Listed are major episodes of civil unrest in the United States. This list does not include the numerous incidents of destruction and violence associated with various sporting events.[1]

18th century

19th century

1800–1849

1850–1859

1860–1869

1870–1879

The New York Orange Riot of 1871, between Irish Catholics and Irish Protestants.

1880–1889

1890–1899

20th century

1900–1909

1910–1919

1920–1929

1930–1939

1940–1949

1950–1959

1960–1969

1968 Washington, D.C., riots

1970–1979

1980–1989

The disturbance lasted for an hour with 150 youths participating. A grocery store was looted and set on fire. Four police officers, including one involved in the initial arrest, were injured.[47][48]

1990–1999

21st century

2000–2009

2010–2019

2020–2023

  • 2020 – New York City FTP protests, January 31, Anti-Transit Police and MTA protest resulting in hundreds of arrests over the three separate days of demonstration. Vandalism and violence on train stations were reported.
  • 2020 – University of Dayton closure riot, March 11, A riot broke out following the university's announcement of a temporary closure due to COVID-19.[51]
  • 2020 –
    Protesters surround a police precinct in Minneapolis during the George Floyd protests, part of a larger wave of civil unrest in 2020 and 2021.
    George Floyd protests, May 26 – Following the murder of George Floyd, protests and civil unrest against police brutality and systemic racism began in Minneapolis and quickly spread across the United States and the world, on a scale unseen since the unrest of the summers of 1967 and 1968. Derek Chauvin, the policeman who held his knee on Floyd's neck for over nine minutes, was soon fired along with the three other officers involved. Later, Chauvin was arrested and charged with second-degree unintentional murder, third-degree murder, and second-degree manslaughter; after being taken into custody and released on bail in October 2020, Chauvin was found guilty on all charges in April 2021[52] and sentenced to 22 years and 6 months in prison in June 2021.[53] The other three policemen were convicted of federal civil rights violations in February of 2022.[54] Widespread protests and riots spread to other American cities and then to other countries, with Floyd's murder garnering condemnation.[55] Protest tactics included peaceful occupation and resistance, but was overshadowed by widespread looting and damage of private and public properties. In the Seattle neighborhood of Capitol Hill, an occupation protest and self-declared autonomous zone was established on June 8, 2020, covering six city blocks and a park after the Seattle Police Department left their East Precinct building. The area was cleared of occupants by police on July 1, 2020. May 29 began national days of protests in every state; some of which lasted throughout the summer of 2020.[56]
  • 2020 – Kenosha unrest, August 23–28, On August 23 in Kenosha, Wisconsin, Jacob Blake was shot in the back by a police officer while not complying with their attempt to arrest him. Protests and rioting occurred after the incident. A State of Emergency was declared, and police used tear gas and rubber bullets to disperse the crowd. During several days of rioting, government buildings were damaged, businesses were looted and set on fire, and vehicles were firebombed, including 100 cars burned at a car dealership. On the third day of unrest an armed teenager shot three rioters, whom one was also armed, wounding one and killing two. By August 28, almost 1000 Wisconsin National Guard troops were on the streets, backed by National Guard troops from Michigan, Alabama and Arizona. Nearly 100 buildings were damaged with the cost of damage to City property close to $2 million and the cost to private property damaged near $50 million.
  • 2020 – Minneapolis false rumors riot, August 26–28, On August 26, a false rumor that police shot a man in Minneapolis started riots that set four buildings on fire and damaged 72 others.
  • 2020 – Jewish Protest, October 7–8, In Brooklyn, New York, members of the Orthodox Jewish community protested over new COVID-19 restrictions. Minor fires were set, masks were burned, and journalist Jacob Kornbluh was attacked. Heshy Tischler was taken into custody for inciting a riot.[57]
  • 2020 – Philadelphia riot, October 26 – November 4, Caused by the Killing of Walter Wallace by Philadelphia police.
  • 2020 – 2020–21 United States election protests, November 3 – March 2021, Several demonstrations were held during and after the 2020 presidential election. Clashes between pro-Trump supporters and counterprotesters occurred on multiple nights, including November 14 and December 12. On the night of December 12, there were multiple stabbings and over 23 people were arrested.
  • 2021 – United States Capitol attack, January 6, After months of unsuccessful attempts by President Donald Trump and his allies to overturn the results of the 2020 presidential election, asserting voter fraud occurred and unsuccessfully attempting to pressure state election officials to alter the election results in his favor, a large group of pro-Trump supporters, allegedly called to action by Trump,[58] entered the United States Capitol in an attempt to prevent the certification of Joe Biden's election victory. The Capitol was vandalized, including doors, windows, and offices, forcing members of Congress and Vice President Mike Pence to evacuate. One death occurred as a direct result of the unrest, and several additional deaths were reported subsequently, but determined to be due to unrelated or natural causes.[59] Ashli Babbitt, an Air Force veteran from Southern California, was shot and killed by a Capitol Police officer as she attempted to enter through a broken window leading to the Speaker's Lobby inside the Capitol. During a rush of protestors attempting to fight their way through the police line, Rosanne Boyland was unintentionally crushed and killed. While originally believed to have been a victim of blunt force trauma or chemical spray during altercations between protestors and police, officer Brian Sicknick also died shortly after the violence from a stroke. Nearly 140 police officers were injured.[60] In the aftermath of the unrest, which received widespread domestic and international condemnation, the Chief of the Capitol Police resigned under pressure and President Trump was impeached a second time under accusation of incitement of insurrection.[61][62] His subsequent trial in February 2021 ultimately resulted in an acquittal by the Senate, making Trump the first to be tried as a former president and to be impeached and acquitted twice.[63]
  • 2021 – Daunte Wright protests, April 11 – February 18, 2022, On April 11, police officer Kim Potter fatally shot 20-year-old African-American man Daunte Wright during a traffic stop in Brooklyn Center, Minnesota, near where former police officer Derek Chauvin was standing trial for the murder of George Floyd.[64] Protests demanding justice for Wright were met with force by law enforcement, who used tear gas, canisters, and other methods to disperse protesters. Several demonstrations escalated into riots with property damage, looting, and violent clashes between protesters and police. On April 14, shortly after she resigned from the police force, Potter was arrested and charged with second-degree manslaughter.[65] In response to the unrest, Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey declared a State of Emergency and imposed a citywide curfew amid mass arrests.
  • 2021 – May 9 – June 2021, amid the 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis, the United States saw a rise in antisemitism and violence against Jews, as both pro-Israel and pro-Palestine protesters took to the streets of major U.S. cities.[66] On May 20, in Midtown Manhattan, pro-Israel and pro-Palestine protesters both took to the streets; the two groups collided and fights broke out. At least 26 people were arrested during the protests on various charges, including obstructing governmental administration, resisting arrest, unlawful assembly, disorderly conduct, and criminal possession of a weapon, according to police. During the violence, anti-semitic attackers beat a Jewish man.[67] Also on May 20 in Bal Harbour, Florida, an SUV carrying four supporters of Palestine drove by a synagogue and threw garbage at a Jewish family. A nearby driver, armed with a gun, witnessed the incident and jumped to the family's defense, chasing the men away. In a separate incident, a man in Miami drove a van painted with Nazi symbols past a pro-Israel demonstration and shouted antisemitic slurs; the man was subsequently arrested and later released.[68]
  • 2021 – Winston Boogie Smith riots, June 3–7, On June 3, at about 2:10 P.M at a parking garage on Lake Street between Fremont and Hennepin Avenues in the Upton district of Minneapolis, a 32-year-old African-American man named Winston Boogie Smith was killed by Hennepin County and Ramsey County Sheriff's Departments deputies who were assisting the US Marshals Service in arresting him. The US Marshals Service stated their reason for arresting him was because he had failed to appear in court on May 19 after being arrested for firearms possession. There is no known video footage of the incident occurring. Both a Ramsey and a Hennepin county deputy were later placed on administrative leave. A crowd gathered after the incident occurred waiting to hear more information pertaining to the incident. During that night a handful of businesses were looted and vandalized. Nine arrests were reported to have been made.[69] On June 13, an SUV drove into a parked car that was shielding protesters and the car was pushed into a crowd, leading to the death of one person and injuring 3 others.[70] On July 8, 2021, a video link was posted on Twitter showing a driver in the Uptown area of Minneapolis "Firing a gun into the air while doing burnouts".[71][72]
  • 2021-2023 – Stop Cop City, Due to an increase of crime and a lack of police morale from the 2020–2022 United States racial unrest in the city of Atlanta, a training facility was proposed to be built in order to address these issues. In response, forest defenders known as Stop Cop City began to protest the construction by barricading the area and performing sit-ins in the forest. On January 18, 2023, law enforcement agencies attempted to clear the area. During the raid, a trooper was shot in the leg and a protester, identified as Manuel Terán, known also as "Tortuguita", was killed by police.[73][74] Police stated Terán fired on them without warning.[75] Journalists who had previously interviewed Terán, other protestors, and Terán's family have questioned whether Terán fired first, pointing to lack of body-camera footage of the shooting and calling for an independent investigation.[75][76][77][78] In response to the shooting, on January 21, 2023, protesters marched through Atlanta; some burned an Atlanta Police Department vehicle and started attacking businesses that have financially contributed to the Atlanta Police Foundation.[79]
  • August 4, 2023 – Union Square riot, popular Twitch streamer Kai Cenat held a fan meetup in Union Square, New York City where he was to give away free PlayStation 5's. The event quickly spiraled out of control due to the large number of attendees. Law enforcement who responded to the situation sustained multiple injuries, and property was damaged. Multiple people were arrested and detained, including Cenat, who faced possible charges of inciting a riot.[80]
  • September 26-27 - Philadelphia experienced two nights of mass looting across the city, ranging from small businesses to major retailers such as Apple.[81] Over 18 liquor stores were robbed, prompting PA to shutter all state run liquor stores in Philadelphia briefly, while others remain closed until further notice. At least 72 have been arrested after they took advantage of law enforcement being distracted with protests over the police shooting of Eddie Irrizary, though the DA asserts the looters were not themselves associated with the protests.[82] Local influencer Dayjia "Meatball" Blackwell is alleged to have used her social media following to encourage people to participate in criminal activities in seven different locations. Blackwell, along with many of the mostly masked, young adult looters, livestreamed the robberies on TikTok and Instagram, where the 21-year-old has hundreds of thousands of followers.[83]

See also

References

  1. ↑ see Ronald Gottesman, and Richard Maxwell Brown, eds. Violence in America: an encyclopedia (1999).
  2. ↑ "The Boston Mob of 1835". www.bpl.org. Retrieved 2020-05-29.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Detroit Free Press' "The Detroit Almanac", 2001
  4. ↑ Field, Anthony James (Winter 2021). "The "Irrepressible Conflict:" Policing in Civil War-Era New York City, 1860–1862". The Saber and Scroll Journal. 10 (2): 103–107. doi:10.18278/SSHJ.10.2.8 (inactive 2023-08-04).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2023 (link)
  5. ↑ "The Late Riot at Franklin, Tennessee". The New York Times. 1867-07-10. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-04-06.
  6. ↑ "The Campaign Riots in East Tennessee – Two Men Killed and Seven Mortally Wounded". The New York Times. 1867-07-26. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-04-06.
  7. ↑ "Eutaw Riot 1870 – Greene County Narratives". Archived from the original on 2021-01-18. Retrieved 2021-02-24.
  8. ↑ Welch, Melanie K. (2022-02-07). "Forrest City Riot of 1889". Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Retrieved 2022-04-06.
  9. ↑ "Another Georgia Riot". The New York Times. 1889-12-26. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-04-06.
  10. ↑ "White soldiers used black child for target practice during grim chapter in Tampa's history". Tampa Bay Times. 2018-06-21. Retrieved 2023-08-08.
  11. ↑ "Race Riot in Georgia". The New York Times. 1900-08-18. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-04-06.
  12. ↑ "Georgia Troops Sent to Put Down an Uprising of Negroes". Birmingham Age-Herald. 1900-08-18. p.1 col 3. Retrieved 2022-11-01 – via Chronicling America.
  13. ↑ "New York City Race Riot, August 1900 – Newspaper and Current Periodical Reading Room (Serial and Government Publications Division, Library of Congress)". www.loc.gov. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-06-20.
  14. ↑ Journal, John Gomez/For The Jersey (2017-04-24). "Woman's arrest led to uprising in Jersey City in 1964". nj. Retrieved 2020-05-29.
  15. ↑ Taylor, Alan. "1964: Civil Rights Battles – The Atlantic". www.theatlantic.com. Retrieved 2020-05-29.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 RIOTS, CIVIL AND CRIMINAL DISORDERS: HEARINGS BEFORE THE PERMANENT SUBCOMMITTEE ON INVESTIGATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS UNITED STATES SENATE (PDF). United States Government Publishing Office. 1968.
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  21. 1 2 3 Proceedings and Debates of the 90th Congress First Session. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. 1967. p. 19335 – via Google Books.
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  29. ↑ O'Leary, Mary; Stannard, Ed; Abdul-Karim, Shahid (2017-08-12). "1967 riots: 4 tense days that began 'evolution' of blacks". New Haven Register. Retrieved 2021-06-12.
  30. ↑ Harrison, Scott (2017-06-22). "From the Archives: 1967 antiwar protest turns violent". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
  31. ↑ Nichols, Steve (2020-06-28). "Valley Voice: Recalling the Century City demonstration of 1967". The Desert Sun. Retrieved 2022-09-05.
  32. ↑ "THE 1968 TALLAHASSEE RIOTS FOLLOWING THE ASSASSINATION OF MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR". Apalachee. Tallahassee Historical Society. 11. 1984.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 Davis, Shanice (2017-04-12). "Are Latino Riots Forgotten Because Latinos Want Them To Be?". VIBE (Digital).
  34. ↑ "NEW BATTLING AT CONEY ISLAND". Bridgeport Post. 1968-07-22. Retrieved 2021-06-13 – via Newspapers.com.
  35. ↑ "Retrospective: Archives show difficult road for Richmond middle class". Richmond Confidential. 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2021-05-14.
  36. ↑ Vasquez, Richard (1970-04-12). "Coachella Riot Bewilders and Stuns Citizens". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2021-06-12 – via Newspapers.com.
  37. ↑ "Albuquerque marks 50th anniversary of Mexican American uprising over police violence". 2021-06-17.
  38. ↑ Fountain, Jr., Aaron G. (2016-05-04). "Forgotten Latino Urban Riots and Why They Can Happen Again". Latino USA. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  39. ↑ Nielsen, Rick (1971-07-19). "Mob Cuts Destructive Swath Through Colonia". Oxnard Press-Courier. Retrieved 2021-06-12 – via Google News Archive.
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  41. ↑ "A Night for Closure". Santa Fe New Mexican. 2007-09-07. Retrieved 2021-11-25.
  42. ↑ Cabrera, Kristen (2021-02-12). "50 Years After Pharr Riots, A Look Back At The Rio Grande Valley's History Of Protests Against Police Violence". Texas Standard (Digital). Retrieved 2022-03-14.
  43. ↑ "250 Youths Battle Santa Paula Police". Santa Cruz Sentinel. 1972-04-24. Retrieved 2021-06-12 – via Newspapers.com.
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  45. 1 2 "New England's Forgotten Puerto Rican Riots". New England Historical Society. 2016-06-13. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  46. ↑ "Violence In Tampa After Death Of Another Black Man In Custody". AP NEWS. 1987-04-07. Retrieved 2021-05-08.
  47. ↑ "DRUG ARREST TRIGGERS RIOT IN TAMPA". Deseret News. 1989-02-02. Retrieved 2021-12-18.
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  50. ↑ "Kentucky Students Riot After NCAA Championship Win". ABC News.
  51. ↑ "Ohio: Riot breaks out following university's announcement of temporary closure due to COVID-19". WBRZ.
  52. ↑ Eric Levenson and Aaron Cooper (2021-04-20). "Derek Chauvin found guilty of all three charges for killing George Floyd". CNN. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
  53. ↑ Arango, Tim (2021-06-25). "Derek Chauvin is sentenced to 22 and a half years for murder of George Floyd". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
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  61. ↑ Phillips, Kevin Johnson, Tom Vanden Brook and Kristine. "'Unfathomable': Capitol Police security breakdown prompts chief's resignation". USA TODAY. Retrieved 2021-04-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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  64. ↑ "Police shooting of Daunte Wright amid Derek Chauvin trial adds more trauma to wounded Twin Cities". Star Tribune. Retrieved 2021-04-14.
  65. ↑ Jason Hanna, Brad Parks and Madeline Holcombe (2021-04-14). "Officer charged with 2nd-degree manslaughter in Daunte Wright killing". CNN. Retrieved 2021-04-14.
  66. ↑ "Man Arrested in Attack on Jewish Men Outside LA Restaurant". 2021-05-22.
  67. ↑ "Jewish man beaten in New York City amid dueling protests over Israel and Hamas, police say". ABC News.
  68. ↑ "Hate-spewing men attack Jewish family in Bal Harbour over Israel-Hamas conflict". 2021-05-20.
  69. ↑ "Winston Boogie Smith, 32, ID'd As Man Fatally Shot By Law Enforcement In Uptown Minneapolis". CBS 4 Minneapolis. 2021-06-04. Retrieved 2021-06-09.
  70. ↑ Simon, Alexandra (2021-06-14). "Woman killed, 3 others hurt after driver hits car shielding crowd of protesters in Uptown". KARE 11. Retrieved 2021-06-15.
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  72. ↑ Uren, Adam (2021-07-08). "Video shows driver doing donuts as passenger fires gun into air in Uptown". Bring Me The News. Retrieved 2021-07-11.
  73. ↑ "Man killed, trooper shot while 'Cop City' protesters cleared". Associated Press. 2023-01-18. Retrieved 2023-01-18.
  74. ↑ "Atlanta Police Kill Forest Defender at Protest Encampment Near Proposed "Cop City" Training Center". Democracy Now!. Retrieved 2023-01-23.
  75. 1 2 Pratt, Timothy (2023-01-21). "'Assassinated in cold blood': activist killed protesting Georgia's 'Cop City'". The Guardian. Retrieved 2023-01-23.
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  77. ↑ Rico, R.J. "Man killed, trooper shot while 'Cop City' protesters cleared". ABC News. Retrieved 2023-02-02.
  78. ↑ Peisner, David. "Little Turtle's War". THE BITTER SOUTHERNER. Retrieved 2023-02-02.
  79. ↑ "6 arrested after violent protesters cause mayhem, set APD car on fire in downtown Atlanta". WSBTV. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
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  81. ↑ Wehner, Greg (2023-10-02). "Philadelphia looting arrests continue to pile up as DA's office and police review evidence". Fox News.
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Further reading

  • Abu-Lughod, Janet L. Race, space, and riots in Chicago, New York, and Los Angeles (2007). online
  • Bergesen, Albert, and Max Herman. "Immigration, race, and riot: The 1992 Los Angeles uprising." American Sociological Review (1998): 39-54. online
  • Bernstein, Iver. The New York City Draft Riots: Their Significance for American Society and Politics in the Age of the Civil War (Oxford UP, 1991) online
  • Brophy, Alfred L. and Randall Kennedy. Reconstructing the Dreamland: The Tulsa Riot of 1921: Race, Reparations, and Reconciliation (Oxford UP, 2003)
  • Brown, Richard Maxwell. Strain of violence: Historical studies of American violence and vigilantism (Oxford UP, 1975) online; also see online.
  • Bruns, Roger. Zoot Suit Riots (ABC-CLIO 2014), Hispanics in Los Angeles in 1940s.
  • Chicago Commission on Race Relations. The Negro in Chicago: A Study of Race Relations and a Race Riot (1922) on Chicago race riot of 1919
  • Dobrin, Adam, ed. Statistical handbook on violence in America (Oryx, 1996) hundreds of tables and charts, focused on late 20th century.
  • Feldberg, Michael, The Philadelphia Riots of 1844: A Study of Ethnic Conflict (1975);
    •  Feldberg. "The Philadelphia Riots of 1844: A Social History" (PhD dissertation, U of Rochester; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1970. 7101385).
  • Fine, Sidney. Violence in the Model City: The Cavanagh Administration, Race Relations, and the Detroit Riot Of 1967 (Michigan State University Press,2007)
  • Gilje, Paul A. Rioting in America (Indiana UP, 1996), interpretive history from colonial era to present
  • Gordon, Michael A. The Orange Riots: Irish Political Violence in New York City, 1870 and 1871 (Cornell UP, 2018) see Orange Riots
  • Gottesman, Ronald, and Richard Maxwell Brown, eds. Violence in America: an encyclopedia (3 vol 1999). 1930pp; comprehensive coverage by scholars; vol 2 online
  • Graham, Hugh Davis, ed. Violence in America : historical and comparative perspectives ; a report to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence (2 vol 1969) vol 1 online also vol 2 online
  • Gurr, Ted Robert, ed. Violence in America: Protest, rebellion, reform (1979).
  • Hofstadter, Richard, and Michael Wallace, eds. American violence: A documentary history (1971). online
  • Hunt, Darnell M. Screening the Los Angeles ’Riots’: Race, Seeing, and Resistance (Cambridge UP, 1996), focus on media coverage
  • Olzak S, Shanahan, and E.H.McEneaney. . "Poverty, segregation and race riots: 1960 to 1993." American Sociological Review (1996) 61(4):590–613 online
  • Rucker, Walter C. and James N. Upton, eds. Encyclopedia of American Race Riots (2 vol. Greenwood, 2006)
  • Schneider, John Charles.  “Mob violence and public order in the American city, 1830-1865” (PhD dissertation,  University of Minnesota; ProQuest Dissertations Publishing,  1971. 7205576).
  • Tager, Jack. Boston Riots: Three Centuries of Social Violence (Northeastern University Press, 2001)
  • Tuttle, William. Race Riot: Chicago in the Red Summer of 1919. (U of Illinois Press, 1970). online
  • Victor, Orville J. History Of American Conspiracies: A Record Of Treason, Insurrection, Rebellion, &c. In The United States Of America. From 1760 To 1860 (1863) online, entertaining but outdated
  • Waskow, Arthur I. From Race Riot to Sit-In, 1919 and the 1960s: A Study in the Connections Between Conflict and Violence. (Doubleday, 1966).
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