Psilocybe plutonia
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Basidiomycota
Class:	Agaricomycetes
Order:	Agaricales
Family:	Hymenogastraceae
Genus:	Psilocybe
Species:	P. plutonia
Binomial name
Psilocybe plutonia (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc.
Synonyms
Agaricus plutonia

Psilocybe plutonia Mycological characteristics
	Gills on hymenium
	Cap is umbonate
	Hymenium is adnexed
	Stipe is bare
	Spore print is purple-brown
	Ecology is saprotrophic
	Edibility is psychoactive

Psilocybe plutonia is a small psilocybin mushroom of the family Hymenogastraceae, believed to contain psilocybin and psilocin. It was first documented from Cuba. An older synonym is Agaricus plutonia.

It is in the section Cordisporae.

Etymology

The word plutonia comes from the Latin words plutonian or plutonic. Perhaps in connection with the dark color of the mushroom.

Description

• Pileus: 0.5–1.5 cm in diameter, conic to convex, with an acute umbo or papilla, not viscid, glabrous, slightly translucent-striate, silky white fibrils when young that fade in age, hygrophanous, lubricous, reddish brown to yellowish brown or clay color, becoming blackish. Flesh thin, brownish.
• Gills: Adnexed, sometimes with a decurrent tooth, thin, light brown to dark brown, blackish in age, edges pallid.
• Spores: Purple brown in deposit, rhomboid or subrhomboid in face view, (3.7)4.5–6(6.7) x 4.5–5.2 μm, thick-walled, with a broad truncate germ pore.
• Stipe: (1.8)2.5–4(5) cm long, 0.5–1.5 mm equal to slightly enlarged at the base, flexuous, hollow, dark brown or reddish brown, apex pruinose, zoned with appressed whitish fibrils. No annulus is formed by the cortinate veil.
• Taste: Unknown.
• Odor: None to slightly farinaceous.
• Microscopic features: Basidia 11–17 μm, pleurocystidia 17–26 μm, cheilocystidia 12–17 x 5–6 μm.

Distribution and habitat

Psilocybe plutonia may be found growing solitary or gregarious, from late June through February, on rotted wood or in soil with woody material, in tropical forests, from Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela and Cuba, often near sea level or in lower elevations, although widely distributed, it is not found often.

References

• B. & C, FUNGI CUB. 77. 1867
• Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 292. 1868
• (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 1056. 1887
• Guzmán, G. The Genus Psilocybe: A Systematic Revision of the Known Species Including the History, Distribution and Chemistry of the Hallucinogenic Species.
• The Hallucinogenic Species of Psilocybe (Fr.) P. Kumm. (Agaricomycetidae) in Colombia, Their Indian Use, New Records, and New Species

Further reading

• Stamets, Paul (1996). Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World. Berkeley: Ten Speed Press. ISBN 0-9610798-0-0.
• Guzmán, G. The Genus Psilocybe: A Systematic Revision of the Known Species Including the History, Distribution and Chemistry of the Hallucinogenic Species. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia Heft 74. J. Cramer, Vaduz, Germany (1983) [now out of print].