Petros Solomon
1st Minister of Defence of Eritrea
In office
1993–1994
Succeeded byMesfin Hagos
Minister of Foreign Affairs of Eritrea
In office
1994–1997
Preceded byMahmoud Ahmed Sherifo
Succeeded byHaile Woldense
2nd Minister of Marine Resources of Eritrea
In office
1997–2001
Preceded bySaleh Meki
Succeeded byAhmed Haj Ali
Personal details
Born (1951-05-05) May 5, 1951
Asmara, British Military Administration in Eritrea
Political partyPFDJ
SpouseAster Yohannes

Petros Solomon (Tigrinya: ጴጥሮስ ሰሎሞን; born 5 May 1951[1]) is an Eritrean politician. He was an Eritrean People's Liberation Front commander during the Eritrean War of Independence, and following independence he served in several positions in the Cabinet, including Minister of Defense and Minister of Foreign Affairs. He has been in prison, held incommunicado in an undisclosed location, since September 18, 2001 for opposing the rule of Eritrean president Isaias Afewerki. Amnesty International has named him a prisoner of conscience.

His wife Aster Yohannes, who was also a freedom fighter and member of EPLF, was detained by security personnel at Asmara International Airport in the capital Asmara on December 11, 2003, when she returned after a three-year period of study at the University of Phoenix to unite with her children. She is imprisoned at Carshel in Asmara Eritrea. All four of Solomon's children live in exile.

Early life

Solomon was born in a recognized family in Asmara. He completed his early education in Asmara and Addis Ababa. He was attending the Haile Selassie University in 1972, when he joined EPLF. He is married to Aster Yohannes, who joined the front in 1972. The pair have four children, Simon, the twins Zerai and Hanna, and Meaza. The pair fought in the independence struggle with Ethiopia, in which the EPLF gained de facto independence for Eritrea in 1991[2]

During the Eritrean War of Independence

Petros Solomon was a member of the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF). From 1972 until the end of the Eritrean War of Independence in 1991, he served as Chief Strategist and the head of Military Intelligence (Brigade 72) of the EPLF. He also served as a member of the executive committee (Politburo) of EPLF from 1977 to 1994. During the War of Independence, he is credited with having single-handedly organized the EPLF's intelligence section. He is also credited with having been the commander of the Nakfa, Kerkebet and Zara fronts during the war in the early 1980s. He led the battle of Massawa in 1977;[3] He also, along with Ogbe Abraha, led the battle to liberate the town of Barentu in 1987.

After Eritrean Independence

Criticism

"When confronted with criticism, it is not useful to think only in terms of digging up trenches and launching counter-offensives; criticism should be accepted with an open heart and an environment of tolerance; institutionalism is the best approach to decision-making... nobody or no institution has a monopoly on wisdom and foresight."

~ Petros Solomon, Tsigenai Newspaper, June 11, 2001 as translated by Awate.com[4]

In 1991, as he commanded the EPLF army that besieged Asmara, taking charge of the city when it fell to his forces. In its June 16, 1991 publication, The New York Times stated that after the fall of Asmara, "Petros Solomon, was running the city until the arrival of Isaias Afewerki".[5] Following independence, Petros Solomon served in various cabinet positions. He served as the first Minister of Defense of Eritrea.[6] In mid-February 1997, he was moved from the post of Minister of Foreign Affairs to that of Minister of Marine Resources.[7]

During his time as a Minister of Marine Resources, "he independently conceived of a biosaline agriculture as a way of building the economy of the country and gave enthusiastic support to Manzanar Project".[8]

In September 2001 he was detained indefinitely along with other politicians who were known as the G-15, a group which opposes the rule of Eritrean president Isaias Afewerki. Solomon along with 15 other ministers were arrested by the ruling front and detained in unknown location ever since. The ministers were criticizing the border war of the then president, Isaia and signed an open letter. He was fired along with other opposing members and was detained on 18 September 2001.[6] He was considered a prisoner of conscience by Amnesty International.[9]

Reaction to the arrest

UN Assembly

"The tone we set here (at the UN General Assembly) collectively will have far greater influence in shaping the future of our planet than the isolated measures and endeavours we undertake in our individual countries."

~ Petros Solomon, At General Assembly Session 50 meeting 28, Date 11 October 1995[10]

Dan Connell made an observation that, "It was inevitable he would clash with Isaias Afewerki".[11] After Petros's detention many of his former subordinates who publicly opposed his arrest were themselves arrested as a result, including Kidane Wedi Qeshi who used to be Communications Operator for Petros Solomon, Mehari (last name unknown) who was Chauffeur for Petros Solomon, Tesfai "Gomorra" Gebreab who was a close friend of Petros Solomon.[6] Tsedal Yohannes, the sister of Petros Solomon's wife, has been fighting against the Eritrean government about the status of her sister and her husband ever since from London.[2]

References

  1. ↑ https://twitter.com/vanessatsehaye/status/1654583027064881153}
  2. 1 2 Syed, Rizwan. "Eritrean Tsedal Yohannes fights to free her family from indefinite sentence without trial". The World and all its voices. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
  3. ↑ Page 17Conversations With Eritrean Political Prisoners, By Dan Connell, ISBN 1-56902-235-6
  4. ↑ Petros Solomon, Tsigenai Newspaper, June 11, 2001 as translated by Awate.com September 18, 2004; "The Chronology of The Reform Movement". Awate. Archived from the original on January 4, 2009. Retrieved 2008-03-11.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  5. ↑ Perlez, Jane (16 June 1991). "Eritreans, Fresh From Victory, Must Now Govern". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 26 November 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
  6. 1 2 3 Connell, Dan; Killion, Tom (2010). Historical Dictionary of Eritrea. Scarecrow Press. p. 421. ISBN 9780810875050.
  7. ↑ "President quietly shuffles cabinet" Archived 2008-10-17 at the Wayback Machine, Indian Ocean Newsletter, 29 March 1997 (Horn of Africa Monthly Review, 21 February–28 April 1997).
  8. ↑ "2005 Blue Planet Prize Commemorative Lectures" (PDF). The Asian Glass Foundation. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 20, 2007.
  9. ↑ "Eritrea: Prisoners of conscience held for a decade must be released". Amnesty International. 15 September 2011. Archived from the original on 3 December 2011. Retrieved 26 December 2011.
  10. ↑ "General Assembly Session 50 meeting 28". UNdemocracy. Archived from the original on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
  11. ↑ Conversations With Eritrean Political Prisoners, By Dan Connell, ISBN 1-56902-235-6
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