Poecilochroa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Gnaphosidae
Genus: Poecilochroa
Westring, 1874[1]
Type species
P. variana
(C. L. Koch, 1839)
Species

39, see text

Poecilochroa is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Niklas Westring in 1874.[2]

Description

As Gnaphosidae, Poecilochroa have large cylindrical spinnerets. They are nocturnal, spending the day in silken retreats and going out at night to hunt.[3]

Poecilochroa are divided into two gnaphosid groups based on their abdomen colouration: those with plain abdomens are in the Echemus group, while those with black and white abdomen are in the Herpyllus group. Males of both groups have well-developed dorsal scuta.[4]

Habitat

Poecilochroa occur in various habitats including on and under stones and dead leaves, on vegetation, in steppes, grasslands, dry fields, stream beds and forest floors.[5][6]

Species

As of May 2019 it contains thirty-nine species and one subspecies:[1]

  • Poecilochroa albomaculata (Lucas, 1846) – Western Mediterranean
  • Poecilochroa alcala Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
  • Poecilochroa anomala (Hewitt, 1915) – South Africa
  • Poecilochroa antineae Fage, 1929 – Mali
  • Poecilochroa barmani Tikader, 1982 – India
  • Poecilochroa behni Thorell, 1891 – India (Nicobar Is.)
  • Poecilochroa bifasciata Banks, 1902 – Ecuador (Galapagos Is.)
  • Poecilochroa capensis Strand, 1909 – South Africa
  • Poecilochroa carinata Caporiacco, 1947 – Uganda
  • Poecilochroa dayamibrookiana Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
  • Poecilochroa devendrai Gajbe & Rane, 1985 – India
  • Poecilochroa faradjensis Lessert, 1929 – Congo
  • Poecilochroa furcata Simon, 1914 – France, Italy, Greece
  • Poecilochroa golan Levy, 1999 – Israel
  • Poecilochroa haplostyla Simon, 1907 – São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Poecilochroa incompta (Pavesi, 1880) – Tunisia
  • Poecilochroa insularis Kulczyński, 1911 – Indonesia (Java)
  • Poecilochroa involuta Tucker, 1923 – South Africa
  • Poecilochroa joreungensis Paik, 1992 – Korea
  • Poecilochroa latefasciata Simon, 1893 – Peru
  • Poecilochroa loricata Kritscher, 1996 – Malta
  • Poecilochroa malagassa Strand, 1907 – Madagascar
  • Poecilochroa parangunifasciata Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
  • Poecilochroa patricia (Simon, 1878) – France (Corsica)
  • Poecilochroa pauciaculeis Caporiacco, 1947 – East Africa
  • Poecilochroa perversa Simon, 1914 – France
  • Poecilochroa phyllobia (Thorell, 1871) – Italy
  • Poecilochroa pugnax (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874) – Libya, Egypt, Ethiopia, Israel
  • Poecilochroa rollini Berland, 1933 – French Polynesia (Marquesas Is., Tuamotu)
  • Poecilochroa sedula (Simon, 1897) – India
  • Poecilochroa senilis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – France (Corsica) to Turkmenistan
    • Poecilochroa s. auspex (Simon, 1878) – Spain, France
  • Poecilochroa taborensis Levy, 1999 – Israel, Cyprus, Greece, Portugal
  • Poecilochroa taeguensis Paik, 1992 – Korea
  • Poecilochroa tikaderi Patel, 1989 – India
  • Poecilochroa tridotus Caleb & Mathai, 2013 – India
  • Poecilochroa trifasciata Mello-Leitão, 1918 – Brazil
  • Poecilochroa variana (C. L. Koch, 1839) (type) – Europe to Central Asia
  • Poecilochroa viduata (Pavesi, 1883) – Ethiopia
  • Poecilochroa vittata Kulczyński, 1911 – Indonesia (Java)

References

  1. 1 2 Gloor, Daniel; Nentwig, Wolfgang; Blick, Theo; Kropf, Christian (2019). "Gen. Poecilochroa Westring, 1874". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-06-04.
  2. ↑ Westring, N. (1874). "Bemerkungen über die Arachnologischen Abhandlungen von Dr T. Thorell unter dem Titel: 1°, On European Spiders, pts 1 et 2, Upsala, 1869-70. 2°, Remarks on Synonyms of European Spiders, Upsala, 1872-73". Göteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps och Vitterhets Samhälles Handlingar. 14: 1–68.
  3. ↑ "Flat-bellied ground spiders, Gnaphosidae". ednieuw.home.xs4all.nl. Retrieved 2022-07-25.
  4. ↑ Chatzaki, J. Lissner M. (2016-01-01). First records of Poecilochroa taborensis Levy, 1999 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Greece and Cyprus with notes on some closely related species. OCLC 1248842562.
  5. ↑ Bayram, Abdullah; Varol, M. İsmail (2003). "On Poecilochroa variana , recently collected in Turkey for the first time (Araneae: Gnaphosidae)". Zoology in the Middle East. 30 (1): 101–104. doi:10.1080/09397140.2003.10637994. ISSN 0939-7140. S2CID 84776303.
  6. ↑ Alioua, Youcef; Bosmans, Robert (May 2020). "Poecilochroa senilis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) recorded for the first time in Algeria and Morocco, with the proposition of a new synonym". The Arachnological Bulletin of the Middle East and North Africa. 17 (2): 121–126.


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