Pyrgomorphinae
Taphronota calliparea, Uganda
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Suborder: Caelifera
Family: Pyrgomorphidae
Subfamily: Pyrgomorphinae
Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874

The Pyrgomorphinae are a subfamily of grasshoppers (Orthoptera : Caelifera) in the family Pyrgomorphidae. Species are found in, especially the warmer parts of: Central and South America, southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and Pacific Islands. The type genus is Pyrgomorpha and names dates from "Pyrgomorphiden" by Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874. The first use of Pyrgomorphinae was by Krauss in 1890.[1]

Tribes and genera

The Orthoptera Species File lists the following:[2]

Atractomorphini

Bolívar, 1905

Atractomorpha lata
  1. Atractomorpha Saussure, 1862 - Asia, Australia
  2. Occidentosphena Kevan, 1956 - Africa
    1. Occidentosphena ruandensis
    2. Occidentosphena uvarovi

Chlorizeinini

Kevan & Akbar, 1964; Distribution: Africa, Asia

  • Subtribe Chlorizeinina Kevan & Akbar, 1964
    • Genus Chlorizeina Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893
    • Genus Feacris Kevan, 1969
    • Genus Pterorthacris Uvarov, 1921
  • Subtribe Humpatellina Kevan & Akbar, 1964
    • Genus Cawendia Karsch, 1888
    • Genus Humpatella Karsch, 1896
    • Genus Pseudorubellia Dirsh, 1963
  • Subtribe Marsabitacridina Kevan & Akbar, 1964
    • Genus Katangacris Kevan & Akbar, 1964
    • Genus Marsabitacris Kevan, 1957

Chrotogonini

Bolívar, 1904; Distribution: Africa, Asia

  • Genus Caconda Bolívar, 1884
  • Genus Chrotogonus Serville, 1838
  • Genus Shoacris Kevan, 1952
  • Genus Stibarosterna Uvarov, 1953
  • Genus Tenuitarsus Bolívar, 1904

Desmopterini

Bolívar, 1905; Distribution: W. Africa, Asia, Australia

  • Genus Apodesmoptera Rehn, 1951
  • Genus Desmoptera Bolívar, 1884
    • Desmoptera truncatipennis[3]
  • Genus Desmopterella Ramme, 1941
  • Genus Doriaella Bolívar, 1898
  • Genus Menesesia Willemse, 1922
  • Genus Menesesiella Kevan, 1963
  • Genus Paradoriaella Willemse, 1961
  • Genus Stenoxyphellus Ramme, 1941
  • Genus Stenoxyphula Kevan, 1963
  • Genus Stenoxyphus Blanchard, 1853

Dictyophorini

Kirby, 1902; Distribution: Africa

Mature and immature Dictyophorus spumans photographed in the Cedarberg in South Africa

Monistriini

Kevan & Akbar, 1964; Distribution: Australia

Monistria concinna
  • Genus Greyacris
    • Greyacris profundesulcata[3]
  • Genus Monistria
  • Genus Parastria
    • Parastria reticulata
  • Genus Pileolum
    • Pileolum kirbyi
  • Genus Yeelanna
    • Yeelanna argus
    • Yeelanna pavonina

Omurini

Kevan, 1961; Distribution: South America

  • Genus Algete Bolívar, 1905
  • Genus Minorissa Walker, 1870
  • Genus Omura Walker, 1870

Petasidini

Key, 1985; Distribution: Australia

Phymateini

Bolívar, 1884; Distribution: Africa (incl. Madagascar), China

Variegated grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus) nymph, Ghana
  • Genus Paraphymateus
  • Genus Phymateus
  • Genus Physemophorus
  • Genus Phyteumas
  • Genus Rutidoderes
  • Genus Zonocerus

Poekilocerini

Burmeister, 1840; Distribution: Africa, India, Indo-China, Malesia, PNG

Psednurini

Burr, 1904; Distribution: Australia

  • Genus Propsednura
    • Propsednura eyrei
    • Propsednura peninsularis
  • Genus Psedna
    • Psedna nana
  • Genus Psednura
    • Psednura longicornis
    • Psednura musgravei
    • Psednura pedestris

Pseudomorphacridini

Kevan & Akbar, 1964; Distribution: Indo-China

  • Genus Pseudomorphacris Carl, 1916

Pyrgomorphini

Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874; distribution: Africa, Southern Europe, W. Asia through to Indochina

subtribe Arbusculina Kevan, Akbar & Chang, 1975 (Cambodia)
  1. Arbuscula Bolívar, 1905 monotypic Arbuscula cambodjiana Bolívar, 1905
subtribe Geloiodina Kevan, Akbar & Chang, 1975 (W African islands)
  1. Geloiodes Chopard, 1958
subtribe Parasphenina Kevan & Akbar, 1964 (Africa)
  1. Afrosphena Kevan, 1956
  2. Afrosphenella Kevan & Akbar, 1963
  3. Chirindites Ramme, 1929
  4. Parasphena Bolívar, 1884
  5. Parasphenella Kevan, 1956
  6. Parasphenula Kevan, 1956
  7. Pezotagasta Uvarov, 1953
  8. Stenoscepa Karsch, 1896
subtribe Pyrgomorphina Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1874
  1. Anarchita Bolívar, 1904
  2. Carinisphena Kevan, 1966
  3. Laufferia Bolívar, 1904
  4. Leptea Bolívar, 1904
  5. Macroleptea Kevan, 1962
  6. †Miopyrgomorpha Kevan, 1964
  7. Ochrophlebia Stål, 1873
  8. Ochrophlegma Bolívar, 1904
  9. Phymella Uvarov, 1922
  10. Plerisca Bolívar, 1904
  11. Protanita Kevan, 1962
  12. Punctisphena Kevan, 1961
  13. Pyrgomorpha Serville, 1838
  14. Pyrgomorphella Bolívar, 1904
  15. Pyrgomorphellula Kevan & Hsiung, 1988
  16. Pyrgomorphula Kevan & Akbar, 1963
  17. Scabropyrgus Kevan, 1962
  18. Somalopyrgus Kevan & Akbar, 1964
  19. Tanita Bolívar, 1904
  20. Tanitella Kevan, 1962
  21. Zarytes Bolívar, 1904

Schulthessiini

Kevan & Akbar, 1964; Distribution: Madagascar

  • Genus Buyssoniella Bolívar, 1905
  • Genus Schulthessia Bolívar, 1905

Sphenariini

Bolívar, 1884 - Central America, Africa, China

  • Subtribe Mekongianina Kevan & Akbar, 1964
    • Genus Mekongiana Uvarov, 1940
    • Genus Mekongiella Kevan, 1966
    • Genus Yunnanites Uvarov, 1925
  • Subtribe Rubelliina Kevan & Akbar, 1964
  • Subtribe Sphenariina Bolívar, 1884
    • Genus Jaragua Perez-Gelabert, Dominici & Hierro, 1995
    • Genus Prosphena Bolívar, 1884
    • Genus Sphenarium Charpentier, 1845
  • Subtribe Sphenexiina Kevan & Akbar, 1964
    • Genus Sphenexia Karsch, 1896
    • Genus Xenephias Kevan, 1973

Tagastini

Bolívar, 1905; Distribution: SE Asia

Taphronotini

Bolívar, 1904; Distribution: Africa, India, Indo-China

Aularches miliaris
  • Genus Aularches Stål, 1873; monotypic: A. miliaris
  • Genus Taphronota Stål, 1873

Tribe not assigned

All genera are monotypic:

  • Eilenbergia: E. sagitta Mason, 1979
  • Megalopyrga: M. monochroma Baccetti, 1985
  • Paramekongiella: P. zhongdianensis Huang, 1990
  • Xiphipyrgus: X. tunstalli Kevan, 1982

References

  1. ↑ Krauss (1890) Verh. der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellsch. Wien 40:271
  2. ↑ Orthoptera Species File (retrieved 8 April 2018)
  3. 1 2 3 "Orthoptera (Grasshoppers & Locusts)". anic.ento.csiro.au. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
  4. ↑ "2. Petasida ephippigera White".
  5. ↑ "3. Scutillya verrucosa Sjöstedt".
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