Lambda Chi Alpha
ΛΧΑ
FoundedNovember 2, 1909 (1909-11-02)
Boston University
TypeSocial
AffiliationNIC
ScopeUnited States, Canada, and Australia
MottoPer Crucem Crescens
(Crescent through the Cross)

Χαλεπά τά καλὰ
(Naught Without Labor)

Vir Quisque Vir
(Every Man a Man)
Colors  Royal Purple
  Kelly Green
  Old Gold
SymbolCross and Crescent
Flag
FlowerWhite Rose
MascotLion rampant
PublicationCross and Crescent, Paedagogus, Zeta Zephyr, and Purple, Green and Gold
PhilanthropyFeeding America, Movember, The Jed Foundation and American Red Cross
Chapters185 active, 322 chartered
MembersOver 8,600 collegiate
Over 300,000 lifetime
NicknamesLambda Chis, Lambda, LCA, LXA, and Chops
Headquarters10 W. Carmel Dr., Suite 220
Carmel, IN 46032
U.S.
WebsiteOfficial website
[1][2]

Lambda Chi Alpha (ΛΧΑ), commonly known as Lambda, is a college fraternity in North America. It was founded at Boston University in 1909.[3] Lambda Chi Alpha is one of the largest social fraternities in North America with over 300,000 lifetime members and active chapters and colonies at 195 universities.[4]

The youngest of the 15 largest social fraternities, Lambda Chi Alpha has initiated the third-highest number of men among all fraternities, based on NIC statistics. Lambda Chi's international headquarters is located in Carmel, Indiana, outside Indianapolis. Its members are referred to as Lambda Chis, LXAs, LCAs, Lambdas, Chops, and Choppers. Lambda Chi Alpha is a member of the North American Interfraternity Conference (NIC). Lambda Chi Alpha briefly left the conference in October 2015[5] before rejoining in November 2023.[6]

History

Founding

Lambda Chi Alpha was founded by Warren A. Cole, a law student at Boston University School of Law in Boston. There are two different accounts of the fraternity's founding.[7]

The official story told by Cole and Albert Cross is that on November 2, 1909, Cole, Percival C. Morse, and Clyde K. Nichols reorganized the Cosmopolitan Law Club, a society of Boston University law students into the Loyal Collegiate Associates, which was renamed Lambda Chi Alpha in 1912.[8] All were close friends and had been members of Alpha Mu Chi, a prep school fraternity. The Greek letter name is thought to have been used from the beginning, but is not recorded in the Alpha Zeta minutes until April 27, 1910.[7]

A second account of the founding, based on interviews with contemporaries, is that Cole and others did belong to a loose group known as the Tombs or Cosmopolitan Club but this was not related to Lambda Chi Alpha's founding. Instead, according to the alternative account, Cole shared an apartment with James C. McDonald and Charles W. Proctor, who later joined Sigma Alpha Epsilon. Cole then established his own fraternity with Ralph S. Miles, Harold W. Bridge, Percival C. Morse on November 23, 1911. The group issued a charter for itself that was backdated to November 15.[7]

Cole approached many local groups at colleges and universities throughout the Northeast seeking others willing to join his new fraternity. He corresponded with or visited 117 institutions by 1912, when a group at Massachusetts Agricultural College accepted a charter to become Gamma Zeta.[9] The first General Assembly, establishing a structure for the national fraternity, was held in Boston on April 13, 1912.

The fraternity held its second general assembly in Boston on March 22, 1913 in which the fraternity adopted its secret motto, ritual insignia including its badge and coat of arms, and the basic organizational structure. Lambda Chi Alpha virtually replaced the fraternity Cole had established outside of its name.[10] The 14th General Assembly, in 1931, recognized March 22 as Lambda Chi Alpha Day in recognition of these achievements. In 1942, the board of directors renamed it Founder's Day. November 2, 1909 is also still recognized, so Lambda Chi Alpha celebrates two Founders Days annually.[10]

In the years that followed, a divide opened between Cole and a group of young alumni led by Mason, Ernst J.C. Fischer of Lambda Chi's Cornell University chapter in Ithaca, New York, and Samuel Dyer of the University of Maine chapter in Orono, Maine. Dyer was supported by Albert Cross at the University of Pennsylvania chapter in Philadelphia and Louis Robbins of the Brown University chapter in Providence, Rhode Island.[10] In 1920, Cole was ousted and Fischer was elected national president. In 1927, Fischer became international president when Epsilon-Epsilon Zeta at the University of Toronto in Toronto was chartered.[11]

Theta Kappa Nu

The Theta Kappa Nu fraternity was formed by 11 local fraternities on June 9, 1924 in Springfield, Missouri.

With the help of the North American Interfraternity Conference in identifying local groups, and Theta Kappa Nu's policy of granting charters quickly to organizations with good academic standards, the fraternity grew quickly, and had approximately 2,500 initiates in 40 chapters by the end of 1926.[12]

Merger

During the Great Depression, both Theta Kappa Nu and Lambda Chi Alpha saw membership decrease and chapters shut down. In 1939, the two fraternities agreed to merge.[13] The merger ceremony was held at Howard College (now Samford University) chapter of Theta Kappa Nu in Birmingham, Alabama. The merger immediately increased the number of chapters from 77 to 105[14] (or 78 to 106)[15] and the number of members from 20,000 to 27,000. At the time, this was the largest merger in fraternity history.[14] All Theta Kappa Nu chapters became Lambda Chi Alpha chapters and were given chapter designations that began with either Theta, Kappa, or Nu.[16] At schools where chapters of both fraternities previously existed, the two merged and retained Lambda Chi's Zeta recognition.

Smoot

This plaque on Harvard Bridge in Cambridge, Massachusetts documents the smoot, a Lambda Chi Alpha stunt by MIT brothers in 1958
The smoot mark on Harvard Bridge in Cambridge, Massachusetts

In October 1958, a Lambda Chi pledge at MIT, Oliver R. Smoot, gained global recognition when his MIT fraternity brothers had him lay down repeatedly on Harvard Bridge between Boston and Cambridge while they measured the bridge using his height, which turned out to be 5 feet 7 inches. Smoot's height was defined as one "smoot", and Harvard Bridge was officially measured as 364.4 smoots (2,035 ft; 620.1 m) smoots long. The measurement is commemorated with a plaque on Harvard Bridge describing the incident.

In 2011, the word "smoot" and its definition were added to the fifth edition of the American Heritage Dictionary.[17][18]

North American Interfraternity Conference

The fraternity was a member of the North American Interfraternity Conference (NIC) from its earliest days. In October 2015, however, the fraternity left the NIC, citing in-fighting and dysfunctional governance. The fraternity's exit coincides with NIC lobbying for the Safe Campus Act, which is opposed by both the fraternity and sexual assault advocacy groups.[5][19]

Pledging and hazing policy

Beginning in August 1969, the concept of fraternity education replaced pledge education at Lambda Chi Alpha.[20] The fraternity education program was designed to integrate all new members into the chapter equally.[21]

In 1972, Lambda Chi Alpha officially abolished the pledge process and replaced it with associate membership. Associate members in Lambda Chi Alpha to this day have all of the same rights as initiated brothers, can hold officer positions, wear the letters, and can vote on all issues except for those involving Lambda Chi's initiation ritual. Status as an associate member permits new members to enter the fraternity with respect, and helps to combat the issues that arise from the possible abuse of pledges. Lambda Chi Alpha was the first fraternal organization to abolish pledging. "Pledge implies a second-class membership, indentured servitude, hazing, class officers, and extensive memorization. Pledge implies a fixed length of menial membership that is used as a gateway to full membership, with often significantly lower expectations," according to Paedagogus, published by the fraternity.[22]

Lambda Chi Alpha formally prohibits hazing of any form, on or off campus, by its members. The fraternity's constitution defines hazing as "any action taken or situation created intentionally to produce physical discomfort or mental discomfort by embarrassment, harassment, or ridicule."[23] The fraternity first condemned hazing at a 1928 North American Interfraternity Conference meeting.

20th century

In 1958, the fraternity expelled its Hamilton College chapter in Clinton, New York, for insisting on a non-discrimination policy for admitting members. The national fraternity insisted that its members be Christians who were either white or American Indians.[24] The expelled chapter reorganized as an independent society called Gryphon, which continued to operate for more than two decades.

In 1988, James Callahan, an associate at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, died of an alcohol overdose from a Lambda Chi Alpha drinking hazing ritual. Fifteen members of the chapter were indicted for his death.[25]

2000s

In 2007, Remy Okonkwo, a member at Georgetown College in Georgetown, Kentucky, was found hanging in the fraternity house on campus. The coroner ruled his death a suicide but his family still believes foul play was involved.[26]

In 2008, the chapter at San Diego State University in San Diego was suspended by the university for four years for hazing and alcohol violations.[27]

In 2009, the chapter at University of Southern California in Los Angeles was suspended after three women accused members of sexual assault. In 2011, the chapter was disciplined again for hazing new members.[28]

2010s

In 2011, the chapter at Florida State University in Tallahassee, Florida was suspended after a sorority member whose identical twin sister was dating the fraternity member who shot and killed her inside the house.[29][30]

In 2012, the University of Nevada, Reno chapter in Reno, Nevada was suspended by the university and the fraternity's board of directors. The chapter had been on probation for alcohol-related violations.[31]

In 2013, the chapter at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee was suspended as a result of hazing and alcohol-related violations.[32]

In May 2014, following a yearlong investigation, seven members at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign were arrested and charged with using and distributing illegal drugs. Police found MDMA pills, 40 grams of MDMA powder, cocaine residue, Adderall pills, suspected LSD, cannabis, a large tank of nitrous oxide, and drug paraphernalia in the fraternity house.[33] As a place to purchase drugs, the fraternity had reportedly gained the nickname "the candy shop", according to The News-Gazette.[34]

In October 2014, the Lambda Chi Alpha General Fraternity (LCAGF) board of directors voted to suspend its Lambda Zeta chapter at the MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts for at least five years due to "conduct that does not support the fraternity's priority of providing a healthy chapter environment for its members."[35]

In January 2015, the chapter at Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, Texas, was suspended until 2019 for multiple alcohol violations.[36]

In March 2015, the chapter at East Tennessee State University in Johnson City, Tennessee was suspended for five years for hazing associate members, accepting ineligible members, and hosting unauthorized parties with alcohol present.[37]

In February 2016, the chapter at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville in Knoxville, Tennessee was shut down after repeated hazing violations and disorderly conduct reports.[38]

In March 2016, the chapter at Southern Methodist University in University Park, Texas was given a five-year suspension for hazing and code of conduct violations. The fraternity was previously suspended in 2009 for similar infractions that led to the expulsion of 35 out of its 92 members.[39]

In May 2016, the fraternity's national office suspended the chapter at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon after a Lambda Chi Alpha cooler was discovered among a half-mile-wide swath of trash left behind at Lake Shasta. An estimated 1,000 students had docked houseboats over the weekend, but a photo of the cooler decorated with the phrase "Do you wanna do some blow man?" had gone viral on the Internet.[40]

In August 2016, Colson Machlitt, a football player at Georgetown College in Georgetown, Kentucky, died after allegedly jumping down a flight of stairs at the fraternity. Alcohol was suspected to be involved in his death.[41]

The chapter at Butler University in Indianapolis was suspended by the school without citing a specific reason, although the Indianapolis Star reported that alcohol violations played a part. The university said it would not consider reinstating the chapter until 2021.[42] Following the suspension, a woman filed a civil rights complaint against the university, saying that it grossly mishandled her allegation that she was raped by a member of the fraternity during a fraternity party. The fraternity member had previously been accused of sexual misconduct by another student.[43]

In April 2018, the chapter at Cal Poly, SLO in San Luis Obispo, California,[44] was placed on interim suspension after social media images surfaced depicting members dressed up as gang members and one wearing blackface during the school's multicultural celebration weekend.[45]

The Indiana University-Bloomington chapter in Bloomington, Indiana, was placed under a two-year suspension after an associate member reported hazing activities occurring in the chapter house to the university. Reports of brutal physical exercise, liquor hazing, and the act of capping were mentioned in the report. In response, the fraternity's national office removed over 100 members, who will be able to fully recolonize in fall 2021.

In 2019, the chapter at the University of South Carolina in Columbia, South Carolina, was kicked off campus until 2023 for hazing and alcohol violations. The chapter also was suspended for breaking other rules established by the fraternity's national office.[46]

2020s

In 2020, the University of Georgia chapter in Athens, Georgia, was suspended after racist and other insensitive text messages between members were exposed by a fellow student on Twitter.[47]

The Texas Christian University chapter in Fort Worth, Texas was suspended following an investigation into hazing violations.[48]

Philanthropy

From 1993 to 2012, Lambda Chi Alpha's philanthropy was the North American Food Drive (NAFD). As of 2010, NAFD had collected around 33 million pounds of food for food banks.[49] In 2012, NAFD was discontinued under that name and rolled into an ongoing partnership with Feeding America.[50]

In 2017, Lambda Chi Alpha announced a trial partnership with the St. Baldrick's Foundation, a Monrovia, California-based organization that funds childhood cancer research. Chapters were encouraged to host or participate in head-shaving events to raise money for the foundation.[51]

In 2019, Lambda Chi Alpha announced a partnership with The Jed Foundation, a Boston-based non-profit organization that seeks to protect emotional health and prevent suicide for teens and young adults. Together, they are launching Lambda Chi Alpha Lifeline, an online mental health resource center tailored from the foundation's ULifeline website, which provides college students with information about emotional health issues and specific resources available to them on their respective campuses. It also offers a confidential mental health self-screening tool.[52]

In 2020, Lambda Chi Alpha announced its partnership with Movember, an Australia-based non-profit foundation that raises awareness of men's health issues such as prostate cancer, testicular cancer, and men's suicide. Movember has recently become a primary philanthropic focus for Lambda Chi Alpha and the fraternity's national administrative office.[53]

In 2023, Lambda Chi Alpha announced its partnership with American Red Cross, a nonprofit humanitarian organization that provides emergency assistance, disaster relief, and disaster preparedness education in the United States. Lambda Chi Alpha is the first and only fraternity with a partnership with The American Red Cross.[53]

Notable members

Chapters

Chapter locations

Chapters of Lambda Chi Alpha exist in most U.S. states and three Canadian provinces.

Chapter naming

Lambda Chi Alpha is atypical in its naming scheme. Unlike most fraternities, the order in which chapters are named is not strictly based on the Greek alphabet. Instead, Lambda Chi Alpha chapters are known as Zetas. As such, for instance, the Alpha-Beta chapter is designated Alpha-Beta Zeta. In addition, since the fraternity's founding, Cole assigned Greek letters to petitioning groups that had not yet been chartered. Not all of these groups were chartered, however. As a result, the first 22 chapters were designated Α, Γ, Ε, Ζ, Ι, Λ, Β, Σ, Φ, Δ, Π, Ο, Μ, Τ, Η, Θ, Υ, Ξ, Χ, Ω, Κ, Ν, Ρ, Ψ. After the 24th chapter, the sequence was continued with a prefix following the same sequence (Α-Α, Α-Γ, Α-Ε, ... Γ-Α, Γ-Γ, Γ-Ε, ... Ε-A, etc.)

When Theta Kappa Nu merged with Lambda Chi Alpha in 1939, the former Theta Kappa Nu chapters were each given chapter designations prefixed with Θ, Κ, or Ν. The second letter of their chapter name was assigned in the order mentioned above and applied to the chapters in order of their precedence in Theta Kappa Nu. On campuses with chapters of both Lambda Chi Alpha and Theta Kappa Nu, the chapter of Lambda Chi Alpha kept its original designation.

A singular exception was the chapter at Georgia Tech in Atlanta, Β-Κ Zeta, which was named in recognition of its existence as a chapter of the Beta Kappa, a national fraternity whose other existing chapters merged with Theta Chi in 1942.[54]

Headquarters locations

Lambda Chi Alpha was founded in Boston in 1909, and for the first decade The Fraternity lacked a central office. Records were divided between the homes of Grand High Alpha Warren Cole in Swansea, MA and Registrar Samuel Dyer in Attleboro, MA.[55] It was then moved to Northeastern Pennsylvania and eventually to Indianapolis, Indiana, where many other fraternity and sorority national headquarters are located.[56]

Lambda Chi Alpha is referenced in the Kenny Chesney song "Keg in the Closet", which includes the lyrics: "This ol' guitar taught me how to score, right there on that Lambda Chi porch, Mary Ann taught me a little more, about wanting what you can't have."[67] Chesney is a Lambda Chi brother from the Iota-Omicron chapter at East Tennessee State University.

In 2023, the University of New Orleans chapter was featured in season seven of the Netflix series, Queer Eye.[68]

See also

Notes and references

  1. ↑ Chapter count, avg undergraduate membership and total initiates noted on the national website homepage, accessed 21 Oct 2021.
  2. ↑ Lambda Chi Alpha Chapter Directory lambdachi.org, accessed January 13, 2014.
  3. ↑ fuelvm. "Home". Lambda Chi Alpha. Retrieved 2018-07-21.
  4. ↑ "Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity, Feeding America Partnership Raises 2.4 million pounds of food | LCA Fraternity". Archived from the original on 2015-03-08. Retrieved 2015-03-01.
  5. 1 2 Kingkade, Tyler (October 27, 2015). "Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity Leaves National Umbrella Group Amid Controversial Lobbying". Huffington Post. Retrieved November 4, 2015.
  6. ↑ Brewer, Hillary (2023-11-28). "NIC welcomes Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity back to the Conference". NIC | North American Interfraternity Conference. Retrieved 2023-11-29.
  7. 1 2 3 Our Founding, Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity
  8. ↑ Raymond, Michael J (2017), Our Story: A History of the Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity
  9. ↑ "Lambda Chi Alpha History Timeline: The Founding of Lambda Chi Alpha". Archived from the original on September 28, 2007.
  10. 1 2 3 Jones, Kyle (March 2007), "Happy Founders Day", Cross & Crescent
  11. ↑ "Lambda Chi Alpha History Timeline". Archived from the original on January 1, 2008.
  12. ↑ "Lambda Chi Alpha History Timeline: Theta Kappa Nu". Archived from the original on September 28, 2007.
  13. ↑ "Lambda Chi Alpha History Timeline: The Union". Archived from the original on February 15, 2006.
  14. 1 2 Bly, Betsy K. (Ed.) (2005). The Paedagogus (50th ed.), p. 146. Indianapolis, Lambda Chi Alpha. Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
  15. ↑ Bly, Betsy K. (Ed.) (2005). The Paedagogus (50th ed.), p. 11. Indianapolis, Lambda Chi Alpha. Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ↑ Bly, Betsy K. (Ed.) (2005). The Paedagogus (50th ed.), p. 102. Indianapolis, Lambda Chi Alpha. Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ↑ Cornish, Audie (November 13, 2011). "Looking Up Words In A Book Not So Strange Yet". National Public Radio. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  18. ↑ "American Heritage Dictionary entry". American Heritage Dictionary. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
  19. ↑ "Lambda Chi Alpha Resigns Its Membership in the North American Interfraternity Conference (press release)". PR Newswire. October 27, 2015. Retrieved November 4, 2015.
  20. ↑ Bly, Betsy K. (Ed.) (2005). The Paedagogus (50th ed.), p. 147. Indianapolis, Lambda Chi Alpha. Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
  21. ↑ Bly, Betsy K. (Ed.) (2005). The Paedagogus (50th ed.), pp. 19–20. Indianapolis, Lambda Chi Alpha. Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
  22. ↑ ["The Paedagogus" (53rd edition), p. 15]
  23. ↑ "Constitution and statutory code of the Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity Code VI-10". Archived from the original on 2011-09-28. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
  24. ↑ "FRATERNITY OUSTS UNIT; Hamilton College Chapter Put Veto on Discrimination". The New York Times. October 11, 1958. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  25. ↑ Rangel, Jesus (May 4, 1988). "15 Indicted in Rutgers Hazing Death". The New York Times. p. B2. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  26. ↑ Underwood, Josh (November 29, 2007). "Georgetown College student's suicide confirmed". Georgetown News-Graphic. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  27. ↑ Neil, Martha (May 7, 2008). "6 San Diego State Frats Suspended After Massive Drug Bust". Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  28. ↑ State Hornet Staff (February 27, 2013). "EDITORIAL: Frat houses may not be a good idea". The State Hornet. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  29. ↑ Staff (January 9, 2011). "2 Shot in Fraternity House at FSU, Student Ashley Cowie Dies". Knight News. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  30. ↑ "Wilhelm takes plea to Florida Supreme Court". September 19, 2018. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  31. ↑ "Lambda Chi Alpha Suspends Operations at University of Nevada" (Press release). KTVN. November 20, 2012. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  32. ↑ Hustler Staff (February 25, 2013). "Moving Up, Moving, Out, and Under Question". p. 1. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  33. ↑ Schenk, Mary (May 9, 2014). "Seven UI fraternity members arrested after yearlong drug probe". The News-Gazette. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  34. ↑ Toledo, Adalberto (March 11, 2018). "Frats nationwide under microscope, including at UI". The News Gazette. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  35. ↑ "Lambda Chi Alpha national suspends MIT chapter for at least five years". MIT News Office. October 30, 2014. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  36. ↑ Staff Writer (January 27, 2015). "Lambda Chi Alpha suspended until 2019 for alcohol violations". The Houstonian. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  37. ↑ Baker, Nathan (March 19, 2015). "ETSU suspends fraternity for 5 years in wake of hazing allegations". Johnson City Press. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  38. ↑ Barnett, Erin (February 23, 2016). "UT fraternity Lambda Chi Alpha closed". WVLT CBS 8. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  39. ↑ Hacker, Holly K. (March 21, 2016). "SMU fraternity gets shut down, but no one's saying exactly why". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  40. ↑ "University of Oregon Frat's Massive Party Leaves Lake Shasta Island Trashed". Tribune Media Wire. May 24, 2016.
  41. ↑ Kocher, Greg (August 22, 2016). "Football player dies after jump at fraternity house". Lexington Herald-Leader. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  42. ↑ Ryckaert, Vic (August 27, 2018). "Woman sues Butler and a former fraternity after saying she was raped on campus in 2016". Indianapolis Star. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  43. ↑ Wang, Stephanie. "'I am beyond angry': Ex-Butler student says school mishandled her rape allegation". Indianapolis Star. No. January 29, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  44. ↑ Haag, Matthew (2018-04-11). "Blackface Leads to Fraternity Suspension at Cal Poly in San Luis Obispo". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-02-16.
  45. ↑ Haag, Matthew (April 11, 2018). "Blackface Leads to Fraternity Suspension at Cal Poly". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 12, 2018.
  46. ↑ "Lambda Chi Alpha fraternity suspended from USC". 11 November 2019.
  47. ↑ Pietsch, Bryan (September 22, 2020). "Fraternity at University of Georgia Is Suspended After Racist Messages Are Exposed". The New York Times. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  48. ↑ McDonald, Benton (January 28, 2021). "TCU fraternity on probation after investigation into car crash". TCU 360.
  49. ↑ 2010 North American Food Drive Results Cross & Crescent. December 2010. Retrieved 2011-02-04. Archived December 7, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  50. ↑ Jones, Kyle (August 17, 2016), "In partnership with Feeding America, Lambda Chi Alpha raises more than 4.4 Million pounds of food in the past year", Cross & Crescent
  51. ↑ Lambda Chi Alpha, St. Baldrick's Foundation
  52. ↑ Lambda Chi Alpha, Jed Foundation, 15 February 2019
  53. 1 2 "Partnerships". Lambda Chi Alpha. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
  54. ↑ "Leonard, Edward F., George W. McDaniel, Charles S. Peyser (Eds.) (1987). Ritual: What and Why, p. 28. Indianapolis, Lambda Chi Alpha" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on May 29, 2008.
  55. ↑ Peyser, Charles (1992). The History of The Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity (1st ed.). Indianapolis, IN: The Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. pp. 60–61.
  56. ↑ Lambda Chi Alpha Headquarters Locations Archived 2006-03-05 at the Wayback Machine Cross and Crescent, December 2005.
  57. ↑ WESTON (ROY F) INC WEST CHESTER PA (1990-08-01). "Report of Sampling and Analysis Results: Swansea Army Housing Units, Swansea, Massachusetts". Fort Belvoir, VA. doi:10.21236/ada226530. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  58. ↑ Location of Lambda Chi Alpha headquarters in Kingston, Pennsylvania
  59. ↑ Lambda Chi Alpha headquarters location in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
  60. ↑ Lambda Chi Alpha headquarters location in Indianapolis, Indiana
  61. ↑ Lambda Chi Alpha headquarters location in Indianapolis, Indiana
  62. ↑ Lambda Chi Alpha headquarters location in Indianapolis, Indiana
  63. ↑ Lambda Chi Alpha headquarters location in Indianapolis, Indiana
  64. ↑ Lambda Chi Alpha headquarters location in Indianapolis, Indiana
  65. ↑ Lambda Chi Alpha headquarters location in Indianapolis, Indiana
  66. ↑ Weitzer, Taylor (2021-06-02). "Lambda Chi Alpha is Moving the Office of Administration". Lambda Chi Alpha. Retrieved 2023-06-26.
  67. ↑ "Keg in the Closet" at Song Meanings
  68. ↑ "What is Lambda Chi Fraternity Queer Eye Doing" at Bustle Magazine
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lambda Chi Alpha.
Wikiquote has quotations related to Lambda Chi Alpha.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.