Murders of Jennifer Ertman and Elizabeth Peña
Elizabeth Peña (left) and Jennifer Ertman (right)
LocationOak Forest, Houston, Texas, U.S.
DateJune 24, 1993 (1993-06-24)
Attack type
Double-murder, child murder, gang rape, child rape, torture murder, kidnapping
WeaponsLigatures, belt
VictimsJennifer Ertman and Elizabeth Peña
Perpetrators
  • Peter Cantu
  • José Medellín
  • Derrick Sean O'Brien
  • Efrain Pérez
  • Raul Villarreal
  • Venancio Medellín
VerdictAll perpetrators guilty on all counts
ConvictionsCapital murder, kidnapping, aggravated sexual assault
SentenceCantu, J. Medellín, O'Brien:
Death
Pérez, Villarreal:
Death; commuted to life imprisonment with the possibility of parole after 40 years[lower-alpha 1]
V. Medellín:
40 years in prison

The rapes and murders of Jennifer Lee Ertman and Elizabeth Christine Peña, two teenage girls from Houston, Texas, aged 14 and 16, respectively, occurred on June 24, 1993. The murder of the two girls made headlines in Texas newspapers due to the nature of the crime and the new law resulting from the murder that allows families of the victims to view the execution of the murderers. The case was also notable in that the state of Texas rejected attempts by the International Court of Justice to halt several perpetrators' executions.

Peña and Ertman

Elizabeth Christine Peña (June 21, 1977 – June 24, 1993) and Jennifer Lee Ertman (August 15, 1978 – June 24, 1993) were close friends who both attended Waltrip High School.[1]

Although the girls were just over one year in age difference, both sets of parents approved of their friendship, with Peña's father viewing Ertman—a modest girl who had only recently begun experimenting with makeup—as a "positive influence" on his daughter, later recollecting that, shortly after the two became friends at Waltrip High School, Peña "just straightened up her act" following a brief streak of teenage rebellion in his daughter before her 1992 enrollment at the school.[2]

June 24, 1993

At 4:15 p.m. on June 24, 1993, Ertman's father, Randy, drove his only daughter to Peña's home. At approximately 8 p.m., Peña's mother, Melissa, drove the two girls to the home of their friend Gina Escamilla, who lived in the Spring Hill Apartments and who was hosting a pool party for her school friends. As both girls exited the car, Peña assured her mother she and her friend would be home by their agreed 11:30 p.m. curfew.[3]

When the pair realized they were going to be late returning home, they decided to leave the party to conform to the curfew both had promised their parents.[4]

Ertman and Peña decided to take a 10-minute shortcut to Peña's residence in Oak Forest by following the railroad tracks and passing through T.C. Jester Park.[5] This location was approximately one mile from Peña's home.[6]

Gang initiation

The girls were walking along White Oak Bayou when they encountered six "Black and White" gang members drinking beer shortly after holding the gang initiation ceremony of 17-year-old Raul Villarreal.[7]

Villarreal had not been a member of the Black and White gang or any gang but had engaged in this initiation ceremony whereby he had been forced to fight several gang members for five minutes successively before they judged whether to accept him. By approximately 10:30 p.m., Villarreal had successfully fought two gang members before being beaten midway through his fight with the third member. As he lay writhing and moaning on the ground after being temporarily knocked unconscious, the gang members conferred privately to discuss whether to accept Villarreal as a member.[8]

Minutes later, the leader of the gang, Peter Cantu, approached Villarreal, exclaiming: "You're in! Dude, you're a badass! You're welcome to hang with us anytime!" Villarreal then sat alongside the other gang members, relaxing, talking, trading insults and compliments, and drinking beer. Shortly thereafter, he held a beer aloft, proclaiming things were to be great.[9]

Abduction and assault

Within approximately 40 minutes of Villarreal accepting several bottles of beer from the other gang members and holding his first beer aloft,[9] Ertman and Peña passed the gang. One member, José Medellín, attempted to grope and pinch one of Peña's breasts; Peña brushed aside Medellín's hand and continued walking. In response, Medellín stated: "No, baby! Where [are] you going?" He then clasped his arm around Peña's neck, threw her to the ground, and dragged her down a gravel decline in the direction of the other gang members as Peña screamed and pleaded for help. She was then forced to remove her underwear.[10][n 1]

Ertman could have easily run to escape at this point, but ran to help her friend. She was thrown to the ground by gang members Peter Cantu and Derrick Sean O'Brien.[12]

Five of the gang members proceeded to rape both girls for more than an hour repeatedly. Both girls were raped and beaten by all but one of the gang members, 14-year-old Venancio "Yuni" Medellín, on a minimum of four occasions.[n 2] According to trial testimony, both Peña and Ertman repeatedly glanced in the direction of one another several times throughout their ordeal in likely gestures of concern and despair.[14] Both repeatedly struggled against their abusers, with Peña on at least one occasion attempting to fight off her attackers by repeatedly kicking her legs, and Ertman biting her attackers. According to later testimony, on one occasion, Peña glanced in the direction of her younger friend as she was raped by Efrain Pérez and began weeping as she observed Ertman.[15]

Murders

Realizing that the girls would be capable of identifying them, Cantu[16] ordered the members to kill the girls. He told Venancio Medellín to stay behind because he was "too little to watch." The other gang members forced the girls into a wooded area. Both girls were strangled to death.[5] Following Cantu's initial instruction, Villarreal first shouted, "Get on your knees, bitch!" to Ertman. O'Brien (the only non-Hispanic, black person in the gang) and Villarreal strangled Ertman with O'Brien's red nylon belt before breaking the belt. Both completed the act by strangling the girl with a shoelace in Peña's presence.[7][1]

As Ertman was murdered, Peña was forced to watch her friend's death as other gang members held a ligature around her neck. At first, Peña desperately attempted to appease her abusers as she wept, offering her phone number so they could "get together". She then attempted to flee. In response, Cantu tackled and repeatedly kicked the girl in her face and body, dislodging three teeth and fracturing several ribs.[17]

Cantu, José Medellín, and Pérez then strangled Peña to death with shoelaces. The gang members stomped on both girls' throats to ensure their deaths.[5]

Leaving the crime scene, Cantu handed Venancio Medellín a Goofy wristwatch taken from Ertman's body, saying, "Take this, I don't want it."[18]

Cantu dropped off José Medellín, Pérez, and Villarreal at his residence, where he lived with his brother, Joe Cantu, and sister-in-law, Christina Cantu. Christina Cantu questioned why Villarreal was bleeding, and Pérez had a bloody shirt. This prompted Medellín to say the gang "had fun" and that details would appear on the news. He, Pérez, and Villarreal then elaborated that they had raped both girls.[19]

Peter Cantu then returned and divided the valuables that had been stolen from the girls. José Medellín got a ring with an "E," so he could give it to his girlfriend, Esther. Medellín reported that he had killed a girl and noted that he would have found it easier with a gun. After the gang left, Christina Cantu convinced Joe Cantu to report the crime to the police.[20]

Discovery

Four days after the murders, the girls' bodies were found in the park during hot weather conditions.[21] Both bodies had significantly decomposed, and dental records were used for identification. O'Brien was videotaped smiling at the scene of the crime. The medical examiner corroborated that the cause of death was strangulation. All those believed responsible were ultimately arrested. Medellín gave both written and taped confessions.[22][23][24]

Sentencing and incarceration

Ellis Unit, where the death row perpetrators were initially confined

At sentencing, the offenders were remanded to the Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) system. Peter Anthony Cantu, José Ernesto Medellín, Derrick Sean O'Brien, Efrain Pérez, and Raul Omar Villarreal received death sentences. Venancio Medellín, the brother of José Medellín, testified against four of the gang members (everyone except his brother). He received a 40-year prison sentence, the maximum for a juvenile, for the sexual assault of Jennifer Ertman.

Following Roper v. Simmons, when the Supreme Court of the United States banned the executions of people who committed crimes while they were below 18 years of age, the death sentences of Pérez and Villarreal were automatically commuted to life in prison.[7] Pérez will become eligible for parole on October 10, 2029, while Villarreal will become eligible for parole on September 20, 2029.[25][26]

Cantu, O'Brien, and José Medellín were later implicated in the January 4, 1993, murder of 27-year-old Patricia Lopez.[27] Although none of them were charged (Cantu had already been sentenced to death by the time he was linked to Lopez's murder), Lopez's murder was mentioned in the sentencing phases of O'Brien and Medellín. O'Brien gave a taped confession where he admitted to being at Lopez's murder but was "too drunk to know who did what."[28] Medellín's DNA was found to be a match for DNA found at the crime scene.[29]

Executions

Derrick O'Brien was the first to be executed on July 11, 2006.[5][30]

Before his execution, O'Brien expressed his regrets for his actions to the families of Peña and Ertman. He then apologized to his family before being executed by lethal injection. In response to accusations from anti-death penalty advocates that capital punishment is a cruel and unusual form of punishment, Peña's father later remarked O'Brien's death had occurred peacefully, "in twenty seconds", adding: "I wish to God that my daughter could have died that easily. Put a needle in her arm and just go to sleep. I wish to hell he could have died the way she died."[31]

José Medellín appealed his execution, saying that he had informed City of Houston and Harris County police officers that he was a Mexican citizen and that he had been unable to confer with Mexican consular officials. The prosecutors said that Medellín never told authorities he was a Mexican citizen. Medellín said in a sworn statement that he learned that the Mexican consulate could assist him in 1997.[32] He petitioned the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals in 1998 regarding this issue; the appeal failed.[33]

The perpetrators who were under death sentences were later moved to the Allan B. Polunsky Unit.

Medellín's impending execution became an international controversy since the state did not hold a hearing about whether the inability of Medellín to meet with Mexican consular officials harmed his defense. The right of a defendant to talk with his or her consulate is specified in the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations; the United States is a party to the convention, although the U.S. withdrew from compulsory jurisdiction in 1986 to accept the court's jurisdiction only on a case-by-case basis.[34] In 2004, the International Court of Justice responded to a lawsuit filed by Mexico against the United States; the court ordered hearings to be held for inmates, including Medellín, who were denied consular rights.[35]

In 2005, President George W. Bush ordered hearings to be held. The State of Texas, represented by Solicitor General Ted Cruz, challenged Bush's order, and the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that only the Congress of the United States has the right to order hearings to be held. In July, the World Court ordered a stay of Medellín's execution. Governor Rick Perry argued that Texas is not bound to World Court rulings. Death penalty opponents protested the impending execution. The families of both Ertman and Peña strongly favored the execution(s).[5]

Huntsville Unit, the site of executions in the State of Texas

José Medellín was executed at 9:57 p.m. on August 5, 2008, after his last-minute appeals were rejected by the Supreme Court.[36] Governor Perry rejected calls from Mexico and Washington, DC, to delay the execution, citing the torture, rape, and strangulation of two teenaged girls in Houston 15 years ago as just cause for the death penalty.[37] During his lifetime, Randy Ertman advocated strongly against granting parole to Venancio Medellín.[38]

Seventeen years after the crimes, Peter Anthony Cantu was executed on August 17, 2010.[39] The lethal injection was performed at 6:09 p.m., and at 6:17 p.m., Cantu was officially pronounced dead. He declined to make a final statement before his execution.[40]

Memorials to Ertman and Peña in TC Jester Park: In the background is the railroad bridge where the two were initially attacked.

Cantu, Medellín, and O'Brien are buried at Captain Joe Byrd Cemetery.[30][41][42]

Aftermath

The parents of Pena and Ertman successfully advocated for the State of Texas to allow victims' relatives to have permission to witness executions in Texas.[7] Before the murders, Houston officials had stated that gangs were not a significant issue in the city. C.E. Anderson, a Houston Police Department officer who worked on the murder case, described the murder as "part of the impetus for the antigang programs in Houston." Jennifer Latson of the Houston Chronicle said that the deaths of the girls "shook" the Oak Forest neighborhood of Houston "to its foundation."[43]

Randy Ertman, the father of Jennifer Ertman and victims right advocate, died of lung cancer on August 18, 2014.[44] Ertman had wanted to have Andy Kahan, the City of Houston's crime advocate, to witness the executions of O'Brien and Medellín. TDCJ refused to permit Kahan to witness the execution.[45]

The Texas parole board denied parole on several occasions to Venancio Medellin, most recently in 2020.[46] Medellin is scheduled to be released in 2034.

Waltrip High School has a memorial to the girls.[47] Another memorial exists at T.C. Jester Park.[43]

They are both buried at Woodlawn Garden of Memories Cemetery.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Minutes before Peña and Ertman encountered these gang members, two other gang members, twins Frank and Ramon Sandoval, had participated in Villarreal's initiation ceremony. Although only one of the brothers had fought Villarreal, both had left the initiation ceremony minutes before both girls were abducted. Both had observed Peña and Ertmans' abduction, initial assault, and screams for help. Neither attempted to prevent the assaults or to inform the police.[11]
  2. ↑ Venancio Medellín did rape Ertman on one occasion.[13]

References

  1. 1 2 "Jennifer Ertman and Elizabeth Pena Murdered While Walking Near Houston Park 25 Years Ago". KTRK-TV. June 18, 2018. Retrieved February 20, 2021.
  2. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 p. 21
  3. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 pp. 126-127
  4. ↑ Hayes, Kevin (August 17, 2010). "Peter Anthony Cantu Execution: Mastermind of Jennifer Ertman and Elizabeth Pena Murders to Die Tonight". CBS News. Retrieved December 26, 2020.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Turner, Allan. "Medellin set to die Tuesday for Ertman-Peña killings", Houston Chronicle. August 4, 2008; retrieved March 6, 2010.
  6. ↑ "Bodies of Two Girls Discovered". Houston Chronicle. June 29, 1993. Retrieved February 20, 2021.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Graczyk, Michael. ""Convicted killer of teenage Houston girls set to die."". Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved 2010-03-06. Associated Press at MySanAntonio.com, July 10, 2006; retrieved June 26, 2009.
  8. ↑ "Raul Villarreal". The Houston Chronicle. July 21, 2011. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
  9. 1 2 Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 p. 160
  10. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 p. 166
  11. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 pp. 166-167
  12. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 pp. 197-169
  13. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 p. 174
  14. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 p. 175-176
  15. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 p. 175
  16. ↑ Clarkprosecutor.org: Peter Anthony Cantu- Reviewed 2017-05-07
  17. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 p. 179
  18. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 p. 181
  19. ↑ Allan Turner; Rosanna Ruiz (August 6, 2008). "Medellin executed for rape, murder of Houston teens". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved July 20, 2011.
  20. ↑ Murder of Jennifer Ertman and Elizabeth Peña, clarkprosecutor.org; accessed June 4, 2016.
  21. ↑ "Bodies of Two Girls Discovered: Grim Find Ends Weekend Search in Northwest Houston". Houston Chronicle. June 29, 1993. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  22. ↑ Underwood, Melissa (October 10, 2007). "Father of Murdered Girl Questions Bush's Support to Halt Killer's Execution". FOX News. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
  23. ↑ "Media Advisory: Jose Medellin Scheduled For Execution". Attorney General of Texas. July 29, 2008. Archived from the original on August 13, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
  24. ↑ "San Antonio turned from bully to savage killer". The Victoria Advocate. Associated Press. February 14, 1994. p. 5A. Retrieved June 18, 2017.
  25. ↑ "Texas Department of Criminal Justice".
  26. ↑ "Texas Department of Criminal Justice".
  27. ↑ "Sean Derrick O'Brien #1030". www.clarkprosecutor.org. Retrieved 2021-12-25.
  28. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 p. 309-310
  29. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 p. 312
  30. 1 2 Ross, Robyn. Laid to Rest in Huntsville (Archive) Texas Observer. Tuesday, March 11, 2014; retrieved March 16, 2014.
  31. ↑ Pure Murder ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2 p. 366
  32. ↑ law.justia.com
  33. ↑ law.cornell.edu
  34. ↑ Churchill, Ward. A Little Matter of Genocide, San Francisco: City Lights Books, 1997.
  35. ↑ object.cato.org
  36. ↑ Supreme Court of the United States (August 5, 2008). "José Ernesto Medellín v. Texas (Per Curiam)" (PDF). SCOTUS blog. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
  37. ↑ McKinley, James C. Jr. (August 6, 2008). "Texas Executes Mexican Despite Objections". New York Times.
  38. ↑ Watkins, Andrea, and Damali Keith. "Dad confronts parole board to keep daughter's murderer in prison" Archived 2014-03-16 at the Wayback Machine, myfoxhouston.com, September 5, 2012; accessed March 16, 2014.
  39. ↑ "Last Statement Peter Cantu." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on January 11, 2017.
  40. ↑ Tolson, Mike (2010-08-17). "Ex-gang leader executed for '93 deaths of 2 Houston girls". Houston Chronicle.
  41. ↑ "obrienderrick.jpg" (Archive Archived 2014-03-16 at the Wayback Machine). Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on January 27, 2012.
  42. ↑ "Last Statement – Derrick O'Brien" at the Texas Department of Criminal Justice profile (Archive). Retrieved on January 27, 2012.
  43. 1 2 Latson, Jennifer. Somber tribute held to the teen victims", Houston Chronicle, August 6, 2008; retrieved March 7, 2010.
  44. ↑ "Father of Brutally Murdered Teen, victims' Rights Advocate Randy Ertman Dead at 61". The Houston Chronicle. August 19, 2014. Retrieved February 20, 2021.
  45. ↑ Vogel, Chris. Victim's "Advocate Won't be Witnessing Execution" Archived 2012-03-19 at the Wayback Machine, Houston Press, July 30, 2008; retrieved March 6, 2010.
  46. ↑ "Parole Denied for Gang Member Convicted in 1993 Murders of Jennifer Ertman and Elizabeth Pena". KTRK-TV. November 14, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2020.
  47. ↑ "In Memory of Elizabeth Peña and Jennifer Ertman - 1993." Waltrip High School; retrieved March 6, 2010.

Notes

  1. ↑ The death sentences of Efrain Pérez and Raul Villarreal were commuted to life imprisonment in 2005, following Roper v. Simmons.

Cited works and further reading

  • Mitchell, Corey (2008). Pure Murder. Pinnacle Books. ISBN 978-0-786-01851-2.

Further reading

  • Mitchell, Corey. Pure Murder. Pinnacle Books, 2008. ISBN 0-7860-1851-8, 9780786018512. Available at Google Books.
  • "Peter A. Cantu, Texas Executed August 17" (Chapter 35). In: Mangino, Matthew T. The Executioner's Toll, 2010: The Crimes, Arrests, Trials, Appeals, Last Meals, Final Words and Executions of 46 Persons in the United States. McFarland & Company, April 16, 2014. ISBN 0-7864-7979-5, 9780786479795. START: p. 158.
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