Nanette Salomons Cohen
Bornc. 1764
Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands
Died7 April 1833
Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
CitizenshipDutch
Known forbeing the grandmother of Karl Marx and the great-grandmother of Gerard Philips and Anton Philips
SpouseIsaac Heymans Pressburg
ChildrenHijam
Henriette
David
Marcus Martin
Sophie
Parent(s)Shlomo ben David Cohen-Chazzan
Sara bat Mordechai Brandeis
RelativesLevy Barent Cohen (uncle)
Heinrich Marx (son-in-law)
Lion Philips (son-in-law)
Nijmegen Synagogue where Nanette's husband was cantor

Nanette Salomons Cohen (after marriage, Nanette Pressburg; c 1764 – 1833) was a Dutch citizen known for being the maternal grandmother of Karl Marx, the socialist philosopher and economist.

Life

Nanette Salomons Cohen was born in 1764. Her parents were Shlomo ben David Cohen-Chazzan (1731–1804) and Sara bat Mordechai Brandeis (1736–1810) (sometimes called Barent-Cohen) in Amsterdam, the family belonging to Amsterdam's Jewish community. Her paternal grandfather was Barent Cohen, a wealthy merchant.

In 1785, Nanette Cohen married Isaac Heymans Pressburg (1747–1832) of Nijmegen.[1] The Pressburgs were a prosperous family, Isaac working as a textile merchant. They were leading members of Nijmegen's Jewish community, Isaac acting as cantor of the synagogue where his father, Hirschl (or Chaim) Pressburg, had been the rabbi.[2] They initially lived in Nonnenstraat near the synagogue, before moving to a larger house on Grotestraat in 1808.[3]

Nanette died in Nijmegen on April 7, 1833, at the age of 69, her husband having died the previous year.

Children and their legacy

Isaac and Nanette Pressburg had five children, three boys and two girls.[1] The first, Hijam, was born on August 16, 1786; followed by Henriette on September 20, 1788; David on February 5 1791; Marcus Martin on November 22, 1793; and finally Sophie on November 15, 1797.

In 1814, Henriette married Hirschel (later Heinrich) Marx in the Nijmegen Synagogue,[4] the couple moving to Heinrich's home town of Trier in the Rhineland, where Heinrich worked successfully as a lawyer. Their nine children included Karl Marx.[5]

In 1820, Sophie married the tobacco merchant Lion Philips, moving to the Dutch town of Zaltbommel. After Nanette's death, Lion Philips acted as trustee for her legacy on behalf of the family.[2] Karl Marx, their nephew, occasionally visited the Philips family, and regularly corresponded with Lion.[6] Lion and Sophie's son Frederik and grandson Gerard Philips founded the Philips Electronics Company in 1891.[1]

Although both daughters and their immediate families converted from Judaism to Christianity – Henriette in 1825 and Sophie in 1826 – they remained in regular contact with their mother,[7][2] one of Karl Marx's younger brothers being born in Nijmegen.[3]

Of the Pressburgs' sons, David became a lawyer in Amsterdam and later in Paramaribo in Surinam, while Marcus remained in Nijmegen in the tobacco trade.[6]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Klaus (1 January 2008). "Westdeutsche Gesellschaft für Familienkunde e.V. Sitz Köln - Bezirksgruppe Krefeld (A walk through Nijmegen: A communist and founder of Philips have same roots. (In German) West German Family Research Society, Krefeld Journal nr 23, 1.1.2008)" (PDF). Retrieved 24 June 2019.
  2. 1 2 3 "Karl Marx". Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. 37: 57–58. 2004. ISBN 0198613873.
  3. 1 2 "De 14e maart en de familie Presburg". gerritkurvers (in Dutch). 19 March 2016. Retrieved 24 June 2019.
  4. ↑ Marx family documents: Henriette Presburg (1814) & Sophia Schmalhausen (née Marx) 1883.(Manfred Schöncke: Karl und Heinrich Marx und ihre Geschwister. pp 140–1 & 554. (In German) Köln 1993. ISBN 9783891441855)
  5. ↑ McLellan, Feuer, David, Lewis. "Karl Marx". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved May 14, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. 1 2 Goedkoop, Hans; Zandvliet, Kees (2015). IJzeren Eeuw (in Dutch). Zutphen: Walburg Press. ISBN 9789057303418.
  7. ↑ David McLellan. Karl Marx: A biography, pp 3-7. London 1973/1995 ISBN 9780333639474.

Sources

  • Genealogical information:
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