Political Security Directorate
إدارة الأمن السياسي
Idarat al-Amn al-Siyasi
Agency overview
JurisdictionGovernment of Syria
HeadquartersDamascus, Syria
Agency executive
  • Maj. Gen. Ghaith Shafeeq Deeb, Director
Parent agencyMinistry of Interior

The Political Security Directorate (PSD, Arabic: إدارة الأمن السياسي, romanized: Idarat al-Amn al-Siyasi) is an intelligence service of the Syrian government. It is divided into an Internal Security Department and an External Security Department.[1] Intelligence division is affiliated to the Ministry of Interior. It's activities involve the surveillance of the satellite parties of National Progressive Front and is active against the Syrian opposition.[2][3] It monitors literature, print publications, political dissent, and all media outlets.[1][4][5] This intelligence service has been headed by Major General Ghaith Shafeeq Deeb since February 5, 2021.[6]

Directors

  • Head of Investigative branch: Brig. Gen. Makhmoud al-Khattib (2011).[14]
  • Head of Operations branch: Brig. Gen. Mohamed Heikmat Ibrahim (2011).[14]
  • Nasser Al-Ali (24 April 2015–2017)
  • Mohammad Khaled al-Rahmoun (2017–26 November 2018)[15]
  • Hossam Louka (26 November 2018–July 2019)[15]
  • Ghaith Shafeeq Deeb (5 February 2021–present)

Regional Directors

  • Daraa branch: Atef Najib (2011), the European Union sanctioned him for "being responsible for the violence against protesters in Daraa during the Syrian uprising".[16] He was replaced by Brig. Gen. Nasser Al-Ali.[14]

Other Syrian intelligence agencies

References

  1. 1 2 "Herzliya Conference Bashar's Syria" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  2. "Syria, Intelligence and Security". Espionageinfo. Archived from the original on 13 October 2008. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  3. "Bashar al-Assad's inner circle". BBC News. 30 July 2012. Archived from the original on 27 March 2022.
  4. Paul Todd; Jonathan Bloch (8 November 2003). Global Intelligence: The World's Secret Services Today. Zed Books. p. 167. ISBN 978-1-84277-113-6. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  5. "Bashar al-Assad's inner circle". BBC News. 30 July 2012. Archived from the original on 27 March 2022.
  6. "Installing Major General Ghaith Shafiq Fayyad Deeb as Head of Political Security". Syria Today (in Arabic). 1 May 2022. Archived from the original on 2 December 2021.
  7. Rathmell, Andrew (1996). "Syria's Intelligence Services: Origins and Development". The Journal of Conflict Studies. 16 (2). Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  8. Worldwide, Keesings (2002). The Annual Register: A Record of World Events 2002 - Keesings Worldwide. ISBN 9781886994461. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  9. "A rather convenient suicide". The Economist. 12 October 2005. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  10. "Bahjat Suleiman Moved along with Other Security Chiefs". Syria Comment. 19 June 2005. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  11. "Political security department". Cablegatesearch. Archived from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  12. Ahed Al Hendi (3 May 2011). "The Structure of Syria's Repression". Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  13. "Bashar al-Assad's inner circle". BBC. 30 July 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  14. 1 2 3 "By all means necessary" (PDF). Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
  15. 1 2 Jihad Yazigi (24 September 2019). "Who's Who: Major General Husam Muhammad Louka". The Syrian Observer. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  16. "Joint Proposal for a COUNCIL REGULATION concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria and repealing Regulation (EU) No 442/2011". EuroLex. 52011PC0887. 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2012.
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