Musavat
TypeWeekly newspaper
Founder(s)Sayyid Muhammad Riza Shirazi
Founded3 October 1907
LanguagePersian
Ceased publication1909
HeadquartersTabriz
CountryIran

Musavat (Mosāwāt; Persian: Equality) was a weekly newspaper being one of the publications that were started following the Iranian constitutional revolution.[1] It is known for being the most radical title[1] and was one of the most successful publications of this period.[2] The paper headquartered in Tabriz and existed between 1907 and 1909.

History and profile

Musavat was first published on 3 October 1907.[3] Its founder and editor was Sayyid Muhammad Riza Shirazi who was a member of the secret organization, Revolutionary Committee, established to encourage the constitutional rule in Iran.[2][4]

Musavat was based in Tabriz and had also offices in Tehran.[5] It was published on a weekly basis.[1] The paper was a supporter of the constitutionalism and argued that the constitutional rule would bring freedom to the country.[1] It frequently attacked the Qajar ruler Mohammad Ali Shah.[2][3] It was extremely popular among the poor people and women due to its focus on the needs of these groups.[1]

Musavat sold nearly 3,000 copies.[2] The paper ceased publication in 1909,[5] and Sayyid Muhammad Riza Musavat went into exile following the end of the constitutional regime.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Negin Nabavi (2005). "Spreading the Word: Iran's First Constitutional Press and the Shaping of a 'New Era'". Middle East Critique. 14 (3): 310, 319–320. doi:10.1080/10669920500280656. S2CID 144228247.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Ali Akabr Saidi Sirjani (15 December 1992). "Constitutional revolution. Press". Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. VI. pp. 202–212.
  3. 1 2 Iago Gocheleishvili (February 2007). "Georgian Sources on the Iranian Constitutional Revolution (1905-1911): Sergo Gamdlishvili's Memoirs of the Gilan Resistance". Iranian Studies. 40 (1): 60. doi:10.1080/00210860601138632. JSTOR 4311875. S2CID 153631653.
  4. ↑ Ervand Abrahamian (1979). "The Causes of the Constitutional Revolution in Iran". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 10 (3): 408. doi:10.1017/S0020743800000179. JSTOR 162146. S2CID 162341446.
  5. 1 2 Nader Sohrabi (May 1995). "Historicizing Revolutions: Constitutional Revolutions in the Ottoman Empire, Iran, and Russia, 1905-1908". American Journal of Sociology. 100 (6): 1447. doi:10.1086/230667. JSTOR 2782676. S2CID 144939087.
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