 28 December 2021.
  60. ↑ ""I will talk to Muhoozi not to tweet while drunk,"-Opondo".
  61. ↑ Uganda Peoples' Defence Forces Act, 2005. 2 September 2005 – via ulii.org.
  62. ↑ "Disregard Muhoozi's tweet backing Russia on Ukraine: Minister Oryem". The Independent. 3 March 2022.
  63. ↑ "Russia's Lavrov courts Africa in quest for more non-Western friends". Reuters. 26 July 2022.
  64. ↑ Kainerugaba, Muhoozi [@mkainerugaba] (2 May 2022). "Is he back on Twitter? This is the only white man I have ever respected! H.E. Donald Trump. https://t.co/c6uCNu7OfY" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 13 August 2022. Retrieved 7 April 2023 – via Twitter.
  65. ↑ Fiedler, Tristan (5 October 2022). "Ugandan president apologizes for general son who offered 100 cows to marry Giorgia Meloni". Politico. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  66. ↑ Chothia, Farouk (5 October 2022). "Uganda's president sorry for son Muhoozi Kainerugaba's threat to invade Kenya". BBC News. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  67. ↑ "Don't underestimate Muhoozi, Museveni tells top commanders". The Independent. 21 June 2013. Retrieved 5 March 2023.
  68. ↑ "Muhoozi: Uganda's first son is also a 'tweeting General'". The East African. 26 January 2022. Retrieved 5 March 2023.
  69. ↑ "Uganda's First Son Gen Muhoozi plans another visit to Rwanda". The East African. 2 March 2022. Retrieved 5 March 2023.
  70. ↑ Uwiringiyimana, Clement (28 January 2022). "Rwanda to re-open border with Uganda as relations thaw". Reuters.
  71. ↑ "Muhoozi de-activates Twitter account". Chimpreports. 12 April 2022.
  72. ↑ Kiggundu, Edris (6 October 2021). "Odrek Rwabwogo's "supporters" insist Museveni succession should be discussed". Nile Post. Retrieved 5 March 2023.
  73. ↑ Kainerugaba, Muhoozi [@mkainerugaba] (8 March 2022). "After 28 years of service in my glorious military, the greatest military in the world, I am happy to announce my retirement. Me and my soldiers have achieved so much! I have only love and respect for all those great men and women that achieve greatness for Uganda everyday" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 13 March 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2022 – via Twitter.
  74. ↑ "Ugandan leader's son leaves military, in move seen as preparing for presidency". Reuters. 8 March 2022.
  75. ↑ Mwenda, Andrew [@AndrewMwenda] (8 March 2022). "The real news about @mkainerugaba retirement from @UPDFspokespersn is right here! https://t.co/VWKaV1BSmb" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 13 March 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2022 – via Twitter.
  76. ↑ Waswa, Sam (12 April 2022). "Why Muhoozi Deleted Twitter Account". Chimpreports. Retrieved 9 March 2023.
  77. ↑ "Gen Muhoozi reveals his top friends, names them organizers for his 48th Birthday party". 3 April 2022.
  78. ↑ "Uganda army boss Muhoozi threatens hell on Karamoja rustlers". The East African. 23 March 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  79. ↑ "Ministry of Defense and Veteran Affairs".
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.