Pediocactus bradyi
CITES Appendix I (CITES)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Genus: Pediocactus
Species:
P. bradyi
Binomial name
Pediocactus bradyi
Synonyms
  • Pediocactus simpsonii subsp. bradyi (L.D.Benson) Halda 1998
  • Puebloa bradyi (L.D.Benson) Doweld 1999
  • Toumeya bradyi (L.D.Benson) Earle 1963

Pediocactus bradyi is a very rare species of cactus known by the common names Brady's pincushion cactus, Brady's hedgehog cactus, and Marble Canyon cactus. It is endemic to Arizona in the US, where it is restricted to Marble Canyon in Coconino County, though its exact distribution is not generally advertised due to poaching concerns.[3][4][5] It is limited to a specific type of soil, it has a small distribution, and the species is threatened by a number of human activities.[3] This has been a federally listed endangered species of the United States since 1979.[5]

Description

This cactus is globose, tubercular, and usually solitary. It is up to about 6 centimeters tall by 5 wide. Each areole has some wool and several slightly curved yellowish to white spines up to half a centimeter long. There are occasionally one or two central spines which are darker in color. The cactus flowers in the early spring. The flower is up to roughly 2 centimeters long by 3 wide and has red or green-striped yellowish outer tepals and straw-colored inner tepals. The fruit is green ripening red-brown and about a centimeter long.[6] The cactus shrinks and retracts under the ground during the dry season, making it very hard to find.[5] The related cacti Pediocactus bradyi subsp. winkleri and Pediocactus bradyi subsp. despainii are included as subspecies.[7]

Subspecies

ImageSubspeciesDistribution
Pediocactus bradyi subsp. bradyiN. Arizona.
Pediocactus bradyi subsp. despainii (S.L.Welsh & Goodrich) HochstätterUtah
Pediocactus bradyi subsp. winkleri (K.D.Heil) Hochstätter ex D.R.HuntUtah

Distribution and habitat

Pediocactus bradyi is native to Coconino County, Arizona, where it thrives on level hills adorned with limestone gravel at altitudes ranging from 900 to 1300 meters. The cactus grows on sandstone and shale land originating from the Moenkopi Formation, a geologic formation.[3] This rock is covered in chips and gravel of Kaibab limestone, forming the plant's substrate.[3] It is not found in any other soil types.[5] It grows alongside plants such as shadscale (Atriplex confertifolia), snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae), and Mormon tea (Ephedra viridis).[3] This plant is commonly found in the company of Sclerocactus parviflorus, Navajoa peeblesiana subsp. fickeiseniorum, Echinocactus polycephalus var. xeranthemoides, Echinocereus engelmannii var. variegatus, Opuntia nicholii, Opuntia basilaris, and various Yucca species.[8]

This plant was listed as an endangered species because of many threats, including highway construction and maintenance, off-road vehicle use, cattle grazing, and poaching. Natural threats to the species include frost heaving. The small population size limited in distribution makes it vulnerable to extinction.[5] It is also vulnerable to the effects of climate change, especially increased droughts.[9]

References

  1. ↑ "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010-05-11. Retrieved 2023-12-16.
  2. ↑ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Pediocactus bradyi. The Nature Conservancy.
  4. ↑ C.Michael Hogan. 2011. Cactus. Topic ed. Arthur Dawson. Ed.-in-chief Cutler J.Cleveland. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Washington DC
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 USFWS. Determination that Pediocactus bradyi is an Endangered Species. Federal Register October 26, 1979.
  6. ↑ Pediocactus bradyi. Flora of North America.
  7. ↑ "Pediocactus bradyi L.D.Benson". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2023-12-17.
  8. ↑ Hochstätter, Fritz (2005). Tribe Cacteae, Family Cactaceae: The genera Pediocactus Navajoa Toumeya. Mannheim: Fritz Hochstätter. ISBN 978-3-00-021244-4.
  9. ↑ Shryock, Daniel F.; Esque, Todd C.; Hughes, Lee (2014). "Population viability of Pediocactus bradyi (Cactaceae) in a changing climate". American Journal of Botany. 101 (11): 1944–1953. doi:10.3732/ajb.1400035. ISSN 1537-2197. PMID 25366859.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pediocactus bradyi.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.