Operation Claw (2019)
Part of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)
Date28 May 2019 – 14 June 2020
Location
Northern Iraq
Result
  • Turkish victory
  • Turkish Army sets up three new bases deep in Hakurk region & establishes a dozen observation points
  • Start of Operation Claw-Eagle Iraq
Territorial
changes		 Turkish Armed Forces sets up more forts and barracks
Belligerents
 Turkey Kurdistan Workers' Party
Commanders and leaders
Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Turkey Hulusi Akar
Turkey Yaşar Güler		 Unknown
Units involved

Turkish Armed Forces

Gendarmerie General Command

KCK

HBDH TAK

BÖG
Casualties and losses

17 killed [1]

74 killed (per PKK) https://www.dailysabah.com/

1.067 killed (AA claim)[2]

67killed (per pkk) www.aa.com.tr/tr/info/infografik/28032 |access-date

Operation Claw (Turkish: Pençe Harekatı) was a cross-border military operation by the Turkish Armed Forces into Iraq's autonomous Kurdistan Region against the Kurdistan Workers' Party.[5]

On the morning of 28 May 2019, Turkish troops fired artillery shells and launched air attacks, followed by border crossings by the Turkish Army and Gendarmerie Special Public Security Command.[6] On 30 May 2019, the first Turkish losses were recorded: a specialist sergeant and a second lieutenant were killed in action.[7]

On 31 May 2019, F-16 jets of the 181st Squadron "Leopard" hit PKK targets in the autonomous region.[8] In late June, press sources reported that the Turkish military combat-tested the Bora ballistic missile during Operation Claw in the Kurdistan Region.[9] In July, ground operations gradually died down, and only airstrikes were used in the Avasin-Basyan, Zap, Metina, Haftanin and Hakurk regions. 182nd Squadron "Accipiter", 181st Squadron "Leopard", and 14th UAV Systems Base Command participated in the operation.[10]

On 13 July, Turkey launched the next part of the counter-terror operation (Operation Claw-2) in Northern Iraq.[11] On 24 August, Operation Claw 3 was launched in Northern Iraq.[12] As a result, the Turkish Army set up three new bases deep in the Hakurk region and established a dozen observation points. In June 2020, the Turkish military officially announced the start of Operation Claw-Eagle in Iraq.[13]

Operation Timeline

2019

Operation Claw 1

May

On 12 May 2019, a group of PKK soldiers ambushed the Turkish Armed Forces, resulting in the deaths of two militants and bringing the PKK death toll to 45 in May. The weapons and head cameras were seized showing the route the militants came from.[14] Using the ambush as a justification, Turkey launched a 'counter-terror' military operation on 28 May in the Hakurk Region.[15] The Turkish military objectives were to destroy PKK shelters and caves that they were hiding in.[15] On the first night of the operation, Sekif Mountain, in the vicinity of Lolan Water and Martyr Derviş Hill, was bombarded by Turkish Armed Forces warplanes for hours, before Turkish commandos & special forces joined the airborne assault of the Sekif Mountain and Martyr Derviş Hill. Following the clashes, 15 PKK militiamen were killed on the first day of the operation.[16][17] By the end of the next day, the PKK suffered further losses according to the Turkish National Ministry of Defence, who claimed that another 15 militants were either killed or captured in northern Iraq's Hakurk area since the start of the operation.[18] The PKK death toll increased by four on 30 May, but at the same time, the first Turkish losses were recorded: a specialist sergeant and a second lieutenant killed in action.[7][19] Turkish warplanes continually bombarded PKK positions until the end of May.[8]

June

It was announced that three PKK militants were killed or captured. This was soon followed by news that another five PKK militants had been killed.[20][21] On June 3, at least six PKK militants were killed or captured in the Zap region.[22] In total estimates made by announcements by Turkey , the Turkish National Ministry of Defence stated that a total of 43 militants have been killed or captured in 'Operation Claw' since 28 May. It was reported that an Underwater Defence unit of the TAF operates in the area.[23] On 6 June, the Turkish Minister of Defense Hulusi Akar had said: "We will not leave the region until the last threat is neutralized."[24] On 10 June, the Turkish Armed Forces destroyed 74 caves and shelters and 53 mines used by PKK militants in the Hakurk region, according to the Turkish National Ministry of Defense.[25] At the end of June, Turkey continued the unceasing air bombardment of north Iraq by including Bayraktar Tactical UAS drones and TAI Anka into the operation in the Kurdistan Region, constantly launching airstrikes on PKK militants, and by the end of June, 112 PKK militants had been killed or captured in a major blow for the PKK.[26][27] Some sources have reported that the Turkish military may have combat-tested the Bora ballistic missile during Operation Claw .[9]

July

In July, the ground operation slowed down and only airstrikes were conducted .The 182nd Squadron "Accipiter", 181st Squadron "Leopard" and 14th UAV Systems Base Command participated together in the operations for the month.[10]

Operation Claw 2
  • 13 July: Turkey launches counter-terror Operation Claw-2 in Kurdistan Region.[11]
  • 18 July: One TAF soldier was killed and six were wounded.[28]
  • 19 July: The Defense Ministry states that militants suffered 34 casualties in airstrikes conducted between 17 and 19 July.[29]
  • 23 July: Halifan Hill and Zilok Hill captured in the Hakurk region.[30]

August

In the beginning of August, most airstrikes were carried out in Hakurk Region.[10]

  • 3 August: A senior PKK leader, Nedim Karakulak (codenamed Kawa Garzan), who was in charge of PKK's logistical support around the Qandil and Hakurk region, was killed in the Kurdistan Region.[13]
  • 5 August: The Gorasher Mountain was captured, a large part of the Olmuş Valley under the control of Turkish Armed Forces.[31]
  • 10 August: A total of 80 militants killed or captured since the launch of the Claw-2 offensive.[32]
  • 14 August: TAF ATAK helicopters hit PKK targets in the village of Birkim.[33]
  • 15 August: Turkish fighter jets kill a total of 13 PKK targets in Kurdistan Region according to the Defense Ministry said.[34]
  • 19 August: TAF ATAK helicopters hit PKK targets in the Hakurk region.[35]
Operation Claw 3
  • 25 August: Three Turkish soldiers killed in a PKK ambush; seven soldiers were also heavily injured.[36]
  • 26 August: A total of 15 PKK militants killed in Operation Claw 3.[37]
  • 27 August: Operation of Claw-3 aims to destroy six camps in the Kurdistan Region.[38]
  • 28 August: Peshmerga forces forbide access to the villages of Kasrok, Mergashish, Darashish and Behnuna in the Haftanin region due to the Paw-3 operation.[39]

September

  • 11 September: During an air operation against a building in the Kandil/Bawlah region, KCK Executive Member "Pelşin Tolhildan" (code-named Gülüzar Tural) and women's structuring KJK's Executive Council Member "Jiyan Garzan" (code-named Saliha Kaytar) were killed.[40]
  • 12 September: TAF troops were deployed to the top of Karachal mountain to establish a new base via helicopters.[41]
  • 13 September: TAF units take Hales Mountain in Haftanin.[42]
  • 14 September: Operation Claw-3 continues in Kurdistan Region.[43]
  • 17 September: New bases established in the "Dayla (lelikan) region".[44]
  • 18 September: A total of 417 PKK militants are killed or captured over the past four months according to the Defense Ministry.[45]
  • 23 September: Two TAF personnel killed in a roadside bomb explosion in Kurdistan Region.[46]

October

  • 6 October: TAF fighter jets organized an air operation in Gara / Hezanke region.[47]
  • 7 October: Air operations carried out by Turkish Armed Forces fighters in Iraq/Fishabur region (border crossing Syria-Iraq area).[48]
  • 12 October: Organized air operations against PKK targets in the Haftanin region.[49]
  • 15 October: TAF fighter planes hit PKK targets in Kandil/Barawa region.[50]
  • 16 October: TAF warplanes organized air operations in Gara region of Kurdistan Region.[51]
  • 18 October: Two HPG militants were killed after an operation carried out by Bayraktar Tactical UAS.[52]
  • 28 October: A TAF soldier died of a heart attack after being transported by helicopter to Turkey.[53]

November

  • 20 November: Turkey claims to have killed or wounded ten PKK militants during an air attack in Haftanin area.[54]

December

  • 13 December: Two fighter jets and artillery units affiliated to the Turkish Armed Forces hit the slopes of Kani Dezan and Seri Ziraran.[55]

2020

January

  • 2 January: 2 TAF soldiers killed in clashes with PKK in Hakurk region.[56]
  • 7 January: 2 PKK members killed in Gara region, according to Turkish Ministry of National Defense.[57]
  • 8 January: Esme Erat, codenamed Delal Nurhak, a militant of the PAJK, and her driver, codenamed Zilan Kobani, were killed in an operation late last September in Kurdistan Region's Qandil region.[58]
  • 13 January: 2 village guards and a soldier died in counter-terror operations, says Turkish Defense Ministry[59]
  • 17 January: A Turkish soldier, who was injured while preventing a PKK attack, succumbed to his wounds, Turkey's Defense Ministry.[60]
  • 21 January: Turkey arrests suspect over killing of Turkish diplomat Osman Kose[61]

February

  • 29 February: PKK members killed in Metina, Gara regions were plotting attack, according to Turkish Defense Ministry.[62]

March

  • 9 March: Halide Tari KCK senior was killed in a joint operation conducted by Turkish intelligence (MIT) and armed forces (TAF)[63]
  • 13 March: Warplanes from the Turkish Armed Forces hit the Bradost region of Sidekan. Sidekan District Director İhsan Çelebi said that on March 13, at around 16:00, Turkish fighter planes hit the countryside of Khalifa and Geli Reş villages after flying for an hour in the region.[64]
  • 26 March: An air strike was carried out after two Turkish soldiers were killed and two others injured. It was announced that the TAF has wounded of killed several members of the PKK in Iraq.[65]
  • 27 March: Turkish artillery intermittently shot PKK positions in the rural areas of the village of Lelkan, high sections of the village of Helifan and Hakurk skirts.[66]

April

  • 3 April: 111 militants neutralized and 67 others surrendered to the security forces this month, according to Turkish security sources[67]
  • 15 April: Galya Bekir, also known as "Berivan Sarya", a top leader of the PKK/KCK, who was the Makhmur Front Officer, was killed by the operation of the National Intelligence Agency. His death was announced by the Turkish authorities on 14 May 2020.[68]
  • 16 April: A TAF soldier died Turkey's defense minister posts message of condolence on Twitter[69]
  • 16 April: Iraqi Foreign Ministry summons Turkish envoy[70]
  • 17 April: The National Defense Ministry said on Twitter on Friday that security forces busted and destroyed PKK shelters during operations in Cukurca, Hakkari, southeastern Turkey, and Kurdistan Region's Haftanin region. In operations, security forces destroyed three binoculars, including two night vision ones, two grenades, five detonators, two 60 mm mortar ammunition and 287 bullets, three RPG-7 rocket launcher ammunitions, four RPG-7 propelling cartridges, two solar panels and life essentials found in shelters and caves in the area.[71]

May

  • 4 May: Warplanes affiliated with the Turkish Armed Forces hit PKK positions around the village of Sinine in the Bradost region.[72]
  • 22 May: The Free Women's Units destroyed a Turkish military position and killed four Turkish soldiers at the Lêlîkan hill. A video of the attack was published in Gerîla TV on 12 July.[73][74] The Turkish Air Force launched airstrikes in Seladize/Kurah Zur area the same day in retaliation.[75]
  • 27 May: Turkey 'neutralizes' 10 PKK militants in Kurdistan Region.[76]

June

  • 3 June: Turkey claims to have destroyed 3 cave shelters of the PKK in N. Iraq[77]
  • 4 June: The aircraft belonging to the TAF organized an air operation against targets in the Berwari valley.[78]
  • 10 June: Propane cylinders, ammonium nitrate, cables, and batteries seized in the region.[79]
  • 14 June: The Turkish Defense Ministry says that military jets successfully targeted PKK militants in Sinjar and Qandil, Iraq, among other places. The ministry claimed it was in response to increased militant attacks on Turkish bases.[80] Start of new operation Operation Claw-Eagle Iraq.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.067 killed (30 May 2019), 1 killed (19 July 2019 per turkey), 3 killed (25 Aug. 2019), 2 killed (23 Sep. 2019), 1 died (28 Oct. 2019), 1 killed (2 Dec. 2019), 2 killed (2 Jan. 2020), 2 killed (14 Jan. 2020), 2 killed (25 March 2020), 1 killed (15 April 2020), total of 17 reported killed
  2. ↑ "Anadolu Ajansı". Anadolu Ajansı. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  3. ↑ Martin van Bruinessen, "Zaza, Alevi and Dersimi as Deliberately Embraced Ethnic Identities" in '"Aslını İnkar Eden Haramzadedir!" The Debate on the Ethnic Identity of The Kurdish Alevis' in Krisztina Kehl-Bodrogi, Barbara Kellner-Heinkele, Anke Otter-Beaujean, Syncretistic Religious Communities in the Near East: Collected Papers of the International Symposium "Alevism in Turkey and Comparable Sycretistic Religious Communities in the Near East in the Past and Present" Berlin, 14-17 April 1995, BRILL, 1997, ISBN 9789004108615, p. 13.
  4. ↑ Martin van Bruinessen, "Zaza, Alevi and Dersimi as Deliberately Embraced Ethnic Identities" in '"Aslını İnkar Eden Haramzadedir!" The Debate on the Ethnic Identity of The Kurdish Alevis', p. 14.
  5. ↑ "Turkey launches operation against PKK fighters in northern Iraq". Aljazeera.com.
  6. ↑ "Turkey launches 'Operation Claw' against PKK in Iraq's Kurdish region". Middle East Eye.
  7. 1 2 "'Pençe Harekatı' şehitlerine veda". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  8. 1 2 "Turkish jets hit PKK terror targets in northern Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 2019-06-08. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  9. 1 2 "Turkey's Bora missile saw combat debut: What next?". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  10. 1 2 3 "Search". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  11. 1 2 "Turkey launches counter-terror Operation Claw-2 in N.Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  12. ↑ "Operation Claw 3 launched in northern Iraq: Turkey". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 2019-09-22. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  13. 1 2 "Senior PKK terrorist among killed in N.Iraq op". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  14. ↑ T.C. Millî Savunma Bakanlığı [@tcsavunma] (June 12, 2019). "Pençe Harekâtı'na devam eden Komandolarımız, saldırı girişiminde bulunan PKK'lı teröristlere anında karşılık vererek 2 teröristi etkisiz hale getirdi. Etkisiz hale getirilen teröristlerle birlikte 2 adet AK-47 ve kafa kamerası ele geçirildi. #MSB #TSK #PençeHarekatı https://t.co/ceofeFirUK" [Continuing Operation Claw, our Commandos immediately responded to PKK terrorists who attempted to attack and neutralized 2 terrorists. Along with the neutralized terrorists, 2 AK-47s and head cameras were seized. #MSB #TSK #ClawOperation] (Tweet) (in Turkish). Archived from the original on 2022-12-23. Retrieved 2022-12-26 – via Twitter.
  15. 1 2 "Turkey launches counter-terror operation in north Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  16. ↑ "Turkey launches counter-terror operation in north Iraq". 2019-05-28. Archived from the original on 2019-05-28. Retrieved 2020-11-14.
  17. ↑ "TSK'nin Hakurk Operasyonu sona erdi – ÖZGÜR BASIN". 2020-05-16. Archived from the original on 2020-05-16. Retrieved 2020-11-14.
  18. ↑ "6 PKK terrorists neutralized in northern Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  19. ↑ "Turkey 'neutralizes' 4 more PKK terrorists in N Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  20. ↑ "3 PKK terrorists neutralized in northern Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  21. ↑ "Turkish army neutralizes 5 PKK terrorists in N. Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 2019-06-08. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  22. ↑ "At least 6 PKK terrorists neutralized in northern Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 2019-06-08. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  23. ↑ "Turkey's 'Operation Claw' in north Iraq continues". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 2019-06-09. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  24. ↑ "Bakan Akar'dan Pençe Harekatı açıklaması: Son terörist etkisiz hale getirilmeden bölgeden çıkmayacağız". www.msn.com. Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  25. ↑ "PKK caves destroyed in Turkey's Operation Claw". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 2019-06-10. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  26. ↑ "Turkish jets, drones breathe fire on PKK terrorists". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 2019-06-27. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  27. ↑ "Turkey neutralizes 60 PKK terrorists in N. Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  28. ↑ "Pençe-2 Harekatında bir asker şehit düştü". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  29. ↑ "Turkey: 255 terrorists 'neutralized' in N Iraq in 3 months". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  30. ↑ "Kandil yolunda büyük kara harekâtı - Son Dakika Haberler". Milliyet (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-11-19.
  31. ↑ TSKMap.net (4 August 2019). "#KuzeyIrak #Hakurk // TSK'ya ait birliklerin Gorasher dağını kontrol etmesi ile birlikte Armuş Vadisinin büyük bir kısmı TSK'nın kontrolü altına geçti". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  32. ↑ "Turkish jets 'neutralize' 6 PKK terrorists in N. Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 2019-08-10. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  33. ↑ TSKMap.net (14 August 2019). "#KuzeyIrak #Hakurk // TSK'ya ait ATAK helikopterleri Birkim köyü bölgesinde bulunan PKK hedeflerini vurdu". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Archived from the original on March 19, 2020. Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  34. ↑ "Turkish jets hit PKK terror targets in northern Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 2019-08-16. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  35. ↑ TSKMap.net (19 August 2019). "#KuzeyIrak // TSK'ya ait ATAK helikopterleri Hakurk bölgesinde PKK hedeflerini". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Archived from the original on March 19, 2020. Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  36. ↑ "3 Turkish soldiers martyred in PKK attack". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  37. ↑ "Total 15 terrorists neutralized in Operation Claw 3". www.aa.com.tr. Archived from the original on 2019-08-25. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  38. ↑ "SON DAKİKA: Pençe Harekatı'nda terör örgütü PKK'ya büyük darbe! İşte adım adım Pençe-3 Harekâtı!". Sabah (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  39. ↑ TSKMap.net (2019-08-28). "#KuzeyIrak // Peşmerge güçleri Pençe-3 harekatından dolayı Haftanin bölgesinde bulunan Kasrok, Mergaşiş, Daraşiş ve Behnuna köylerine girişleri yasakladı". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  40. ↑ TSKMap.net (11 September 2019). "Kandil/Bawlah bölgesinde bir binaya düzenlenen hava harekatında örgütün PKK/KCK Yürütme Konseyi Üyesi "Pelşin Tolhildan" kod adlı Gülüzar Tural ile kadın yapılanması KJK'nın Yürütme Konseyi Üyesi " Jiyan Garzan" kod adlı Saliha Kaytar'ın etkisiz hale getirildi tespit". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Archived from the original on September 14, 2019. Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  41. ↑ TSKMap.net (19 September 2019). "#KuzeyIrak #Haftanin // Pençe-3 harekatı kapmasında 13 Eylül akşamı TSK'ya bağlı birlikler helikopterler aracılıyla Karaçal tepesine konuşlandı. // Konumu harita üzerinden incelemek". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Archived from the original on September 19, 2019. Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  42. ↑ TSKMap.net (13 September 2019). "#KuzeyIrak // Bölgeden gelen bilgilerin ve uydu görüntülerinin analizi sonucu TSK'ya bağlı birliklerin Pençe-3 harekatı kapsamında Haftanin bölgesinde bulunan Hales dağını kontrol altına aldığını tespit ettik. // Konum harita üzerinden incelemek için". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Archived from the original on September 28, 2019. Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  43. ↑ "Turkey's Claw-3 Operation continues in northern Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  44. ↑ TSKMap.net (18 September 2019). "#KuzeyIrak // TSK tarafından Pençe harekatı kapsamında "Dayla(lelikan) bölgesinde" kontrol altına alınan ve yeni kurulan üsler haritaya eklenmiştir. // Harita üzerinden incelemek için". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Archived from the original on September 18, 2019. Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  45. ↑ "New phase begins in Turkey's northern Iraq operation". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  46. ↑ "Turkey: PKK terrorists martyrs 2 soldiers in N.Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
  47. ↑ TSKMap.net (6 October 2019). "#KuzeyIrak // TSK'ya ait savaş uçakları sabah saatlerinde Gara/Hezanke bölgesine hava harekatı düzenledi". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  48. ↑ TSKMap.net (7 October 2019). "#KuzeyIrak // TSK'ya ait savaş uçaklarının Irak/Fişabur bölgesine düzenlediği hava harekatında PKK'lı teröristlere ait 1 aracın imha edildiği aktarılıyor". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  49. ↑ TSKMap.net (12 October 2019). "#KuzeyIrak // TSK'ya ait savaş uçakları (Pençe-3 harekatı kapsamında) Haftanin bölgesinde bulunan PKK hedeflerine yönelik hava harekatı düzenledi. // Konum". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Archived from the original on October 13, 2019. Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  50. ↑ TSKMap.net (16 October 2019). "#KuzeyIrak // TSK'ya ait savaş uçakları Kandil/Barawa bölgesinde bulunan PKK hedeflerini vurdu. // Konum". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Archived from the original on October 17, 2019. Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  51. ↑ TSKMap.net (16 October 2019). "#KuzeyIrak // TSK'ya ait savaş uçakları Kuzey Irak'ın Gara bölgesine hava harekatı". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  52. ↑ TSKMap.net (18 October 2019). "#KuzeyIrak // Pençe-3 harekatı kapsamında Haftanin bölgesinde yol çalışması yapan TSK'ya ait iş makinesine yönelik saldırı hazırlığındaki 2 PKK'lı terörist SİHA atışı ile etkisiz hale getirilmiştir.[via .@Derinkuvvet] // Konum". @TSKMap (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  53. ↑ "27 yaşındaki teğmen operasyonda rahatsızlanıp şehit düştü". Independent Türkçe (in Turkish). 29 October 2019. Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  54. ↑ "Turkish forces 'neutralize' 10 PKK terrorists in N Iraq - Turkey News".
  55. ↑ "TSK, Erbil'in Sidekan bölgesini bombardımana tuttu". Peyama Kurd (in Turkish). 13 December 2019.
  56. ↑ "2 Turkish soldiers martyred in Operation Claw in N.Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  57. ↑ "Turkey neutralizes 2 PKK terrorists in northern Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  58. ↑ "Turkey neutralizes senior female YPG/PKK terrorist". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  59. ↑ "Turkish soldier, security guard martyred in N.Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  60. ↑ "Injured Turkish soldier succumbs to wounds". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  61. ↑ "Turkey arrests suspect over killing of Turkish diplomat". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  62. ↑ "Turkish jets neutralize 6 PKK terrorists in N. Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  63. ↑ "Turkey 'neutralizes' senior PKK terrorist in N. Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  64. ↑ "Erbil: TSK uçakları Sidekan bölgesini bombaladı". Peyama Kurd (in Turkish). 13 March 2020.
  65. ↑ "Turkey neutralizes 8 YPG/PKK terrorists in Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  66. ↑ "TSK'dan Sidekan'a top atışları". Rudaw (in Turkish). 27 March 2020.
  67. ↑ "Heavy blow inflicted on YPG/PKK terrorists in March". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  68. ↑ "Son dakika... MİT'ten Irak'ın kuzeyine operasyon: Galya Bekir etkisiz hale getirildi". CNN Türk (in Turkish). 14 May 2020.
  69. ↑ "Turkish soldier martyred in terrorist attack in Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  70. ↑ "Iraqi Foreign Ministry summons Turkish envoy". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  71. ↑ "PKK terrorist ammunition seized in SE Turkey, N Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  72. ↑ "İşgalci Türk devleti Bradost'u bombaladı". Nûçe Ciwan (in Turkish). 4 May 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-05-09.
  73. ↑ "Footage of YJA Star action in Xakurke".
  74. ↑ "Çalakiya Girê Lelîkan, Xakurkê – 22'ê Gulanê 2020".
  75. ↑ Conflict [@ConflictTR] (May 23, 2020). "#KuzeyIrak #Zap 🔴TSK'ya ait savaş uçakları Şeladize/Kurah Zur bölgesindeki PKK hedeflerine hava harekatı düzenledi. https://t.co/vMxGiHmAdP" [#KuzeyIrak #Zap 🔴 TAF warplanes carried out an air operation against PKK targets in the Sheladize / Kurah Zur region.] (Tweet) (in Turkish). Retrieved 2022-12-26 – via Twitter.
  76. ↑ "Turkey 'neutralizes' 10 PKK terrorists in northern Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  77. ↑ "Turkey destroys PKK terrorists' 3-room cave in N. Iraq". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  78. ↑ Conflict [@ConflictTR] (June 4, 2020). "#KuzeyIrak #Metina TSK'ya ait savaş uçakları, Berwari/Beşile vadisi bölgesindeki PKK hedeflerine yönelik hava harekatı düzenledi. https://t.co/JgBlHKkwrt" [#NorthernIraq #Metina TAF warplanes carried out an air operation against PKK targets in the Berwari/Beşile valley region.] (Tweet) (in Turkish). Retrieved 2022-12-26 – via Twitter.
  79. ↑ "Turkey: PKK terrorists' improvised explosives seized". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-06-15.
  80. ↑ "Turkish jets strike Kurdish militant targets in northern Iraq". Reuters. 15 June 2020.
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