Padmanabhadatta was a Sanskrit grammarian. He is a successor to the grammarian Pāṇini, and the author of a Sanskrit grammar text Supadmavyākaraṇa. He is considered the founder of the Supadma School.[1]

Life

Padmanabhadatta was born in a Brahmin dynasty of Mithila in the 14th century.[2] His father's name was Damodaradatta.[3] Their lineage begins with Vararuchi, who was the king poet of Kalidas along with Vikramaditya.[4] In the year 1427, Padmanabhadatta introduced his lineage in his book Prishodaradivritti.[5] Hara Prasad Shastri has written that Padmanabhadatta was a resident of Bhorgram which was situated a few miles from Darbhanga.[5]

Works

Padmanabhadatta composed the Supadmavyākaraṇa around 1375 A.D.[6] Supadmavyākaraṇa grammar is written in Bengali alphabet, making it accessible to the Bengal provinces by removing the complexity of Sanskrit grammar.[2] The text is based on Pāṇini's Ashtadhyayi, but remodeled and rearranged with explanatory notes. The main objective of Padmanabhadatta was to make knowledge of Sanskrit grammar clear and simple and to Sanskritize the new words that developed in the language. The work became most popular in Vangala.[3]

Due to the simplicity and importance of Supadmavyākaraṇa, several commentaries were written on it. Padmanabhadatta himself has written a commentary on his grammar named Panjika. Apart from these, commentaries have been written by Vishnu Misra,[7] Ramchandra, Sridharchakravarti and Kasishvara on Supadma Vyakarana.[8] Among them Vishnu Mishra's Supadmakaranda Tika is considered the best.

Another work by Padmanabhadatta is a lexicon of synonymous and homonymous words called Bhüriprayoga.[4] The work is divided into three parts,[4] the homonyms part being bigger than the synonyms.[9] The work was cited in the later thesaurus Amarakosha by Amarasimha.[9]

Other works as stated in his Prishodradivritti include Unadivritti (collection of aphorisms on word formation derived by means of unddi suffxes)[7], Prayogadipika, Dhatakaumudi, Yelugadivrutti, Definitionvritti and others.[4]

References

  1. ↑ Singh, Shyam Narayan (1922). History Of Tirhut From The Earlier Times. p. 187.
  2. 1 2 Saini, R.S. (April 1, 1989). Supadma Vyakarana. Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan. ISBN 978-8121700344.
  3. 1 2 Shripad Krishna Belvalkar (1914). Systems of Sanskrit Grammar. p. 118.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Patkar, Madhukar Mangesh (1981). History of Sanskrit lexicography. Internet Archive. New Delhi : Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 73.
  5. 1 2 Shastri, Hara Prasad (1900). Notices Of Sanskrit Manuscripts, Second Series. Vol. 1.
  6. ↑ Ghosh, Bhajagovinda. "Study of Sanskrit Grammar in Tibet" (PDF). Bulletin of Tibetology. VII, 2: 22.
  7. 1 2 Eggeling, Julius (1887). Catalogue of the Sanskrit manuscripts in the library of the India Office. Robarts - University of Toronto. London Printed by order of the Secretary of State for India in Council. p. 226.
  8. ↑ Colebrooke, Henry T. (1805). A Grammar of the Sanscrit Language. Company's Press. p. 14.
  9. 1 2 Bühler, Georg (1896). Grundriss der indo-arischen Philologie und Altertumskunde (Encyclopedia of Indo-Aryan research). Robarts - University of Toronto. Strassburg K.J. Trübner. p. 37.
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