Ancient Olympia
EventAncient Olympic Games
SubjectAncient Olympic winners
Catalog of the Archaic period
Period776 BC to 480 BC
Previousno data available
NextClassical period

Just how far back in history organized contests were held remains a matter of debate, but it is reasonably certain that they occurred in Greece almost 3,000 years ago. However ancient in origin, by the end of the 6th century BC at least four Greek sporting festivals, sometimes called "classical games," had achieved major importance: the Olympic Games, held at Olympia; the Pythian Games at Delphi; the Nemean Games at Nemea; and the Isthmian Games, held near Corinth.[1] The Olympic Games were perhaps the greatest of these sporting events, and all Olympian victors were highly appreciated among the Greeks.

History

The sophist Hippias of Elis was the first who drew up the list of Olympians in his work Olympians inscription, based perhaps on the records of Olympia, and the oral tradition memories of the older Olympiads were still live in Olympia. Conventional beginning was considered the Olympiad of 776 BC, when Coroebus of Elis win the foot race named stadion. The work of Hippias revised and continued in the 4th century BC by Aristotle, later by Eratosthenes, then by Phlegon of Tralles (Seleucia of Caria) and many others. Thus formed a kind of Olympians' chronicle, which was already in 3rd century BC the base of the ancient dating system.[note 1] Than younger tables survives complete the list of stadion winners by Sextus Julius Africanus (for the first 249 Olympiads), which included in a book by Eusebius of Caesarea.[2][3]

List of Olympic winners in the Archaic period

Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 222

The table below is an attempt to give a list (as complete as possible) of Olympic winners in the Archaic period (776 BC to 480 BC) combining all surviving sources. The work is based on records in the surviving historical and literary sources, race inscriptions, the texts of the Oxyrhynchus Papyri, the testimony of Pausanias and the list of Sextus Julius Africanus. The first column shows the serial number of any Olympiad, the second column the same date, the third column contains the game and the fourth column lists the name and origin of the winner, or marked with [...] if the element is not readable on the papyrus and giving whenever possible a version of what could contain when an investigation exists over this element.[2][3][4][5]

Olympiad Year Game Winner Sources
1st776 BCStadionCoroebus of Elis[2][3][4][5]
2nd772 BCStadionAntimachus of Elis (or of Dyspontium)[2][3][4][5]
3rd768 BCStadionAndrocles of Messenia (or Androclos)[2][3][4][5]
4th764 BCStadionPolychares of Messenia[2][3][4][5]
5th760 BCStadionAeschines of Elis[2][3][4][5]
6th756 BCStadionOebotas of Dyme (or Oebolas)[2][3][4][5]
7th752 BCStadionDiocles of Messenia (or Daicles)[2][3][4][5]
8th[note 2]748 BCStadionAnticles of Messenia[2][3][4][5]
9th744 BCStadionXenocles of Messenia (or Xenodocos)[2][3][4][5]
10th740 BCStadionDotades of Messenia[2][3][4][5]
11th736 BCStadionLeochares of Messenia[2][3][4][5]
12th732 BCStadionOxythemis of Coronea (or of Cleonea)[2][3][4][5]
13th728 BCStadionDiocles of Corinth[2][3][4][5]
14th724 BCStadionDesmon of Corinth (or Dasmon)[2][3][4][5]
DiaulosHypenus of Pisa[2][3][4][5]
15th720 BCStadionOrsippus of Megara[2][3][4][5]
DolichosAcanthus of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
16th716 BCStadionPythagoras of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
17th712 BCStadionPolus of Epidaurus[2][3][4][5]
18th708 BCStadionTellis of Sicyon[2][3][4][5]
WrestlingEurybatus of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
PentathlonLampis of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
19th704 BCStadionMenus of Megara (or Menon)[2][3][4][5]
20th700 BCStadionAtheradas of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
21st696 BCStadionPantacles of Athens[2][3][4][5]
22nd692 BCStadionPantacles of Athens[2][3][4][5]
DiaulosPantacles of Athens[6][4]
23rd688 BCStadionIcarius of Hyperesia (or Icarus)[2][3][4][5]
BoxingOnomastus of Smyrna[note 3][2][3][4][5]
24th684 BCStadionCleoptolemus of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
25th680 BCStadionThalpis of Laconia (or Thalpius)[2][3][4][5]
TethripponPagon of Thebes (or Pagonus)[2][3][4][5]
26th676 BCStadionCallisthenes of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
PentathlonPhilombrotus the Lacedaemonian[7][2][3][4]
27th672 BCStadionEurybus of Athens (or Eurybotus or Eurybate)[2][3][4][5]
PentathlonPhilombrotus the Lacedaemonian[7][2][3][4]
BoxingDahippus of Croton[3][4]
Public TethripponDyspontium town[8][3][4]
28th668 BCStadionChionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis)[note 4][2][3][4][5]
PentathlonPhilombrotus the Lacedaemonian[7][2][3][4]
29th664 BCStadionChionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis)[note 5][2][3][4][5]
DiaulosChionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis)[6][3][4]
30th660 BCStadionChionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis)[2][3][4][5]
DiaulosChionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis)[6][3][4]
31st656 BCStadionChionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis)[2][3][4][5]
DiaulosChionis of Laconia (or Carmis or Charmis)[6][3][4]
32nd652 BCStadionCratinus of Megara[2][3][4][5]
BoxingComaeus of Megara[2][3][4]
33rd648 BCStadionGyges of Laconia (or Gylis)[2][3][4][5]
PancratiumLygdamis of Syracuse[2][3][4][5]
TethripponMyron (Tyrant of Syracuse)[note 6][2][3][4][5]
KelesCrauxidas the Crannonian (or Craxilas)[3][4][5]
34th[note 2]644 BCStadionStomas of Athens[2][3][4][5]
35th640 BCStadionSphaerus the Laconian[2][3][4][5]
DiaulosCylon of Athens[2][3][4][5]
36th636 BCStadion[2] orPancratium[9]Phrynon of Athens[2][3][4][5]
37th[note 7]632 BCStadionEurycleidas of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
Stadion boysPolynices of Elis (or Polyneices or Polyneites)[2][3][4][5]
Wrestling boysHipposthenes of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
38th628 BCStadionOlyntheus of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
Wrestling boysEutelidas the Lacedaemonian[note 8][2][3][4]
Pentathlon boysEutelidas the Lacedaemonian[3][4][5]
39th624 BCStadionRhipsolaus of Laconia (or Rhipsolcus)[2][3][4][5]
WrestlingHipposthenes of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
40th620 BCStadionOlyntheus of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
WrestlingHipposthenes of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
41st616 BCStadionCleondas of Thebes (or Cleonidas)[2][3][4][5]
WrestlingHipposthenes of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
Boxing boysPhilotas of Sybaris (or Philytas)[2][3][4][5]
42nd612 BCStadionLycotas of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
WrestlingHipposthenes of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
43rd608 BCStadionCleon of Epidaurus[2][3][4][5]
WrestlingHipposthenes of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
44th604 BCStadionGelon the Laconian[2][3][4][5]
45th600 BCStadionAnticrates of Epidaurus[2][3][4][5]
46th596 BCStadionCrysamaxos of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
Stadion boysPolymnestor of Miletus[2][3][4]
47th592 BCStadionEurycles of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
TethripponMegacleus of Athens[3]
48th588 BCStadionGlaucias of Croton (or Glycon)[2][3][4][5]
BoxingPythagoras of Samos[2][3][4]
49th584 BCStadionLycinus of Croton[2][3][4][5]
50th580 BCStadionEpitelidas of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
51st576 BCStadionEratosthenes of Croton[2][3][4][5]
52nd572 BCStadionAgis of Elis[2][3][4][5]
PancratiumArrhichion of Phigalia (or Arrhachion)[2][3][4]
TethripponCleisthenes (Tyrant of Sicyon)[7][10][3][4][5]
53rd568 BCStadionAgnon of Peparethus (or Hagnon)[2][3][4][5]
PancratiumArrhichion of Phigalia (or Arrhachion)[2][3][4]
54th564 BCStadionHippostratus of Croton[2][3][4][5]
PancratiumArrhichion of Phigalia (or Arrhachion)[2][3][4]
KelesCallius of Athens (son of Phaenhippus)[3][4]
55th560 BCStadionHippostratus of Croton[2][3][4][5]
56th556 BCStadionPhaedrus of Pharsalus[2][3][4][5]
Boxing[...][11] the Lacedaemonian (son of Chilon of Sparta)[note 9][3][4]
57th552 BCStadionLadromus of Laconia[2][3][4][5]
58th548 BCStadionDiognetus of Croton[2][3][4][5]
59th544 BCStadionArchilochus of Corcyra[2][3][4][5]
BoxingPraxidamas of Aegina[3][4][5]
60th540 BCStadionApellaeus of Elis[2][3][4][5]
Boxing boys[...]creon of Kea[7][12][3][4]
Wrestling boysMilo of Croton[7][2][3][4][5]
61st536 BCStadionAgatharchus of Corcyra[2][3][4][5]
PancratiumRexibius of Opous[3][4]
62nd532 BCStadionEryxias of Chalcis (or Eryxidas)[2][3][4][5]
WrestlingMilo of Croton[7][note 10][2][3][4][5]
Pancratium orBoxingEurymenes of Samos[13]
TethripponCimon Coalemos (son of Stesagoras of Athens)[3][4]
63rd528 BCStadionParmenides of Camarina[2][3][4][5]
WrestlingMilo of Croton[7][2][3][4][5]
TethripponPeisistratos of Athens (son of Hippocrates)[3][4]
64th524 BCStadionEvander of Thessaly (or Menander)[2][3][4][5]
WrestlingMilo of Croton[7][2][3][4][5]
TethripponCimon Coalemos (son of Stesagoras of Athens)[3][4]
65th520 BCStadionAnochus of Tarentum (or Anochas)[2][3][4][5]
DiaulosAnochus of Tarentum (or Anochas)[6][3][4]
HoplitodromosDamaretus of Heraea (or Demaretus)[2][3][4][5]
WrestlingMilo of Croton[7][2][3][4][5]
Boxing boysGlaukos of Carystos[3][4]
Tethrippon[...] of Thebes[4]
66th516 BCStadionIschyrus of Himera[2][3][4][5]
HoplitodromosDamaretus of Heraea (or Demaretus)[3][4]
WrestlingMilo of Croton[7][2][3][4][5]
PancratiumTimasitheus of Delphi[7][3][4]
TethripponCleosthenes of Epidamnus (or the Illyrian)[3][4][5]
67th512 BCStadionPhanas of Pellene[2][3][4][5]
DiaulosPhanas of Pellene[2][3][4]
HoplitodromosPhanas of Pellene[2][3][4]
PancratiumTimasitheus of Delphi[7][3][4]
WrestlingTimasitheus of Croton[7][3][4]
68th508 BCStadionIsomachus of Croton (or Ischomachus)[2][3][4][5]
HoplitodromosPhrikias of Pellene[7][3][4]
WrestlingCalliteles of Laconia[7][4]
Keles[Sons of Pheidolas of Corinth][3][4]
69th504 BCStadionIsomachus of Croton (or Ischomachus)[2][3][4][5]
Diaulos orDolichosThessalos of Corinth[7][3][4]
HoplitodromosPhrikias of Pellene[7][3][4]
(unknown game)Titas of [...][6][4]
70th500 BCStadionNicasias of Opus (or Nicaestas or Nicias)[2][3][4][5]
Stadion boysPhilon of Corcyra[7][3][14][15]
Boxing boysAgametor of Mantineia[4]
ApeneThersius of Thessaly[3][4][5]
71st496 BCStadionTisicrates of Croton[2][3][4][5]
BoxingKleomedes of Astypalaia[16][3][4]
WrestlingExaenetus of Agrigento[3][4]
KelesEmpedocles of Agrigento (son of Exaenetus)[3][4][5]
KalpePataecus of Dyme[3][4][5]
72nd492 BCStadionTisicrates of Croton[2][3][4][5]
(foot race)Hippokleas of Pelinna[3][4]
KelesCrocon ο Eretria[4]
73rd488 BCStadionAstylos of Croton (or Astyalus)[2][3][4][5]
DiaulosAstylos of Croton (or Astyalus)[3][4]
Hoplitodromos orDolichosHippocleas of Pelinna[3][4]
PentathlonEuthycles of Lokroi[4]
Stadion boysAsopichos of Orchomenos[3][4]
Boxing boysAgiadas of Elis[4]
KelesHieron of Syracuse[6][5]
TethripponGelon (Tyrant of Syracuse)[3][4][5]
74th484 BCStadionAstylos of Croton (as of Syracuse)[2][3][4][5]
DiaulosAstylos of Croton (as of Syracuse)[3][4]
HoplitodromosMnaseas of Cyrene[4]
Dolichos[Dromeus of Stymphalia][7][3][4]
WrestlingTheopompus of Heraea[7][3][15]
PancratiumAgias of Pharsalus[7][4]
BoxingEuthymos of Locri (or the Italian)[3][4]
TethripponPolypeithes of Laconia[4]
75th480 BCStadionAstylos of Croton (as of Syracuse)[2][3][4][5]
DiaulosAstylos of Croton (as of Syracuse)[3][4]
HoplitodromosAstylos of Croton (as of Syracuse)[3][4]
Dolichos[Dromeus of Stymphalia][7][3][4]
WrestlingTheopompus of Heraea[7][3][15]
BoxingTheagenes of Thasos[3][4]
Pancratium[Dromeus of Mantineia][3][4]
Stadion boys[Xe]nopithes of Chios[17][3][4]
Wrestling boys[...]con of Argos[3][4]
Boxing boys[...]phanes of Heraea[3][4]
Tethrippon[Dae]tondas and Arsilochus of Thebes[3][4]
Public KelesArgos town[8][3][4]

Supplementary list

The supplementary list contains Olympic winners of this period known from literary and epigraphic records, but who have been dated only approximately and cannot be included in specific Olympiads.[3]

Chronology Game Winner Sources
700 BC to 650 BCDolichosPhanas of Messenia[3][4]
c. 636 BCStadionArytamas of Laconia[3][4]
612 BC to 592 BCTethripponAlcmaeon of Athens (son of Megacles)[3][4]
672 BC to 532 BCTethripponEuagoras the Lacedaemonian (three consecutive times)[3][4]
late 7th or early 6th century BCTethripponPeriandros of Corinth (son of Cypselus of Corinth)[7][3]
early 6th century BCWrestlingHetoimocles of Laconia (son of Hipposthenes) (five times)[18][3][4]
572 BC to 528 BCBoxingTisandros of Sicilian Naxos (four consecutive times)[19][3][4]
c. 560 BCTethripponMiltiades of Athens (son of Cypselus of Athens)[3][4]
550 BC to 500 BCKelesPheidolas of Corinth[3][4]
c. 520 BC(unknown game)Philippus of Croton (son of Butacides)[3][4][20]
late 6th century BCTethripponPantares the Sicilian (son of Menecrates of Gela)[6][21][3][4]
510 BC to 491 BCTethripponDemaratus (King of Sparta)[3][4]
c. 500 BCPentathlonAkmatidas the Lacedaemonian[3][4]
c. 500 BCStadion boysMeneptolemos of Apollonia[4]
5th century BC(unknown game)Damarchos of Parrhasia[3]
early 5th century BCKelesEchecrates of Pharsalus (or Echecratidas)[3]
early 5th century BCPentathlonTheopombus of Heraea (son of Damaretos) (two times)[22][3][4]
500 BC to 488 BCBoxingPhilon of Corcyra (two times)[7][23][3][4]
500 BC to 484 BCTethripponCallius of Athens (son of Hipponicus) (three times)[3][4]
c. 488 BCBoxingDiognetus of Croton[7][4]
c. 484 BCWrestlingTelemachus of Pharsalus[7][4]
before 484 BC(unknown game)Praxiteles of Syracuse[3]
before 480 BCBoxing boysEpikradios of Mantineia[3][4]
492 BC to 480 BCPentathlonHieronymos of Andros[4]
500 BC to 476 BCApeneAnaxilas (Tyrant of Region)[3][4]
500 BC to 450 BCBoxing boysProtolaus of Mantineia[3]

Notes

  1. ↑ According to Encyclopædia Britannica (1911), Chronology (§ Olympiads).
  2. 1 2 None-Olympiad for Elis. Organized by Pisatans.
  3. ↑ It was Onomastus who established the rules of Boxing, according to Eusebius, p. 196.
  4. ↑ According to Eusebius, p. 198, Chionis was not the winner of this Olympiad, but Charmis of Laconia, who trained on a diet of dried figs.
  5. ↑ Chionis could leap a distance of 22 feet (about 6,71 meters), according to Eusebius, p. 198.
  6. ↑ Myron, son of Andreas, tyrant of Sicyon, according to Müller, p. 452.
  7. ↑ Were performed for the first time the games for boys.
  8. ↑ According to Eusebius, p. 199, exceptionally, only in this Olympiad, the boys fought in pancratium, and the name of winner was Deftelidas of Laconia.
  9. ↑ Chilon died of happiness after the victory of his son (according to Diogenes, ch. III (Chilon), pp. 72-73).
  10. ↑ He won six times at the Olympic games, six times at the Pythian games, ten times at the Isthmian games, and nine times at the Nemean games, according to Eusebius p. 202.

References

  1. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica 2006, The ancient Olympic Games.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 According to Eusebius.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 According to HHN.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 According to FHW.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 According to Müller.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The chronological value is considered to be uncertain.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 The chronology is considered to be relevant.
  8. 1 2 The victory belongs to this town.
  9. ↑ According to Diogenes, ch. IV (Pittacus), p. 74
  10. ↑ This was in 584 BC, according to Müller, p. 454.
  11. ↑ Mentioned as Damagetos, HHN, p. 503.
  12. ↑ Mentioned as Leocreon (according to FHW) or Neocreon (according to HHN, p. 503).
  13. ↑ According to Greek base Archived 2012-03-31 at the Wayback Machine of FHW.
  14. ↑ According to FHW, this was on previous Olympiad.
  15. 1 2 3 There is also a reference in the supplementary list below.
  16. ↑ According to FHW, this was on next Olympiad.
  17. ↑ According to FHW was from Kea.
  18. ↑ According to FHW the first one as a boy.
  19. ↑ Beginning (the most likely) from the 60th Olympiad (according to HHN) or maybe the 52nd Olympiad (according to FHW).
  20. ↑ According to Herodotus Book 5: ch. 47, 1-2.
  21. ↑ In 508 BC according to FHW.
  22. ↑ In 484 BC and 480 BC according to FHW. Also there are references to wrestling by athlete Theopombus according to HHN, p. 503 (wrestling) and p. 507 (pentathlon).
  23. ↑ In 500 BC and 496 BC (according to FHW), or in 492 BC and 488 BC (according to HHN, p. 503).

Sources

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Olympic winners of the Archaic period.
  • Diogène de Laerte. Des Philosophes (in Greek and French). Vol. I. Paris: Charpentier (1847). pp. 72–74.
  • Eusebius of Caesarea. Chronicon: Olympiads of the Greeks. Schoene-Petermann. pp. 191–220.
  • "Archaic Hellenism". History of Hellenic Nation (in Greek). Vol. 2. Athens Publishing. 1971. pp. 502–507. ISBN 960-213-097-0. OCLC 636806977. OL 18546042M. Athens Academy Award 1980
  • Foundation of Hellenic World. "The Olympic Victors". Archaic Era.
  • Karl Otfried Müller (1839). The history and antiquities of the Doric race. Vol. 2. Translated by Lewis, George Cornewall; Tufnell, Henry. London: Murray (Robarts - University of Toronto). pp. 446–462 App. VI.
  • This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Chronology (Olympiads)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 312–313.

See also

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.