Phalangopsinae
Phalangacris alluaudi
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Suborder: Ensifera
Family: Phalangopsidae
Subfamily: Phalangopsinae
Blanchard, 1845
Genera
  • See text
Synonyms
  • Phalangopsites Blanchard, 1845
  • Phalangopsitidae Bruner, 1916
  • Phalangopsinae Hebard, 1928
  • Phalangopsidae Chopard, 1949

Phalangopsinae, occasionally known as spider crickets, are a subfamily of crickets in the family Phalangopsidae.[1] Members of Phalangopsinae are found worldwide in tropical and subtropical regions. Most species in the subfamily are nocturnal and can be found in rocky areas, near fallen wood, and the understory of forests.[2] Some species are gregarious, gathering in large numbers.

Taxonomy

Placement of Phalangopsinae and its genera has been controversial, with the group previously being placed family Gryllidae.[2] The Orthoptera Species File[1] currently lists the following tribes and genera:

Endacustini

Auth.: Gorochov, 1986; distribution: Australia and SW Pacific islands

  • Anendacusta Gorochov, 2003
  • Discotathra Gorochov, 2003
  • Endacusta Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1873
  • Endotaria Chopard, 1951
  • Itarotathra Gorochov, 2003
  • Lucienia Gorochov, 1986
  • Nesitathra Otte & Rentz, 1985
  • Protathra Desutter-Grandcolas, 1997
  • Pseudendacusta Gorochov, 2003
  • Tathra (insect) Otte & Alexander, 1983
  • Zaclotathra Gorochov, 2003

Luzaropsini

Auth.: Gorochov, 1986; distribution: Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, W. Malesia

  • Larandopsis Chopard, 1924
  • Luzaropsis Chopard, 1925
  • Terrozacla Gorochov, 2014

Otteiini

Auth.: Koçak & Kemal, 2009 (synonyms Cophusini, Otteini); distribution: central America & Caribbean

  1. Cubacophus Ruíz-Baliú & Otte, 1997
  2. Dominicophus Yong, 2017
  3. Hortacophus Cadena-Castañeda, 2021
  4. Hubbellcophus Cadena-Castañeda, 2021
  5. Otteius Koçak & Kemal, 2009
  6. Paracophus Chopard, 1947
  7. Tohila Hubbell, 1938
  8. Venegascophus Cadena-Castañeda, 2021

Phalangopsini

Auth.: Blanchard, 1845; distribution: widespread in tropics.

  • subtribe Heterogryllina Hebard, 1928
    • Aclodes Hebard, 1928
    • monotypic genus Aspidogryllus A. singularis Chopard, 1933
    • monotypic genus Hemicophus H. paranae Saussure, 1878
    • monotypic genus Heterogryllus H. ocellaris Saussure, 1874
    • monotypic genus Howeta H. pacifica Otte & Rentz, 1985
    • Phaeophilacris Walker, 1871
    • Phalangacris Bolívar, 1895
    • Seychellesia Bolívar, 1912
    • Uvaroviella Chopard, 1923
  • subtribe Indozaclina Gorochov, 2018
    • monotypic genus Indozacla I. discifera (Gorochov, 2003)
    • Kempiola Uvarov, 1940
    • Opiliosina Desutter-Grandcolas, 2012
    • Phalangopsina Chopard, 1933
  • subtribe Modestozarina Gorochov, 2014
    • monotypic genus Daedalonotum D. daedalum Gorochov, 2014
    • Endecous Saussure, 1878
    • Modestozara Gorochov, 2014
  • subtribe Nemozarina Gorochov, 2014
    • Anemozara Gorochov, 2014
    • Lernecella Hebard, 1928
    • Nemozara Gorochov, 2014
  • subtribe Parendacustina Gorochov, 2014
    • Arachnomimus Saussure, 1897
    • Longizacla Gorochov, 2003
    • Luzonogryllus Yamasaki, 1978
    • Parendacustes Chopard, 1924
  • subtribe Phalangopsina Blanchard, 1845
    • Eidmanacris Chopard, 1956
    • Phalangopsis Serville, 1831
    • Philippopsis Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992
  • subtribe not assigned
    • Laozacla Gorochov, 2014
    • Zacla Gorochov, 2003

incertae sedis

  • Anophtalmotes Desutter-Grandcolas, 1995
  • Antilliclodes Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
  • monotypic genus Dambachia D. eritheles Nischk & Otte, 2000
  • monotypic genus Doposia D. tobago Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
  • monotypic genus† Eotrella E. mira Gorochov, 2012
  • monotypic genus† Eozacla Gorochov, 2012
  • monotypic genus Hirpinus H. afer Stål, 1855
  • Kumalorina Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009
  • Larandeicus Chopard, 1937
  • monotypic genus Phaeogryllus P. fuscus Bolívar, 1912
  • monotypic genus Prosecogryllus P. nossibianus Brancsik, 1892
  • monotypic genus Socotracris S. kleukersi Felix & Desutter-Grandcolas, 2012
  • monotypic genus Speluncasina S. annandalei (Chopard, 1928)
  • monotypic genus Zaora Z. morbillosa Walker, 1869

References

  1. 1 2 Orthoptera Species File (Version 5.0/5.0; retrieved 5 February 2019)
  2. 1 2 Heads, S.W. (2010). "The first fossil spider cricket (Orthoptera: Gryllidae:Phalangopsinae): 20 million years of troglobiomorphosis or exaptation in the dark?". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 158 (1): 56–65. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00587.x.
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