Myosotis goyenii subsp. infima
Flowers of Myosotis goyenii subsp. infima
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Boraginales
Family: Boraginaceae
Genus: Myosotis
Species:
M. goyenii
Subspecies:
M. g. subsp. infima
Trinomial name
Myosotis goyenii subsp. infima
Meudt & Heenan[1]

Myosotis goyenii subsp. infima Meudt & Heenan is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to central South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt and Peter Heenan described this subspecies in 2021. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes which form caespitose clumps, with ebracteate, erect inflorescences, and white corollas with fully incluced stamens.

Taxonomy and etymology

Myosotis goyenii subsp. infima Meudt & Heenan is in the plant family Boraginaceae.[2] The subspecies was described by Heidi Meudt and Peter Heenan in 2021.[1]

The holotype was collected by Peter Heenan and Miles Giller in Canterbury, Waipara, South Dean and is lodged at the Allan Herbarium of Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research (CHR 666639).[3] There is also an isotype is lodged at the herbarium of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (WELT SP111309).[1][4]

The subspecific epithet, infima, means lowest or lowermost in Latin (infimus),[5] and refers to the filaments in the flower which are attached much lower in the corolla tube than those of M. goyenii subsp. goyenii.[1]

This is one of two subspecies recognized in Myosotis goyenii; the other is M. goyenii subsp. goyenii.[1] The subspecies are allopatric, with M. goyenii subsp. infima found on limestone and calcareous siltstone in Marlborough and Canterbury and M. goyenii subsp. goyenii occupying schist rocks in Southland and Otago.[1]

M. goyenii subsp. infima plants can be distinguished from M. goyenii subsp. goyenii by its caespitose clumps of multiple rosettes that have fibrous roots, and have flowers with a short style (< 6 mm), pistil that is < 1.5× longer than the calyx, filaments attached > 1 mm below the faucal scales, and anthers fully included. By contrast, plants of M. goyenii subsp. infima form clumps of single rosettes that have a central woody taproot, and the following floral characteristics: a long style (> 6 mm), pistil that is 1.6–2.8× longer than the calyx, filaments attached < 1 mm below the scales, and anthers only partly included (with the tips equal to or just surpassing the scales).[1][6]

Phylogeny

Myosotis goyenii was shown to be a part of the monophyletic southern hemisphere lineage of Myosotis in phylogenetic analyses of standard DNA sequencing markers (nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast DNA regions).[7][8] Within the southern hemisphere lineage, species relationships were not well resolved.[7][8] Of the three individuals of M. goyenii sequenced in these studies, one is from Canterbury (M. goyenii subsp. infima).[7][8]

Description

Myosotis goyenii subsp. infima plants are single rosettes with fibrous roots that often grow together to form caespitose clumps or tufts. The rosette leaves have petioles 10–48 mm long. The rosette leaf blades are 7–40 mm long by 3–11 mm wide (length: width ratio 2.2–5.3: 1), usually narrowly oblanceolate, oblanceolate or narrowly obovate, widest at or above the middle (rarely below the middle), with an acute apex (rarely obtuse). Both surfaces and the edges of the leaf are densely covered in straight, appressed, antrorse (forward-facing) hairs that are oriented parallel to the mid vein. Each rosette has 2–40 erect, usually once-branched (sometimes unbranched), ebracteate inflorescences that are up to 350 mm long and are usually bifurcating in an open, forked 'V' shape near the tips. The cauline leaves are up to 8 per inflorescence and are similar to the rosette leaves but smaller with shorter petioles, and decrease in size toward the tip. Each inflorescence has up to 26 flowers, each borne on a pedicel up to 3 mm long at fruiting, and each without a bract. The calyx is 3–5 mm long at flowering and 4–6 mm long at fruiting, lobed to half to almost all of its length, and densely covered in antrorse, straight to flexuous, appressed to patent hairs. The corolla is white, up to 14 mm in diameter, with a cylindrical tube, petals that are broadly ovate, obovate, broadly obovate or broadly obovate, and small yellow scales alternating with the petals. The stamens are 4.5–6.3 mm long (measured from the base of the calyx to the anther tips) with filaments 0.4–0.7 mm long that are attached to the corolla tube > 1 mm below the base of the scales. The anthers are fully included in the corolla tube. The pistil is 5–7 mm long with a style that is 3–6 mm long at fruiting. The four smooth, shiny, light to dark brown nutlets are 1.7–2.7 mm long by 1.0–1.3 mm wide and narrowly ovoid in shape.[1]

The chromosome number of M. goyenii subsp. infima is unknown.

The pollen of M. goyenii subsp. infima is unknown.

It flowers and fruits from October–June, with the main flowering and fruiting period in January.[1]

Distribution and habitat

Myosotis goyenii subsp. infima is a forget-me-not endemic to Marlborough and Canterbury in the South Island of New Zealand, from 450–1200 m ASL. It is found on rock (limestone and calcareous siltstone) slopes, outcrops, crevices and escarpments.[1]

Conservation status

The subspecies M. goyenii subsp. infima was assessed (as taxonomically indeterminate Myosotis "Waipapa") as being Data Deficient.[9] It was not yet assessed in the most recent assessment (2017-2018) under the New Zealand Threatened Classification system for plants.[10][1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Meudt, Heidi (2021). "Taxonomic revision of five species groups of ebracteate-erect Myosotis (Boraginaceae) endemic to New Zealand, based on morphology, and description of new subspecies". Australian Systematic Botany. 34 (3): 252–304. doi:10.1071/SB20028.
  2. ↑ Moore, L.B. "Boraginaceae. In 'Flora of New Zealand'. (Ed. HH Allan) Vol. 1, pp. 806–833". (Government Printer: Wellington, New Zealand) floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  3. ↑ "Holotype of Myosotis goyenii subsp. infima". scd.landcareresearch.co.nz. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  4. ↑ "Isotype of Myosotis goyenii subsp. infima". collections.tepapa.govt.nz. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  5. ↑ Stearn, William T. (1998). Botanical Latin. Portland, OR, USA: Timber Press, Inc.
  6. ↑ "Meet three new subspecies of forget-me-nots". Te Papa’s Blog. 13 December 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  7. 1 2 3 Winkworth, Richard C.; Grau, Jürke; Robertson, Alastair William; Lockhart, Peter J. (1 August 2002). "The origins and evolution of the genus Myosotis L. (Boraginaceae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 24 (2): 180–193. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00210-5. PMID 12144755.
  8. 1 2 3 Meudt, Heidi M.; Prebble, Jessica M.; Lehnebach, Carlos A. (2015). "Native New Zealand forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae) comprise a Pleistocene species radiation with very low genetic divergence". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 301 (5): 1455–1471. doi:10.1007/s00606-014-1166-x. ISSN 2199-6881.
  9. ↑ Peter Heenan; Geoff Rogers (2019), Conserving the Plants of Eastern South Island Limestone. Ngā tipu o te pākeho: Ngā tipu ō te pākeho (PDF), Christchurch: Canterbury Botanical Society, Wikidata Q114188283
  10. ↑ Lange, Peter J. de; Rolfe, Jeremy R.; Barkla, John W.; Courtney, Shannel P.; Champion, Paul D.; Perrie, Leon R.; Beadel, Sarah M.; Ford, Kerry A.; Breitwieser, Ilse; Schönberger, Ines; Hindmarsh-Walls, Rowan (May 2018). "Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017" (PDF). New Zealand Threat Classification Series. 22: 45. OCLC 1041649797.
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