Musa Khamis
Pahlevān Musa Khamis
Leader of the Malekshahi tribe, Iranian general in the war between Qajar Empire and the Ottoman Empire in 1821
BornArkavaz, Malekshahi County, Iran
DiedArkavaz, Malekshahi County, Iran
Burial
Wadi-us-Salaam, Najaf, Iraq

Musa Khamis was an Iranian general in the war between Qajar Empire and the Ottoman Empire in 1821. Also Musa Khamis was a champion in varzesh-e bāstāni and won the Pahlevan of Iran title and armband in Pahlevani traditional wrestling several times.[1][2][3]

Turkish-Persian War (1820–1823)

The Ottoman–Qajar War was fought between the Ottoman Empire and Qajar Empire from 1821 to 1823.[4][5]

The regime of Crown Prince Abbas Mirza launched an attack on Ottoman Turkey under the leadership of Mohammad Ali Mirza Dowlatshah. The war was sparked by Turkish aid to Azerbaijani rebels in Persia. The rebels had fled from Persia and were given refuge by the Ottomans. The war opened with a Persian invasion of Turkey in the Lake Van region, and a counter-invasion by the Ottoman Pasha of Baghdad (Iraq belonged to the Ottoman Empire), who invaded western Persia. This invasion force was driven back across the border, but Dowlatshah's newly modernized army of 30,000 troops defeated 50,000 Ottoman Turks in the Battle of Erzurum near Lake Van in 1821. A peace treaty in 1823 ended the war with no changes to their mutual border. Musa Khamis Persia army general in this war.[2][3][6]

In the grounds of the Pars Museum, there are reliefs of commanders present in the battle against the Ottoman Empire and the hero of Musa Khamis Garzdin Vand, the first hero of Iran in the Zandieh to mid-Qajar period and the commander of the Iranian army in the battle against the Ottoman Empire.[7]

The Battle of Erzurum occurred in 1821 as part of the Ottoman-Persian War of 1821–1823. The Persians, led by crown prince Abbas Mirza himself scored a crushing defeat over their Ottoman arch-rivals near Erzurum, securing a Persian victory.

The Persians were heavily outnumbered with 30,000 men, led by Crown Prince Abbas Mirza, against the Turks with 50,000 men. However, the Persian army had recently been undergoing new modernisations according to the most up to date European models, with the leadership of Abbas Mirza's brother, Dowlatshah, as part of the modernising policy known as Nezam-e Jadid.[3][8]

Mohammad Taqi Khan Sepehr In the writing of history Naskhaltvarykh Sepehr -The History of Sepehr- in the presence of Musa Khamis champion in the army of Prince Dowlatshah wrote her - Prince Mohammed Ali Mirza Dvltshah- days the sun on his head, made the tour of Musa Khamis and of the British teacher English -Officers (armed forces) responsible Jew's-harp and Artillery - house with a group of soldiers and artillery and Znbvrkkhanh ride through the valley seen as hostile and did not retrograde Bfrstad to suddenly become the enemy and fight the army of the testing and data movement and Right and left Direction Over the brow of the hill climb and the soil of independent work hard to seek help and wept. Then came the army. The throes of two top heroes and mouth Saqhbar ball gun and the man's blood ruby and coral species of the soil. Romans (Ottoman) did not hesitate to allow, back to war once they turn away.[2][3][9]


Mahmoud Pasha Baban (ruling in force, current Sulaymaniyah) and Sultan Mahmut II, the Ottoman Vizier Mohammad Agha Kahya quickly in the camp fled to Kirkuk and artillery Ottoman prince fell easily into the hands of forces. Mohammad Ali Mirza Dowlatshah went to Sulaymaniyah Abdullah pasha, uncle Lypasha (governor of Diyarbakir time) earlier fled to Iran and he had taken refuge, was appointed to the city by force. It was the beginning of the month of Muharram and the Prince temporarily stopped fighting and remain confidant in Sulaimaniyah. Muharram and reach zero by the end of 1821 and to open up tents outside Baghdad fair division. But he was awaiting death.[10]

References

  1. ↑ "پهلوانان نمی‌میرند!" [Warriors don't die!]. www.cgie.org.ir (in Persian). Retrieved 13 August 2018.
    - "فرهنگ لوطی گری و پهلوانی در آیینه تاریخ اجتماعی" [Luti and Pahlavi culture in the mirror of social history]. ایران آنلاین (in Persian). Retrieved 22 January 2017.
    - "آیین پهلوانی" [Pahlavi religion] (in Persian). 9 August 2014. Archived from the original on 9 August 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  2. 1 2 3 رشد, سایت مجلات. "فتح‌نامه ایل ملکشاهی" [Fathnameh of the Malekshahi family]. www.roshdmag.ir (in Persian). Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "فتح نامه ایل ملکشاهی - تاریخ محلی" [Tahnameh of the Malekshahi family - local history]. Local History of Iran (in Persian). Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  4. ↑ Martin Sicker (2001). The Islamic World in Decline: From the Treaty of Karlowitz to the Disintegration of the Ottoman Empire. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 118. ISBN 9780275968915.
    - "فرهنگ لوطی گری و پهلوانی در آیینه تاریخ اجتماعی" [Luti and Pahlavi culture in the mirror of social history]. ایران آنلاین (in Persian). Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  5. ↑ "موزه پارس؛ قدیمی ترین موزه در فارس" [Pars Museum; The oldest museum in Fars]. Nim Nagh (in Persian). No. 5185. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  6. ↑ "من العشائر الكوردية . ملكشاه والملكشاهية" [From the Kurdish clans. Malakshah and Malakshahiyyah]. GILGAMISH (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 22 August 2015. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
    - "ایل کرد ملکشاهی چمزی در یک نگاه" [Yael Kurd Malekshahi Chamzai at a glance] (in Persian). Educational Research and Planning Organization. Archived from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
    - "امضای عهدنامه ارزروم" [The meaning of the Erzurum treaty]. روزنامه تعادل (in Persian). Retrieved 13 August 2018.
    - افشار سیستانی, ایرج. "ایلام‌ و تمدن‌ دیرینه‌ آن‌" [Ilam and its ancient civilization] (in Persian). Dar al-Hadith Scientific-Cultural Institute. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
  7. ↑ "موزه پارس؛ قدیمی ترین موزه در فارس :". Nim Nagh. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
    - "رسانه مجازی نگاه - باغ موزه نظر شیراز - ايران، طبيعت و صنايع دستی". www.negahmedia.ir. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
    - "ایران زیباست/ باغ نظر شیراز". iran-onlin.ir. Retrieved 25 August 2021.
  8. ↑ Spencer C. Tucker, ed. (2010). A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle. Vol. III. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. p. 1140. ISBN 9781851096671.
  9. ↑ "شخصية تاريخية كردية بهلوان موسي خميس". كوردستريت (in Arabic). 19 February 2017. Retrieved 13 August 2018.
  10. ↑ "آیین پهلوانی". 9 August 2014. Archived from the original on 9 August 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
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